Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Exploring learner's perspectives: the influence of smartphones on english writing skills of pakistani students(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Mahnoor AzizTechnological advancement with its extensive use in every field of life has also impelled the educators to apply innovative techniques in learning English writing through smart phone and discover popular features of smart phone that are supportive in English writing. The current research intends to explore the perceptions of Pakistani learners that how smart phone is helping in learning English writing. The study used mix method quantitative and qualitative paradigm reach design. The population of the study comprised of MA and BS learners from 3 different universities of Lahore Punjab Pakistan. From the said population 200 learners public Lahore Leads University, Kinnaird College and Lahore College for Woman University, Punjab were selected. The data from 200 were collected through a close ended, open ended and demographical questionnaire. The collected data were later analysed employing frequency and thematic analysis. The result demonstrated that the learners have positive inclination towards learning English writing through smart phone. The study also highlights some popular features that significantly support learners in fluency and accuracy of English writing. Smart phone is good tool for language learning especially in English writing.Item The Implementation of neurolinguistics programming to enhance listening skills of esl students(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Mahum Mohammad AkbarThe study investigates the effect of NLP strategies, on Pakistani ESL first semester students listening skills. A total number of 80 students were selected all from the department of English linguistics, University of management and technology through purposive sampling technique. They were placed in a two groups, controlled and experimental group. Pre and posttests were conducted from the groups to test their listening skills. Control group was taught in traditional way whereas for experimental group various sessions implementing on NLP strategies were applied in between the pre-test and post-test to measure the effectiveness of NLP techniques. The teacher used a combination of brief British council podcasts and mixed ways of neuro linguistic programming approaches on experimental group to enhance the listening skills of students. A series of brief audios podcasts were played during the classroom hours and students of both groups performed tasks related to the podcast. On the last session, participants of both groups attempted a post-test to assess their listening comprehension and detailed listening abilities. According to this study, NLP is significantly more flexible and possesses a considerable impact on listening comprehension of ESL students.Item Esl students’ anxiety in english (as a second language) learning from the perspective of english language skills(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Muniba Sabir RaoThe main aim of the present research study is to explore, analyze and understand the state of anxiety that ESL students develop while learning four skills of English language in the context of Pakistan ESL classrooms. For the purpose of this qualitative study, it was convenient to purposely select thirty university level ESL students from three private University of Lahore, (UMT, UOL, and LLU) Lahore Pakistan. Since attainment of permission from various department heads the survey was conducted on campus. The research utilized a questionnaire divided into three sections: The survey’s field included demographic information, six closed questions, and four open questions. The data was gathered using a questionnaire and subsequently analyzed utilizing the computer software SPSS-24. The findings were elucidated through the presentation of figures, graphs, and tables. As seen in the results, anxiety originated from the lack of motivation, and inadequate social relation with instructors and peers, unfavorable learning conditions aching ESL undergraduates. The directions highlighted below formed the basis of the recommendations that the researcher provided to reduce anxiety in relation to the acquisition of the four English languages.Item Exploring student’s perception of the usability of social media in learning english as a second language at undergraduate level(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Ahmed NawabThis research is conducted to explore the student’s perception of the usability of social media in learning English as a second language. This research is conducted in the university of management and technology and student of UMT are selected and participant for this research. This research paper is exploratory and mixed method is used to collect the data. The data is analysed qualitatively and then quantitative results and findings are used to explore the data. As this is an exploratory research design which means it first begins with a qualitative research phase and explores the views of participants. The data are then analysed, and the information used to build into a second, quantitative phase. Interviews are conducted and questions were asked to get the desire result. The findings of this research clearly stated that majority of students in Pakistan use social media for their learning purpose. They have a good experience while using social media platforms for the learning purpose. There are multiple social media platforms that students use but the most commonly used one are; YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, and least commonly used one are telegram and email sometimes.Item Female-gender Representation in advertisements: a critical discourse analysis(UMT.Lahore, 2024) WARDA SHAHZADThis study aimed at depicting through critical discourse analysis of the Pakistani TV advertisements aired in prime timing that how voice is used to construct the female genders. The study is exploratory in nature and, therefore, is a qualitative one. In the current study, the qualitative approach has been adopted and out of the various methods available, critical discourse analysis has been chosen where Fairclough’s 3d model will be used in data analysis. As for the reason of choosing the qualitative method, the researcher keenly assesses the problems and subjects in power and detail because the data obtained in this study relies on people experiences which is more forceful and persuasive. For the purpose of the undertaken analysis, the data was gathered from four (4) Drama channels and twenty-five (25) advertisements were selected using the random sampling procedure. The specific headings under which the selected advertisements had been analysed are text (description), Interaction (interpretation), and context (explanation) and explains the gender roles and identities constructed for the females through the selected advertisements. This paper focuses on the social context which basically informs us that advertisements are central to marketing of products for the people and these advertisements are significant as they are part of the reflection and construction of our society. This study also gives some theories that people are prejudice in defining the roles of gender and in this way, distinction can be made between male and female genders. The discourses as analysed in this research are to consider the voice accorded to the females and equally the times when that voice is considered.Item A comparative analysis of undergraduate esl learners: student and teacher perspectives on total physical response (tpr) and communicative language learning (cll) methods(UMT.Lahore, 2024) AROOBA NAZThe study aims to investigate the perceptions of students and teachers related to Total Physical Response (TPR) and Communicative Language Learning (CLL) approaches in teaching English as a Second Language/ Foreign Language at private universities situated in Lahore, Pakistan. Since there are few previous studies of these approaches in this context, the study also tests whether and how they influence language competence, student engagement, and overall learning experiences. This is an important study that helps understand the language learning methods preferred by few students and teachers is necessary to clarify some aspects of ways of teaching English advancement in addition to a continuous search to find approaches more effective. Insights will provide the underpinnings for curricular design, teaching methodologies (e.g. overcrowded classrooms); and resource constraints. The study also looks at using culturally responsive teaching in ESL instruction because of the differing social and cultural backgrounds students come from. TPR excels in vocabulary learning and student motivation by employing physical activities whereas CLL specializes in communicative competence (and fluency) through interactive lesson plan types. Teacher perceptions highlight the challenges to implementing CLL, demonstrating that supportive strategies are important. Through this effort to include those domains, the research seeks a complete picture of how ESL instruction can be better executed. Conclusion: These findings can be used to help tackle the identified challenges and streamline operations for private universities in Lahore.Item Sentiment analysis of tweets related to the opening ceremony of the paris olympics 2024 using machine learning techniques.(UMT.Lahore, 2024) FATIMA KHANThis study employs machine learning techniques to analyze the sentiment of tweets about the 2024 Paris Olympics opening ceremony. The objective is to classify tweets as positive or negative, providing insights into public opinion and identifying areas of success and improvement for event organizers. A dataset of 1,000 tweets was collected, with 70% expressing positive sentiment and 30% reflecting negative sentiment. The Logistic Regression model was implemented for sentiment classification, with retweets and likes used as features. To guarantee correctness and consistency, the data underwent pre-processing procedures such as text cleaning, tokenization, lemmatization, stop word removal, and vectorization.. The performance of the model was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results reveal a high positive sentiment toward the ceremony, with praise for performances, fireworks, and cultural elements. However, negative feedback pointed out sound issues, organizational delays, and lack of crowd enthusiasm. The Logistic Regression model achieved an accuracy of 72%, although it demonstrated bias toward positive sentiment, with challenges in identifying negative tweets. The findings provide valuable feedback for event organizers, highlighting areas to enhance future events and improve audience engagement. This study also emphasizes the importance of real-time sentiment tracking for monitoring public opinion during large-scale events. The limitations of the model include its inability to detect sarcasm and limited feature set, suggesting avenues for future research through advanced machine learning models and multilingual analysis. This study shows how machine learning can be used to analyze sentiment on social media. Providing actionable insights for event planners, sponsors, and stakeholders to enhance the event experience and audience satisfaction.Item Cognitive stylistic analysis of language used in activism on palestine-israel conflict(UMT.Lahore, 2024) AMNA IMRANThe study investigates the languages and tools involved in activism on Palestine-Israel conflict by performing cognitive stylistic analysis, examining the role of newspaper articles in language use to influence cognitive perceptions of the readers. It follows the theoretical framework of rhetorical analysis under the argumentation theory in cognitive stylistics. The study aims the objectives of examining rhetorical devices, the rhetorical appeals and then the cognitive processes involved in influencing perceptions towards the conflict. The research is designed in a qualitative manner to investigate the insights into the content of the newspaper articles incorporating exploratory and explanatory approaches. The analysis was carried out with the data collected from various newspaper channels within a time frame. The collected data was analyzed according to the research questions and objectives. The analysis reveals the use of metaphors, hyperbole, allusion and alliteration as the most used rhetorical devices. The three rhetorical appeals revealed the examples and their impact on reader about writer’s credibility, emotional approach and use of logics and facts to influence the cognitive thoughts of audience. The cognitive processes like; attention, framing, schema activation and narrative transportation incorporate their involvement and impact of such style of language on perceptions.Item Investigating the efficacy of task based language teaching on the spoken skills of esl learners at university level lahore(UMT.Lahore, 2024) KASHF UD DUJAThis study investigates the efficacy of task-based language teaching on the spoken skills of ESL learners, aiming to examine learners’ perceptions, the challenges and implications of TBLT, with the objective of offering a comprehensive outlook on the efficiency of TBLT in improving spoken English skills. The quantitative data was obtained from a self-developed questionnaire which aimed at establishing the adequacy level of the ESL learners towards TBLT and the perceived benefits of the study. Quantitative data suggests that, TBLT is regarded as a positive strategy and has a beneficial effect including (pronunciation, vocabulary, confidence etc.) on students' spoken English and their fluency levels. But, the variability of outcomes and some issues were identified which includes fear of making mistakes and practice opportunities and this means that further research is needed to reveal the ways of enhancing TBLT for different learners.Item Investigating the role of teachers’ feedback strategies on esl undergraduate students’ grammatical accuracy development(UMT.Lahore, 2024) SYEDA FATEEHA AYAZThis study focusses on investigating the effects of various feedback methods that teachers use in an attempt to improve grammatical proficiency of the ESL undergraduate learners. Feedback plays a significant role in Second language Acquisition (SLA), the study focuses on three major feedbacks which include direct correction feedback, indirect correction feedback, and metalinguistic feedback in order to establish the extent and ways in which they impact on students’ grammatical proficiency. The study employs a blend of quantitative and qualitative approaches in which the frequency was measured and complemented by analysis of open-ended questions. The data was gathered through purposive sampling by distributing questionnaires to teachers who teach undergraduate students in the university.Item Corpus- based metaphorical framing analysis of war and genocide metaphors in the israeli palestinian conflict in western media(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Jannat NazirThis research proposes an operational approach to a metaphorical framing analysis while using large-scale data of wester media. This study employs both qualitative and quantitative methods to critically and discursively analyze the coverage of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by two prominent Western media outlets, CNN and The Guardian, over a ten-month period from 7th October 2023 to 10th July 2024. Focusing specifically on the metaphors of “war” and “genocide,” the research aims to uncover how these terms frame the conflict and shape public perception. The analysis reveals that the term “war” appears 443 times, constituting 0.45% of the corpus, while “genocide” occurs 377 times, or 0.38% of the corpus. These findings highlight the significant role of these terms in framing the conflict as a persistent state of military aggression and a moral crisis, respectively. Collocation analysis shows that “war” and “genocide” share overlapping collocates such as “Hamas,” “crime,” and “Israel,” indicating a shared narrative that evokes strong emotional responses and images of cruelty, victimization, and brutality. The concordance lines of “war” frequently depict the conflict as damaging and urgent, with negative semantic prosody emphasizing large-scale and long-term struggles. Similarly, “genocide” carries a negative semantic prosody, framing the conflict in terms of extreme moral and humanitarian crises, and evoking accusations of intentional acts of brutality. Additionally, thematic and content analysis reveals key themes associated with these metaphors, displaying their narratives. The study concludes that Western media frames the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through a wide range of perspectives, significantly influencing both regional and global interpretations.Item Semantic prosody in elif shafak’s the forty rules of love: a corpus based analysis(UMT.Lahore, 2024) ZEENAT SADIQ KHANThe study uses idea of semantic prosody, which examines how words affect meanings based on their frequent use with other words. The goal is to understand how these emotional nuances engage readers and influence the story's tone. Using the qualitative method and Mahlberg and McIntyre's model, the study analyzes the entire text of the novel. Sketch Engine is the main tool used to analyze word frequencies and associations. The research includes keyword analysis, collocation analysis, concordance analysis, and qualitative interpretation. The findings show that Shafak uses specific words to evoke strong emotions, shaping character development and themes of love and enlightenment. The study suggests that authors and translators consider semantic prosody to enhance the emotional impact of their stories. Additionally, educators can use these insights to teach how language shapes meaning and emotional response in literature.Item To investigate the process of polysemy affixation in Balochi language.(UMT.Lahore, 2024) SHAH JAHANThe purpose of this study is to analyze and investigate the polysemy affixation of Balochi language. Polysemy affixations are the morphological process in any language. Morphology is the branch of linguistics that deals with the internal structure of the words. Morphemes are the smallest meaningful unit of word that combines together to make new words. Morphology deals with different word formation processes. There are two types of morphemes free morphemes that can stand-alone and bound morphemes that cannot stand-alone. Polysemy affixation is the process where one affix has many closely related meanings. Polysemy affixes give different meanings in different contexts. Such as polysemy affix “er” has many meanings and perform differently in different contexts. For example: “write” into “writer”, “drive” into “driver” and “print” into “printer” thus, it has agentive, thematic and instrumental roles in different contexts. This phenomenon is termed as polysemy affixation in morphology. This research paper is conducted to analyze the polysemy affixation phenomena of Balochi language in Pakistan. LSF theory is used as the theoretical framework of this research paper. According to this theory simple words combine or co-indexed to make new larger and complex words. This process is called co-indexation. Furthermore, descriptive qualitative research method is used in this research paper. Data is collected and then analyze descriptively. Polysemy affixation characteristics of Balochi language is analyzed and studied in this research paper. Data is collected through various Books and articles along with some Internet resources. Collected data is analyzed, evaluated and validated by checking and re-checking of the data collection process.Item Conceptual metaphorical analysis of short story “the walk” by kamila shamsie(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Emaan FarhatThis study will scrutinize the short story “The Walk” (2020) by Kamila Shamsie (1973) in an intense way using implicit conceptual metaphors developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) for metaphorical analysis, that will also reveal the informative network that grounds the subject. With the execution of conceptual metaphorical theory, we will see how Kamila Shamsie has used the language so that we can determine the implicit conceptual metaphors in her short story, and inquire how they enhance the tone, effects of literary work and the meaning. We will also be able to scrutinize the structural metaphors to create narrative illustration by organizing the story’s brief landscape. Additionally, the orientational, ontological implicit metaphors will be recognized. The choice of Shamsie’s language creates a story that is lavishly suggestive and passionately energetic, denying simple classification into one analytical structure. By this study, we will also be able to analyze the ideas that are abstract to life. The stylistic features like tone, imagery, symbolism, will help us in exploring the literary effects of the theme of story. We will also be able to investigate how these implicit metaphors that we have extracted from this short story by deeper understanding, create advanced and complex literary panorama. So, through this qualitative analysis, this study will help us to examine the underpinned or hidden metaphorical structures that shapes the themes of this story and will enable us to showcase in forming our understanding of literary works.Item Investigating the Opinion of Government Employees and Prosecution Towards Two-State Languages (Urdu and English) in Pakistan.(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Abdul Rafay ShakirBeing a significant symbolic marker of an individual's or group's identity, language is a powerful instrument for uniting people into a cohesive community with shared values. It is highly recommended that Pakistan maintains two official languages, Urdu and English, to accommodate the demands of its population. For Pakistanis, the Urdu language is fundamental to their sense of national pride and identity. Article 251 of Pakistan's constitution from 1973 states that Urdu is the official language of Pakistan. English might continue to be used until the necessary provisions were made for Urdu to replace English, as stated in Article 251 (2). It is significantly important for the government of Pakistan to have two official state languages in terms of English and Urdu. This is because recognizing both Urdu and English promotes cultural diversity and acknowledging the linguistic heritage of various communities. Additionally, it is important to admit that bilingualism promotes communication between different demographics groups and importantly it promotes better governance and service delivery to the common people in the state. Language policy and planning framework is used as the theoretical framework in this research paper. This framework examines how language policies are formulated, implemented, and evaluated. The mixed research method is used in this research paper by the researcher. The non-numerical data or qualitative data is collected and analyzed at first and then quantitative data analysis is conducted at the second stage. In this research paper, the researcher used two research tools quantitative survey and qualitative interviews. It is concluded that the need for two official state languages, Urdu and English, in Pakistan, is essential for fostering national unity, enhancing communication, and promoting socio-economic development.Item The impact of digital learning on motivation of undergraduate students in Lahore private universities(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Nida Khalil“This study investigates the impact of digital learning tools on the motivation of undergraduate students attending private universities in Lahore. E-learning, a type of education that is becoming more and more popular, uses digital resources to provide flexible, accessible, and interactive learning opportunities. The study incorporates quantitative and qualitative data collected from 60 students who took part in a survey using a mixed-method approach. The study investigates the relationship between key elements of e-learning, including digital teaching tools, online forums, and progress tracking, and student motivation. About 20 questions concerning current E-learning trends, opinions, and proposals were asked. The poll also contained strongly agree, agree, neutral, and disagree questions. In the first phase, sixty students were chosen at random, and their answers to a questionnaire regarding the purpose of online education in Lahore's private universities were gathered. The findings demonstrate that E-learning significantly boosts students' motivation by offering personalized, self-paced learning options and encouraging communication between students and instructors. Quantitative studies reveal that the majority of students have a high preference for online learning over traditional classroom instruction. Additionally, they report improved academic accomplishment, increased levels of engagement, and greater satisfaction with their learning outcomes. The research does, however, also highlight a number of challenges, including the importance of digital literacy and the requirement for consistent technological access.Item Investigating the lexical innovations in gen z language variations in recent years(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Hadiqa HaroonThis research investigates different language trends, sociocultural factors and communication styles influencing linguistic behaviors and innovations in Gen Z language. It examines that how language of Gen Z is shaped by technology, social media, identity expression and globalization. The aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding of lexical innovations including slangs, memes, neologisms and other digital elements used by Gen Z. A mixed method approach integrating both qualitative and quantitative data is incorporated in this research. In order to examine the linguistic borrowings and semantic changes across different cultures and languages, data is collected from various social media platforms including Instagram, Facebook and X. Findings reveal that social identity, digital culture and cultural exchange are the factors that influence the linguistic patterns of Gen Z. The research concludes that there are implications for education, business marketing, social interactions, communication strategies and cultural representations. It also provides an understanding of societal impact on language trends and evolution.Item Investigating the Effects of Machine Translation Tools on Second Language Acquisition (SLA)(UMT.Lahore, 2024) UMAIMA SHAKEELThis research aims at analysing the effects of MT on SLA in English-Urdu and Urdu-English translation by focusing on the students’ perspective. Given that machine translation technologies are now a part of language learning, it is important to understand the impact that they have on learners. This study adopts a survey and interview method to obtain data from students who use these tools in their learning institutions. The study shows that people have different perceptions towards machine translation as it is seen as useful for understanding and practice but at the same time it has drawbacks such as overdependence and inaccuracy. Thus, this research advances the current discussion on the use of technology in SLA and provides specific suggestions for teachers and developers of language learning technologies. Therefore, it is the objective of this research to identify and discuss the positive and negative effects of machine translation from the students’ point of view in order to guide the improvement of the integration of such tools in learning institutions.Item Analyzing linguistic patterns and persuasion techniques in Imran khan's political speeches(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Ghulam MurtazaThis study investigates the linguistic patterns and persuasion techniques employed by Imran Khan in his political speeches, specifically analyzing four key speeches: His speech during the Belt and Road Forum held in Beijing (2019), during 76th Session of United Nations General Assembly (2021), his statement on Pulwama attack and interview with Al Arabiya. Analyzing the text, the study uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a theoretical framework by applying Fairclough’s three-dimensional model. The research interest resides on the rhetoric choices that Khan employs, including the rhetorical appeals, topics and motifs as well as language features in order to build credibility, appeal to emotions and create reasonableness. The study also considers topics that demonstrate how Khan uses inclusive language, personal pronouns, and powerful metaphors to spread his message and recruit followers. Conducting lexical, syntactic, semantic, and discourse analyses on the speeches given by Imran Khan, the study establishes four major discursive themes of economic reforms, anti-corruption drive, nationalism, and unity among the country’s people. The analysis of ethos, pathos, logos, and Kairos as persuasion strategies also underscores Khan’s skills in appealing to and engaging various broad audiences, as well as explaining political topics to them. This research can be viewed as a useful addition to the body of knowledge about political discourse as it presents a rich analysis of the language utilized by a modern political figure. By elucidating the techniques Khan employs to assert his political ideology and leadership, the research offers insights into the dynamics of political communication and its impact on public perception and international diplomacy.Item Exploring the interplay between English and Pashto discourse markers: an undergraduates' perspective(UMT.Lahore, 2024) Nida MumshadThe study aims to explore the interplay between English and Pashto Discourse markers; the research brings forward the problems faced by the Yousafzai Pashto Learners (YPL) while using discourse markers. The research targets to discover the syntactic and pragmatic problems YPL face while using English discourse markers. Theoretical underpinning includes interlanguage theory by Selinker (1972) which suggests that the learners of second language create an interlinked linguistic system which incorporates the features of their native language with the target language. The data is collected through purposive sampling by 27 undergraduate learners whose 1st language is the Yousafzai Pashto. The data is collected through questionnaire and interviews; the questionnaire data is analyzed through descriptive statistics whereas interview questions are examined through thematic analysis. The results show that YPL face difficulties while using discourse markers in general and particularly using Topic shifter marker and counter-argument connectives are determined as the most challenging ones due to the specific meaning they have in the Yousafzai Pashto language, which lack direct equivalent in English language.