Department of Education
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Department of education provides students a unique experience of academic life with a strong focus on research and career preparation in the chosen field. The department has an impressive spectrum of expertise within the field of education with a faculty that has wide ranging research and teaching interests.
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Item Comparative Study of Blended Learning for in Service Teachers Training of Punjab and Sindh(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Latif, Sumaira“A blended learning addresses the issue of quality of teaching and learning” to (Garrison and Vaughan 2008), blended learning is mixture of face to face and online learning. TVET improve the teaching and learning style, so TVET organized the in service teacher training for improve the teacher knowledge, skill and pedagogical activities. This study explore the use of blended learning in service teacher training of TVET teachers in Punjab & Sindh. The objectives of the study were as; 1. To compare the in-service TVET teachers’ perceptions about the effectiveness of in-service teacher training through blended learning in Sindh and Punjab. 2. To compare the principals’ of TVET institutions' perceptions about the effectiveness of in-service teacher training through blended learning in Sindh and Punjab. 3. To compare the TVET students’ perceptions about the effectiveness of in-service teacher training through blended learning in Sindh and Punjab. Three questionnaires were used to collect the data. IST teacher evaluations questionnaire by TVET teacher were filled by those teacher who has attend the in service teacher training. TVET principals, IST teacher evaluations questionnaire by TVET students was filled by TVET students, filled IST teacher evaluations questionnaire by TVET principals. The population comprised of 960 teachers, 51 principles and 2360 students of TVET colleges of Sindh and Punjab. Regression test applied for assessing the relationship among different variables. ANOVA test applied for checking the significant difference among the perceptions of teachers’, students and principals based on the province. Correlations test applied for checking the relationship among the variable. The result indicate found that there is significant mean difference based on gender between Punjab and Sindh students. The result found that the students of Sindh are more experienced about fourth factor use of media. Principals of Punjab have more understanding rather than the principals of Sindh about second factor difference in teaching. The result show that positive relation is found between IT Based Learning and Applicability Back Home. A positive relation is found between Organization of Training Course and Applicability Back Home. Applicability Back Home and course content of IST teacher evaluations by teacher the result indicate that there is no significant effect of province on principal’s beliefs towards usage of media, difference in teaching, quality of IST course of IST teacher evaluations by principals.Item Comparison of Perceptions of Students’ and Teachers’ about the Role of Education in Developing Intrapreneurial Competencies(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Asher, BushraLow performance of higher educational institutions has made the environment of organizations problematic. Due to this low performance, institutions find it difficult to adjust with altering needs of the 21st century. This low performance badly influences the students’ abilities. These students get employed in different organizations of Pakistan and may became cause of organizations’ decline. On the other hand, an employability gap also exists between the employer and employees, such as employers are not satisfied with the skills and competencies of students. There is a need of Intrapreneurs at different levels of organizations. If these intrapreneurial competencies are developed among the students, they become more creative, innovative, and can play a role in development of any organization. A little attention has been devoted to the development of intrapreneurial abilities of the students. Aim of this interdisciplinary research was to take the perception of the students about the role of education in development of intrapreneurial competencies among the students of higher education of Lahore. Objectives of this study were to identify the role of education in development of intrapreneurial abilities and to find out differences in perceptions of students on the basis of demographics. Research design of this study was survey research. The population of study was the students of public and private universities of Lahore. Four hundred students were selected as sample of the study through random sample technique. For the purpose of cross check the responses of students, perceptions were also taken from the teachers about the role of education in nurturing of intrapreneurial abilities among students. Data were collected through self-developed Instrument. Analyzed the data by descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. Results indicated that students and teachers were assumed that education is not playing its role in developing intrapreneurial competencies among the students of higher education institutions.Item The Quality of Teacher Educators in Pakistan(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Syeda Maher-Un-NisaThis study was designed to explore the quality of teacher educators in Pakistan. Student teachers and teacher educators including heads of the departments, supervisor teachers at both public and private universities of Pakistancomprised the population of the study. The study was delimited to few departments/institutes of education and research of public and private sector universities in Pakistan. The required data was collected from three public and four private universities of Lahore by two questionnaires i.e. Student teacher perception Questionnaire and teacher educators perception Questionnaire. Both Questionnaires, consisted of three main scales, adopted to assess performance according to the quality indicator and standards of ISO 90001. The questionnaire consisted of 53 statements on five-point Likert type scale related to nine subscales: developer of Course, designs and deliverer of instruction, Evaluator, Researcher, team builder, Manager, Instructor, guide, teacher educator moderate learning (Knowledge, skill, attitude). 500 students' teacher and 100 teachers' educators, both male and female participated in the survey and their responses were recorded and analyzed using SPSS 21. Descriptive and inferential analysis techniques were used to examine the quality of teacher educators in Pakistan.Item Relationship between Job Autonomy and Job Stress among Public Secondary School Principals(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Muhammad Azhar HaseebSchool education is the foundation of the education system of any country. School Principals play a dynamic role in teaching learning process. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between job autonomy and job stress among public secondary school principals of Toba Tek Singh. The study was driven by using survey research design. Two scales were adopted to measure job autonomy and job stress respectively. The study comprised of the sample of 145 public secondary school principals, working in district Toba Tek Singh, Punjab, Pakistan. The research questions were addressed by conducting descriptive as well as inferential analysis of data. The findings of the study established a positive and moderate relationship between job autonomy and job stress among secondary school principals. It was found that secondary school principals perceived themselves more autonomous in method autonomy and scheduling autonomy while less autonomous in criteria autonomy. No significant difference in job autonomy and job stress of secondary school principals was found on the basis of gender, academic qualification, professional qualification, and professional experience. However, the results exhibited that school principals suffered from greater stress because of low self-esteem. In the light of the results of the current study, it is suggested that school principals should be provided middle-level job autonomy to mitigate their job stress.Item An Analysis of the Perceptions towards Teaching as a Career Choice among University Students in Lahore(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Ammara FazalTeaching, as a career choice remained focus for researchers since decades and in current scenario quality assurance movement in higher education has further emphasized its importance. This study was carried out in continuation of this tradition and explored perceptions of university students about teaching as a career choice and its importance in higher education institutions of Lahore. Two universities, one public and one private, were randomly, selected to conduct the study. Three hundred students were randomly selected who were enrolled in different programs of these universities. Both male and female students from different semesters were part of the sample. Researcher developed an instrument after extensive literature review of teaching profession and pilot tested. The reliability of the tool was Cronbach alpha 0.835. The instrument was comprised of 11 career choice factors: societal influence, workplace safety, autonomy, advancement opportunities, peer relations, decision participation, work conditions, retirement plan, personal recognition, Attitude towards teaching as career choice and salary. The study was descriptive and quantitative in nature. The collected data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 by using both descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test, ANOVA and Post-Hoc). Student's attitude towards teaching as a career profession highly positive. The attitude of the students was influenced by three factors such as personal recognition, peer relation and autonomy. This study would be useful for higher education curriculum developer to support the students to become effective university teachers. Future study can be conducted to assess higher education curriculum for effective faculty development.Item A Study of Factors Affecting Quality of Special Education for the Students with Hearing Impairment at Primary Level(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Saira ZafarPrimary education is the backbone of whole education system. Quality education is necessary especially at primary level. Quality is a major issue in special education especially for the students with hearing impairment. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the factors affecting quality of special education for the students with hearing impairment at primary level and identify difference in the responses of the teachers of four zones of Punjab province. The responses of the teachers were collected against the five dimensions of quality education. Those dimensions are quality learners, quality learning environment, quality content, quality process and quality outcomes. Pilot testing was conducted to check the reliability of an instrument consist of 60 items, administered to 20 teachers working in special school. Value of Cronbach's Alpha was α=.882. Multi stage sampling procedure was used to collect the data from four zones of the Punjab province. 18 districts were selected from these four zones of Punjab province. Schools as well gather the information in which 50 teachers were male and 169 teachers were female. 145 teachers were from schools and 74 teachers were from centres of these four zones of Punjab province. Parametric statistics were used to analyse the data. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA were run to compare the factors affecting quality of education in special education. Results of study indicates that auditory training services, library resources, physical facilities, teacher student ratio are not satisfactory in schools and centres. So the researcher recommended that student teacher ratio should be appropriate according to the age and level of the students. Auditory training, library resources and physical facilities must be provided for the students with hearing impairment at primary level.Item Effectiveness of 5ES Instructional Model for Teaching Scientific Concepts to the Students with Visual Impairment(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Jaleel, FaizaScience knowledge is important for students with visual impairment in the same manner as for students without visual impairment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of 5Es instructional model for teaching scientific concepts to the students with visual impairment. It was an experimental study. Quasi pretest-posttest non-equivalent groups design was used for conducting this study. The population of this study comprised of students with visual impairment of class 5th from Lahore. The purposive sampling technique was used to select sample. Sample of 12 students with visual impairment was selected from one institute of Lahore district that is Aziz Jehan Begum Trust Institute for the Blind for experiment. A test was developed which was used as instrument for experimental study. Test was developed from one chapter “changes in matter” of science text book of 5th class. Test was validated by field experts and reliability was checked by pilot testing. Pilot testing was conducted on 31 students with visual impairment. Reliability of developed test on this sample was calculated and coefficient Alpha was found .83. This test was used as pretest and posttest during the experimental study. Control and experimental groups were used in experimental study. Intervention was given to experimental group in the form of 5Es instructional model. A significant difference was found between control group and experimental group on the basis posttest scores. Experimental group showed improved results on posttest as compared to control group. It was concluded that 5Es instructional model is effective for teaching scientific concepts to the students with visual impairment as compared to traditional lecture method of teaching.Item The Impact of Teachers Appraisal on Teachers Morale Among Private Secondary School Teachers of Lahore(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Shazia BashirEducation is directly linked with the development of a country in which teachers are an important facet for a number of reasons. They are the people who educate the youth of the society who in turn become the leaders of the next generation. The current study was designed to examine the relationship between teacher appraisal and teacher morale in secondary school teachers of Lahore, Pakistan. The study was quantitative in nature and survey research design was used. The sample of the study consisted of 288 private secondary school teachers selected through census sampling. Two questionnaires (one for each variable) were adapted for data collection from the participants. SPSS analysis indicated a positive and significant relationship between effect of teacher appraisal with teacher morale. Inferential statistics revealed that teacher appraisal was a strong predictor of teacher morale. It was further determined that financial benefits and teaching workload, were the major causes of low morale. It was recommended that school principals and administrators should conduct fair appraisal of teachers whose purpose should be the professional development of teachers rather than creating a threat to job security for teachers.Item Effect of Examination Conducted by Punjab Examination Commission on Curriculum at Elementary Level in the Punjab(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Sajid Masood ChThe purposes of this mixed methods explanatory sequential study were: (1) to investigate effects of examination, conducted by the Punjab Examination Commission for grade VIII, on curriculum and instruction, (2) to identify pressures associated with result of the examination, (3) to explore ination, and (4) to identify uses of result of the examination. Five hundred and twenty six elementary school teachers who taught to grade VIII were randomly selected from seven different districts of the Punjab to complete survey in quantitative part of the study. Survey instrument designed for this study contained 112 closed response Likert scale items. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data for qualitative phase of the study. Maximum variation strategy of purposive sampling was used to select 28 elementary school teachers for qualitative part of the study. These teachers were chosen from larger sample took part in quantitative phase of the study. The purpose of the qualitative part was to further explore quantitative results. The metainferences revealed that the examination has not only narrowed curriculum and instruction but learning of the students as well. Teachers were pressurized by school principal and district education authority for good result in the examination. Consequences associated with result of examination influenced teachers to use helping books, old exam papers and practice tests in their classes. Most of the teachers used instructional strategies which were teacher centered and focused on drill and practices of the content likely to appear in examination. Teachers were of the view that the examination was not improving education at elementary level because students attempted MCQs without understanding, no or very limited focus on untested subjects and even selective study within tested subjects. Teachers, irrespective of school location and type, shared that the examination was not credible, lacked fairness, invigilation and marking quality was poor and felt threat to their career because of the consequences associated with the result of the examination. It was further explored that teachers and school made very limited use of result of examination. Participants of the study were of the view that the examination was not high in stakes for students but it is for teachers. This study has multiple implications for bringing improvement by consulting teachers who are working in the field and confront with the unintended consequences of educational reforms.Item A Study of Communication Difficulties Faced and Perceived by Parents of Children with Developmental Disorder(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Rehman, ZaeemaThe purpose of the research was to identify the actual communication difficulties faced and perceived by parents of children with developmental disorder. This study followed survey research design and questionnaire were develop; one part, communication difficulties faced by parents of children with developmental disorder, and second part was communication difficulties perceived by parents of children with developmental disorder. These questionnaire were validated from expert of the field and pilot tested and their reliabilities were founded 0.80 and 0.81 respectively. Further, these questionnaire were field tested on 90 parents of children with developmental disorder. These students were selected through purposive sampling, 35 Down syndrome, 25 Autistic and 30 specific language impairment. This study was descriptive in nature. Further it was survey research. Final sample comprised of 90 children with developmental disorder. Descriptive technique were applied to analysis these collected data. Average mean values of each factor was calculated and on the basis of this average means values, the factor were rank ordered. The study concluded that the lack awareness of parents to deal children with developmental disorder, poor consideration of child’s delay communication, poor coordination with Speech and language therapist, psychologist and other experts was the major causes according to the difficulties faced and perceived by parents of children with developmental disorder.Item A Study of Causes of Dropout among Disabled Students at Primary Level(University of Management & Technology, 2016) Kamal, MehwishThe purpose of the research was to identify the actual causes of dropout of children with special needs at primary level in schools. Focus of the work was to explore the causes lying behind dropout of children as per understanding of parents and children with special needs. This study followed survey research design and two questionnaires were developed; one for parents and other for dropout students. These questionnaires were validated from experts of the field and pilot tested and their reliabilities were found as 0.80 and 0.81 respectively. Further, these questionnaires were field tested on 169 students and their parents. These students were selected through purposive sampling, 100 HI students and 69 VI students who had dropped out from school and their respective parents were approached to collect data. The study is descriptive in nature. Further it is survey research. The research comprised of 100 students each with visual and hearing impairment who dropped out from their respective schools and their parents. However, data of 69 dropped out students with VI could be found due to limited enrollment. Therefore, final sample comprised of 169 students and their parents.Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were applied to analyse the collected data. Average mean value of each factor was calculated and on the basis of this average means value, the factor were rank ordered. Causes of dropout, with maximum mean value were considered the major indicator of dropout. The study concluded that the distance of school from home, lack of accessibilities, distance from school, poor pick and drop service, poor infrastructure of school, no extracurricular activities and less understanding with content are the major causes of dropout according to the dropout respondents. On the other hand poor learning abilities, lack of interest of their child, poor understanding with curriculum/content, poor infrastructure, inappropriate sitting arrangements and lack of resources/affordability issues are the major causes according to the parents of dropout respondents.Item Perception of Principals about Parental Involvement in Elementary Schools of Lahore(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Nasir MuhammadThe purpose of this study was to investigate perception of elementary private school principals about involvement of parents in school. This quantitative research used survey to collect data through questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher and pilot tested prior to collect data from sample. Sample of the study was comprised 70 principals of elementary schools situated in Wahgha Town of the Lahore district. 54 out of 70 principals returned completely filled questionnaire yielding response rate of 77%. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. The principals have shown high agreement on that parent school partnership has a positive effect on student grades and that parents were welcomed in school. Contrary to this more than half of the school principals agreed that certain barriers prohibited this involvement like working parents, teachers don't want to involve parents, socio- economic status of parents, parents don't know how to involve with schools, and parents don't desire to see principal and low involvement at elementary level as compared to primary level.Item The Role of University in Transforming Self-Understanding and Meaning of Life in Students – A Critical Study of the University of Management and Technology (UMT)(University of Management & Technology, 2015) Naz, FarahCurrently, there is a shift towards intangible outputs of the connection of university to the meanings and life of students and faculty. However, it needs to be investigated how far a university is successful in its additional role. The present study is an attempt in the same direction where the University of Management & Technology Lahore (UMT), is critically analyzed in terms of outcomes of its role and its capacity for developing self- understanding, exploring meanings of life, and unfolding the evolving self to newer meanings by virtue of self- directed renewal and reference process. Any attempt to capture reality, keeping in view the principles of a critical study, would not easily lend itself to the dictates of a single perspective, theoretical paradigm, and methodology. It requires configuration of an innovative blend of theoretical and methodological alternatives enabling a holistic and multidimensional approach for a robust and rigorous framework. The present study begins with the interpretive and hermeneutic study of the university philosophy as it can be inferred by its stakeholders within their context as to the goals and objectives of the university and its input and meanings for the self- understanding and meanings of life. It is to be defined as what characteristics and qualities it plans to develop among its students and what approaches it envisages as effective in realizing its vision in the realm. In the second phase, a selected segment of student body is surveyed for these characteristics and qualities to appraise how far the university is successful in instilling these into its students. The third and forth vi phases attempt to appraise the university pedagogy and classroom environment to ascertain how these are aligned and relevant to its vision statement. The fifth and six phases take the feedback of the parents and employers outside the university to appraise how significantly they appreciate the characteristics and qualities, university is striving to inculcate into its students. As a result, a statistically significant difference has been noticed between these two observations which reflect a successful inculcation of these qualities in the student during their stay at the university. It has also been observed that the university pedagogy and the classroom environment is significantly helping students to mold their understanding of life, its meaning and contributing to their self- development. It has also been found out that employers have their own set of skills; they want to look into their children and hires repectively. Most of the time, this skill set does not match with what university thought in its vision statement. The required set of skills may vary form organization to organization according to the demand of job but every employer agrees on a point that students should have clear vision of their life. They must be capable to define and express their expectation from life. It is pertinent to mention that UMT has been selected as a focus of this study because it avows to share the responsibility for contributing to the self- understanding and seeks to play a role in the ongoing process of discovery of meanings of life. At a later stage, a comprehensive study of all institutes of higher education can be undertaken to determine their rank in terms of their commitment to this vital role.Item PROBLEMS FACED IN IMPLEMENTATIONS OF NATIONAL CURRICULA UNDER NATIONAL TEXTBOOK POLICY 2007.(University of Management and Technology, 2018) Mazhar HayatIn 2006, the Curriculum Wing of the Federal Ministry of Education, Pakistannotified curricula of different subjects and grades. It also notified National Textbooks and Learning Materials Policy and Plan of Action in the year 2007. However, implementation of both the national official documents remained far behind the schedule. In pursuance of 18th amendment in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan– 1973, Government of the Punjab established the Punjab Curriculum Authority in 2012. Punjab Curriculum Authority was entrusted the role of Federal Ministry of Education Curriculum Wing (defunct) for the province of Punjab-Pakistan. Since then, the Punjab Curriculum Authority approved dozens of manuscripts of different subjects including 116 manuscripts of seven subjects for grade VIII for the session 2014-2015. However, Government of the Punjab Schools' Education Department rejected these 116 approved textbooks. Rejection of approved manuscripts, appearing as unique event in the textbook development history of Pakistan, attracted the researcher to investigate non-implementation of the latest curricula. A qualitative case study design was opted for research employing both triangulation of sources and methods, using both primary and secondary data for research. This study fills the gap of the literature which is silent about the problems in implementation of latest Curricula under the National Textbooks and Learning Materials Policy and Plan of Action 2007. The study concludes that textbooks are carrier of biases or influences like background, and beliefs of the authors and consumer groups as well as political and interest groups who finance the textbook market. xi Though literature on textbook writing and policy provides rich guidelines to ensure quality of textbooks but unfortunately priorities of the persons involved in the approval processes tend to find supremacy over directives for quality.Item THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE SCHOOL EDUCATION ON SOCIETY(University of Management and Technology, 2016) REHMAN, HAFIZA AZZAHPrivate school education is one of the most modern issues presently being debated in the education system of Pakistan. In 1947 when Pakistan got independence the Government established public schools, colleges and universities all over the country where education was provided freely, but due to lack of funding, poor supervision and low standard curriculum, schools could not be maintained properly and effectively, especially, after the 1972 nationalization policy. In this situation private sector promoted the education and contributed to the GDP of the country. The aim of this research was to provide fundamental background, assumptions and concepts related to the topic. In Pakistan, near about one third of all students attend private schools, but these school were from different categories and all of them had different agendas thus operated through their own philosophy. Thus, before collecting data the researcher categorized the schools in four types according to their fee structure and curriculum design. The present research was conducted to identify those specific factors of the private schools which play a dominant role in education. This research designed to explore the impact (whether positive or negative) of private school education on society through 5 dimensions stated as main objectives of this research, Provision of quality of education, (2) Elevating socio economic status, (3) Holistic personality development of students, (4) Creating awareness of social rights and responsibilities through citizenship education, and (5) Causing families’ migration to big cities and thus changing the structure of urban life. Data was collected quantitatively through a survey questionnaire. The parents of four urban towns of Lahore city were the population of this research. By the use of snow ball sampling, parents whose children studying in these four types of schools were targeted. After collecting data, descriptive and inferential analysis techniques were applied to determine relationships among the above motioned factors.Item The Study to Identify Secondary School Teachers awareness of Learning disabilities of 9th and 10th grade students in Pakistan(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Nemra Raza, SyedaThe “Study to identify Secondary School Teacher’s awareness of Learning Disabilities of 9th and 10th Grade Students in Pakistan” was a quantitative study conducted through survey using questionnaire as tool to collect data. Sample of 500 teachers was selected from 5 tehsils of Lahore. Teachers respond through 5 point Likert scale. The study revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female awareness about learning disabilities of students at secondary level and no significant difference between 9th and 10th grade teachers’ awareness about learning disabilities of secondary level students. Similarly it was found that there is no effect of experience and qualification on teachers’ awareness. By, comparing awareness of teachers on the basis of their tehsils then significant difference was found between awareness of teachers of tehsils.Item Iqbal`s Concept of Khudi and its Implication in Education(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Syed Raza AbbasABSTRACT In this research, the main theme is to create for unification in the society by creating unification in prevailing foundational philosophies, taking Pakistanas a prime example where a nation is facing an identity crisis. Other than society itself, education can be termed as a major player sharing a great responsibility in the resolution of this crisis by creating philosophical unification resulting into unification in the society. In Pakistanthe ideology of Allama Muhammad Iqbal can possibly be taken as an official ideology for education as it is based upon unification of knowledge approach which unites the two said opposite poles of Idealism and Realism thus practically defeating the right and the left extremism. In this study an insight analogy is presented between the ideologies of Allama M. Iqbal and Mullah Sadra, depicting that the patterns of Iqbal`s concept of Khudi (individuality) are quite traceable on the foot prints of Mullah Sadra`s metaphor of waj`ud (existence), leading to unification of both subject and the object. Four of the major factors influencing the development of Iqbal`s individuality, are identified to conduct content analysis of primary science textbooks of four different publishers implemented in Pakistani society. This study is done in order to analyze the difference in the ideological patterns of these books to be more Idealistic, realistic or unification in nature. A QUAL+QUAN design is selected, involving qualitative content analysis of the books and quantitative survey on the same selected themes of the books by the teachers teaching them. Interesting results are observed showing the books to be ideologically tilted either towards left or right wing ideologies, helping in grooming some sort of extremism rather than unification, the middle path. These verified patterns show the variety of the philosophical foundations in the society and explain the reason for the identity crises in Pakistani society. Those who are groomed to be philosophically at odds to each other can never be alike in their practice as a nation.Item A Study of the Teachers’ Perception about Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) Curriculum Improvement through TVET Reforms(University and Management and Technology, 2017) Shahbaz Tayyab, MuhammadTVET Reform Support Program (RSP) in 2011 with an aim to devise a National Skills Strategy (NSS), introduced systems to impart and assess skills, making this sector as an engine to economic growth. This is a multi-lateral initiative co-funded by the European Union (EU), the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Federal Republic of Germany, and being implemented in Pakistan by the GIZ (CBT&A). The study objective about improve learning outcomes, curricular reforms are being introduced and adapted after the TEVT Reform. A major practical aspect of this is to improve the curriculum of textbooks used in TVET system, so the project is also under the supporting by the TVET Reform. The population of the study was confined all the teachers of private and public technical institutions at Lahore There were total four public and twenty private technical institutions in Lahore. The random sampling technique was used on the basis of three most common technical areas: Electrical, Civil and Mechanical. A self-developed questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data was analyzed through using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) in order to investigate the teachers’ perception regarding improvement of TVET curriculum after the of TVET Reforms in technical institutions the findings of the study revealed that teachers’ perception regarding the improvement of TVET curriculum practice after the TVET Reform are not affected by the qualification, experience, and nature of job and area of specialization of the teachers. It is suggested that future research should include other improvement of TEVT curriculum practices to gain deep insight to explore this area of research.Item Effect of Self Efficacy and Cooperative learning on Secondary level students’ Academic achievement in Mathematics(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Syed Ayub Ali TalhaThe study “Effect of self-efficacy and cooperative learning on secondary level students' academic achievement in mathematics” is a quantitative study. In it survey is done to analyze secondary students' perception about effect of cooperative learning and self-efficacy towards academic achievement in mathematics. A Mathematics achievement test is also conducted from students through cooperative learning. Questionnaire was used as tool comprising of thirty questions. Students answered through 5-point Likert scale. 400 students from 5 tehsils of Lahore were taken as sample comprising of 200 male and 200 female students. Study determined that there exists a significant but weak relationship among cooperative learning, self-efficacy and secondary level students' academic achievement in mathematics. The attitude of female students had perceived a little bit more towards self-efficacy and cooperative learning as compared to male students.Item IMPLICATIONS OF TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS’ ACCREDITATION(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Neelam NaweedResearches prove that the quality of initial and -in-service education has a positive effect on the quality or competence of the teacher. Therefore, the pass outs of unsatisfactory and less credible pre-service teacher education programs substantially contribute to poor learning achievements of the learners in public and private schools. Higher Education Commission (HEC) formed National Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (NACTE). HEC has delegated to the NACTE the responsibility of ensuring, assessing and evaluating the quality of teacher education programs through accreditation. Current study tried to explore that emerging phenomenon i.e. accreditation of teacher education programs, its evolution, applicability, utility and perceptions regarding related concepts from the point of view of benefitted institutions, and departments. The purpose of the study was to explore the prospects of the accreditation of teacher education programs with particular reference to achieving the intended outcomes of programs accreditation in the Department of Education of University of Management and Technology (UMT). Document analysis, In-depth interviews, FGD and questionnaire were the major tools to obtain the required data for the study. The study found that basically accreditation was carried out by the Department of Education, UMT as an obligation however it served benefits beyond the expectations of the Department. It boasted Department's confidence acknowledging its strengths and also guided for further improvements. There were certain issues in accreditation system identified by the Department's Faculty and staff and also agreed upon by the NACTE. However, NACTE representatives responded to those concerns positively. Last but not least, students and alumni were not well aware of accreditation and related benefits, however they agreed upon the improvements in the quality of Department's service delivery in the post-accreditation years. The research suggests that first of all, accreditation system itself needs several improvements. Secondly, the Department of Education, UMT also needs to incorporate further improvements in their systems and processes.