eScholar-UMT
eScholar is the institutional repository for research conducted at UMT and maintains a large collection of theses, dissertations and projects produced by UMT graduates as part of their respective degree programs. It includes (but not limited to):
- PhD/MS Theses
- Graduate Program Research Projects
- Undergraduate Program Reports and Final Year Projects
- Full-text articles/research work of faculty and students
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Recent Submissions
Motivation level and attitudes towards english language learning in the light of gardner theory of attitude and motivation.
(UMT.Lahore, 2023) Maleeha Shahzadi
This study based on the attitudes and motivation level of learning towards learning English language in the light of research framework of gardener theory of attitudes and motivation. By the results we come to know that how much people have positive and how much people have negative attitudes towards. Motivation and attitudes play vital parts in deciding the victory and results of language learning. This survey paper points to investigate the relationship between attitudes and motivation level towards English language learning, looking at their effect on learners' language capability, engagement, and by and large dialect learning encounter. The audit synthesizes existing writing on inspiration speculations, language learning attitudes and motivation, towards English language learning. Attitudes towards English language learning also contribute altogether to learners' motivation level and consequent accomplishment. Positive states of mind, characterized by a sense of esteem and pertinence of learning English, make a conducive environment for dynamic interest, self-efficacy, and a development mentality. On the other hand, negative attitudes, such as seeing English as troublesome or unessential, can prevent learners' inspiration and obstruct advance.
Linguistic cityscape of lahore: an analysis on language preferences based on linguistic trends
(2023) Rimsha Israr
This research study focuses on the linguistic landscape of city Lahore situated in Punjab, Pakistan. Sample for this research is collected through convenient sampling technique as only those locations are selected which were easily approachable. The locations selected are PIA Road, Joher Town, Lahore and Township, Lahore. Purposive Sampling Technique is also used because only those signage are selected which contained language based content. The data collected is analysed for various linguistic trends that are implemented in the signage, for instance code-mixing transliteration techniques of Urduization and Englishization, cultural and core borrowing and monolingual trends. These trends were analysed through the theoretical framework of (Landry & Bourhis, 1997) and (Cenoz & Gorter, 2006) which provided parameters to examine the signage for instance the type of signage, type of establishment, language preferences etc. Through the data collected it was analysed that the linguistic trend of Urduization is more common in the cityscape of Lahore. However, the data analysis also reflected the language preferences of people for various types of institutions. This study signifies the linguistic trends for instance, Code-mixing, Borrowing, Transliteration etc that are broadly used in cityscape of selected locations of Lahore.
Investigating the illocutionary force of request used by pathan salesmen during their encounter with lahori customers
(UMT Lahore, 2018) Huma Iqbal
Based on the examples from naturally-occurring data collected from Pathan salesmen’s speech,
the study investigates the communicative act of request used to achieve the effect of persuasion.
Request has been analyzed on the basis of linguistic strategies and the level of directness. The
examination of request is based on Brown and Levinson’s (1987) theoretical framework of face
work on threatening acts and Trosborg’s request strategies (1995) employed to investigate the
level of speech directness of Pathan salesmen based in Lahore’s two busy markets.The data was
collected randomly from Pathan salesmen working in Lahore to show an unbiased representation
of the group.
The result reveals that the speech of Pathan salesmen exhibit culture-specific preferences for
lexical down graders (address terms) to soften the illocutionary force of the request and, thus,
reducing the threat to the hearer’s face. Frequent use of imperatives with a culturally specific
linguistic code (kinship term) were employed to mitigate the effect of direct request.The study
contributes to the field of discourse construction where the ability of Pathan salesmen to use
certain linguistic code and elements to combine into utterances is demonstrated. This study could
be utilized to train salesmen in marketing discourse by looking into the pros and cons of their
interaction with the customers.
A multimodal analysis of advertisement junk emails/spam
(UMT Lahore, 2018) SYEDA ZAHIDA RIZVI
Emails are a way to communicate instantaneously with our family, friends, colleagues and acquaintances all around the world. However unsolicited commercial email, commonly known as junk email or spam, is a big problem of e-communication world and a cause of exasperation among the users. Almost all the users receive images, links, videos as junk emails. Despite knowing its negative and baleful effects many people, as this research found out, tend to open these emails. The current research aims to investigate advertisement junk emails through Multimodal framework given by Kress & Leeuwen (1996) involving the representational, interactional and compositional perspectives. Multimodality is an approach which has provided a framework for the collection and analysis of textual, aural, visual, linguistic resources. Bearing in mind the aforementioned meta functions, the researcher explored the following research questions, (a) To what extent are email users aware about the spam or junk emails? (b) What prompts the users open the advertisement spam or junk emails? (c) Is the language of advertisement spam or junk emails deceptive or manipulative? The researcher examined 50 advertisement junk emails from 10 respondents and demonstrated that different modes in an advertisement junk emails’ visual and textual content convey multiple meanings and all modes are dependent on each other. The study concluded that there are many factors causing users to open an advertisement junk emails, especially the language of the email, the subject, the offer (discounts) and proposals.
Discourse reflexivity
(UMT Lahore, 2018) LUBNA KHAN
This is both an explanatory and exploratory study to find and investigate reflexivity in the PhD research proposals. This study particularly targets the proposals of SGC (School Graduate Committee) level in Applied Linguistics, in Lahore, Pakistan, to emphasize the importance of MMs (metadiscourse markers) in the creation of interpersonal rather than intrapersonal research proposals. Two sub questions of the study are: to what extent the inclusion of interactive MMs inform the writing of PhD Research Proposals? And How PhD researchers guide, negotiate and convince their readers by using interactional MMs?. These have been answered by doing quantitative analysis of three research proposals and qualitative analysis of the postal questionnaires (being asked from the research students of the respective proposals) and semi-structured interviews (being asked from the respective supervisors). Although there was very less use of interactional metadiscourse markers in the data and scientific tradition of research writing have been followed mostly, yet idiosyncrasies (breaking away from expected practice) have been found during the analysis, which showed some elasticity and transfer towards reflexivity. This study is very significant not only for MPhil and PhD Students but also for their supervisors since it focuses on the substantial use of MMs (metadiscourse markers) in the construction of a reflexive and interpersonal research proposal. This study specifically suggests the research students to employ the changing trends in their ESL research writing. Moreover, it aims to encourage ESL teachers/supervisors to provide explicit feedback to their ESL students, about the effective use of MMs (metadiscourse markers) in their research writings.