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Effectiveness of mindfulness based intervention to improve working memory of individuals with symptoms of depression
(UMT Lahore, 2025-07-18) Mahnoor Fatima
This study explores effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions to improve working memory of individuals with symptoms of depression and to investigate influence of depression on working memory. As study was in two phases, one was correlational and the other was intervention, quantitative research method with quasi experimental design for study II along with correlational for study I was used. The hypotheses included there is likely to be a negative relation between depression and working memory of individuals with symptoms of depression and when these individuals receive Mindfulness Based Interventions will show significant improvement in working memory. Snowball sampling technique was used to select participants for correlational phase of study. Total 100 participants, both male and female, were approached for correlational study out of which 22 participants were selected for intervention study. The measures for pre and post assessment of current study were Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale DASS-21 (Aslam & Kamal, 2018), Mini Mental State Examination MMSE (Folstein et al., 1975), Trial Making Test TMT (Sanchez-Cubillo et al., 2009) and demographic Performa. The result showed there exist a strong positive correlation between depression and working memory-A (r =.84, p< .001) and working memory–B (r= .87, p= .001). From the correlation it was indicated that high depression scores were associated with higher scores on working memory-A and working memory-B, which means poor working memory. The participants score on working memory–A and working memory-B was significantly lower after the intervention than before the intervention. Mean score on Working Memory-A was M= .38 and on Working Memory-B M= .42 after intervention and M= .74 and M= 1.04 respectively before intervention. To conclude, mindfulness-based intervention arise as non-pharmacological way of dealing with cognitive and mood symptoms of depression. Regularly practicing mindfulness exercises enhance working memory issues along with alleviating depression symptoms.
Personality traits, partner phubbing, emotional intimacy and marital satisfaction in working married couples
(UMT Lahore, 2025) Fiza Noor
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between Personality Traits, Partner Phubbing, Emotional Intimacy and Marital Satisfaction in working married couples. The sample size was N=300 which includes working married individuals who are actively employed using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. To measure the target variables, various measurement scales were used such as The Big Five Inventory, Partner Phubbing Scale, Intimacy Scale of Emotional Dimension, and Couple Satisfaction Index. Pearson Correlation, Multiple Linear Regression, Parallel Mediation analysis, and Non-Parametric tests such as the Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis H Test were run by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to test the hypothesis. The result of the study showed that Partner Phubbing has a negative relationship with the Emotional Intimacy subscale ISO Congruence and marital Satisfaction. Partner Phubbing significantly mediated the relationship between Neuroticism personality trait and marital satisfaction. Emotional Intimacy did not show any significant mediating effect with Personality traits and marital satisfaction. These results highlight how Personality trait change relationship dynamics by increasing digital distractions like Partner Phubbing, which negatively affects marital satisfaction.
Attachment styles, coping strategies, quality of relationship and empty-nest syndrome in mothers
(UMT Lahore, 2025-10-30) Anosha Amir
The present study examined the relationship between attachment styles, coping strategies, quality of relationship and empty nest syndrome in mothers. A correlational research design was used, with snowball sampling strategy for collecting data from mothers (N = 89), aged 40-60 (Mage = 53.62; SD = 5.16). The measures included the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins, 1996), the Brief COPE Inventory (Carver, 1997), the Quality of Relationship Inventory (Pierce et al., 1991) and the Psychosocial Reactions of Empty-Nest Syndrome (Mushtaq & Farrukh, 2021). Correlation showed that secure attachment styles (close and dependant) was associated with better quality of relationship and lower empty nest syndrome, whereas insecure attachment was linked with greater use of emotion-focused and avoidant coping and higher levels of empty nest syndrome. Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping were positively related to the depth of spousal relationships and empty nest syndrome, while avoidant coping was related only to empty nest syndrome. Quality of relationship (support and depth) also showed a positive association with empty nest syndrome. Regression revealed that unemployment, nuclear family system, anxious attachment style and emotion-focused coping were positive predictors of empty nest syndrome. Mediation revealed that emotion-focused coping partially mediated the relationship between anxious attachment style and empty-nest syndrome. An independent sample t-test showed that mothers in joint families had less empty nest syndrome compared to those in nuclear families.
Frailty, interpersonal difficulties, self-transcendence and existential anxiety in young adults with chronic illness
(UMT Lahore, 2025-08-13) Nabeesha Ahmed
The present study aimed to assess the relationship between Frailty, Interpersonal Difficulties, Self-Transcendence and Existential Anxiety in Young Adults with Chronic Illness. Correlational, cross-sectional research design, purposive sampling was employed and the sample comprised N=200 young adults between age range 18-35 years (M=30.72, SD= 4.47) with chronic illness hypertension and Diabetes Type 2. In the study, participants completed Tilberg Frailty Indicator (Gobbens et al., 2010), Interpersonal Difficulties Scale (Saleem, Ihsan, and Mahmood, 2014), Self-Transcendence Scale (Reed, 1991) and Existential Anxiety Scale (Weems et al., 2004). The data was normally distributed with strong internal consistency (α = .60–.90). Pearson Correlation revealed that frailty was positively related with interpersonal difficulties and existential anxiety but it showed no association with self-transcendence. Further, Multiple Linear Regression analysis revealed that frailty and interpersonal difficulties significantly predicted existential anxiety but at the same time self-transcendence was not a significant predictor of existential anxiety. Results from Independent samples t-tests found that women had higher existential anxiety. It was found through ANOVA that unemployed and housewives reported greater existential anxiety. The results of the analysis were discussed in the light of culture.
Effect of positive prospective mental imagery on anxious distress reduction and sleep quality enhancement among university students
(UMT Lahore, 2025-10-03) Aman Chaudhry
The present study examined the relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty, Anxious Distress and sleep quality among university Students. A quasi-research design was employed, using purposive sampling to collect data from university students (N = 200), aged 18 to 25 years (M = 22.36, SD = 2.21). The scales used in this study included Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12; Carleton et al., 2007), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI; Spielberger et al., 1983), and Sleep Quality Scale (SQS; Yi et al, 2006). Results in this study is as following. Correlation showed that Intolerance of Uncertainty was positively correlated with Anxious Distress and Sleep Quality. There was also a positive correlation between Anxious Distress and Sleep Quality. Regression showed that Intolerance of Uncertainty and Anxious distress are significant predictor of sleep quality among university students. Mediation indicated that Anxious Distress partially mediated the relationship between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Sleep Quality. For intervention study following test were done. Mann Whitney U test was done to compare the scores on anxious distress and sleep quality, between experimental and control groups. The results showed that Positive Prospective Mental Imagery intervention was significantly able to reduce anxious distress among experimental group. Sleep quality was also improved through the intervention as the scores were reduced in experimental group than control group but the significance was on borderline level. Wilcoxen Signed-Rank analysis was done to compare pre and post scores on anxious distress and sleep quality after the intervention. The results showed statistically significant reduction in both scores after the intervention in experimental group.