Department of Islamic Thought and Civilization

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/720

The Department of Islamic Thought and Civilization (DITC) was established in January 2008. DITC offers MS/MPhil in Islamic Thought and Civilization followed by a PhD program. The unique feature of this MPhil program is that it is opening its doors to all those who have completed 16 years of education in any discipline whether it is social or natural sciences, engineering, medicine, commerce, Islamic studies, languages, etc.

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Behind the economic crisis of the Muslim world
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Kashif Iqbal, Muhammad
The research undertaken was to study the different factors responsible for the economic crisis in Pakistan. All the Muslim countries are blessed with a lot of natural resources which are the backbone of their economy. The Gulf countries possess oil and gas resources which have made their economy very strong. The misery is that these natural resources are captured by the British and America which do not allow them to benefit much from the resources. As far as Pakistan’s economy is concerned, the most important factor of its crisis is dishonest leadership and lack of patriotism. Another internal factor that does not allow the economy to grow is illiteracy as the only and the easiest way to development is education. Beside this, there are some external factors which have crushed the economy of Pakistan. Among them, the most dangerous are India and America. America has pushed Pakistan into war on terror causing irreparable loss of life and property. Its aid is neither delivered nor utilized properly. America is also strengthening India in the Asian region supporting it with the supply of weapons, dollars and technology. Both have also joined hands to capture the natural resources in the Baluchistan province. India in itself has been hostile to Pakistan since its beginning. The hatred kept on growing as India always created problems for Pakistan. The most dangerous act of India is its blocking the rivers flowing to Pakistan. It has built many dams and hydropower projects on these rivers in the occupied Kashmir. This has disturbed the whole canal system of Pakistan giving a severe blow to the agrarian economy. The international powers favor India which has made the situation worse for Pakistan. In such an alarming situation, the economic crisis has gone worst because of bad governance and mismanagement within the state. Corruption has got deep roots and there is no check on it. Lawlessness and unemployment have given rise to crimes. All the politicians and the high officials are found indulged in economic crimes. The national wealth is looted and transferred to their foreign accounts. Unless these faults are overcome, there is no way to progress. If the state plays its role well and checks or minimizes at least the internal factors of economic crisis, Pakistan’s economy can become strong within very short time.
Bernard Lewis on Islam
(University of Management and Technology, 2011) Hanna-E-Kalbi
In his sixty years of career, Bernard Lewis emerged as the most celebrated and influential Oriental Scholar of America. His work on Islamic History is the cause of it being known to the European and American world. He has conveyed the knowledge about the pre-modern and modern Muslim world. Lewis has played a great role in formation of contemporary Middle Eastern history. His studies of rebellious Muslim sects, slaves, and Jews in Muslim societies broke new ground by expanding the scope of history beyond the palace and the mosque. It is crucial to study and analyze Bernard Lewis for he is the most cherished Western scholar. His advice and thoughts on the region's current events are sought by the most senior current and former members of the U.S. government. Though Lewis is a great scholar of Islamic, Middle Eastern and Ottoman History, there are some areas which need to be critically analyzed. Edward W. Said and A.L. Tibawi are great names among the critiques of Bernard Lewis. Said addresses the issues related to Arabs and Tibawi analyses him as a Zionist Jewish writer. However, I have addressed some other issues which can be ignored by a common Muslim, who does not understand the twists and curls of the language. Not understanding the way of writing of Oriental class of scholars can easily make one think what they right is unquestionable. This dissertation is an endeavor to distinct right from wrong in one of the widely read writers and thought provokers of West: Bernard Lewis.
Breaking the Barriers
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Syed Husnain Najeeb
existence, Pakistani historians and intellectuals have not been able to evolve consensus and He wanted Pakistanis to be a developed and educated modern nation. So a hub at a suitable place between india and Pakistancan easily depict Punjab Virsa (the biggest cultural part of Pakistanand india) which we are forgetting and multiple activities at a single place can give high approach for national and international events to happen and to promote our Virsa internationally. And can give us a supportive and clear positon at international market. Motto of quaid e azam clearly visible in his speech as coated above. He wanted to live in peace with india, and share. Being a part of common monarchy , we have a lot to share with each other for which we need some common platform to exchange knowledge, trade and exhibit our culture
The concept of the death in heidegger's thought
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2014) Farkhanda Yousaf
Death has multiple concepts and outlooks of various studies of both Science and Metaphysical approaches, and different cultural attitudes along with the diversity of personal and practical approaches towards it. Different civilizations behave and mourn differently towards this Universal phenomenon. That’s why; Religion, Philosophy and Science have varied concepts to resolve this mystical phenomenon by religious, logical and factual arguments, interviews, and analyzing surveys. But, still, this topic has remained unsolved. Death’s questioning revolves along the basic human instinctive need of curiosity that what happens after the death of our loved-ones, what is afterlife and what kind of the promise of reward by analyzing a moral life? Does death needs a God or gods to bring over the Universe? Or does it alone a powerful grudge over just humanity? These questions needs to be answered by the critical study of two dominant civilizations, Islamic and Western. These civilizations are being studied in the reference of the concept of death by their primary and secondary sources. Western Civilizational concept of death is being analyzed by a renowned phenomenological existentialist Martin Heidegger; while Islam’s concept of death is being taken from the Holy Quran and the Sunnah, which is also being examined judgmentally to criticize Heidegger’s. Along these civilizations, different ancient, dead, and living religions and varied western philosophical systems are being discussed to open the deepness and importance for the necessity of resolving the concept of death.
Conceptual paradigms of West and Islam: a study in terminology
(University of Management and Technology, 2011) Shafia Jamil
“Conceptual Paradigms of West and Islam: A Study in Terminology” is basically a comparison between concepts of two major civilizations of West and Islam. In this thesis Western worldview is discussed which primarily is based on Humanism, Secularism, Enlightenment etc. whereas Islamic worldview is a product of divine revelation. Comparing Epistemology of the two, it has been discussed that Scienticism, a product of Western worldview, is the source of Western knowledge, while divine knowledge is the source of Islamic Epistemology, without negating the subordinate role of reason. In the comparative study of religious terminologies, it has been noticed that the role of religion (Christianity) is limited in the Western society, while in Islamic paradigm religion (Deen) plays a pivotal role in organization and working of society and state. Political terminologies of Western and Islamic concepts have also been analyzed. It is pertinent to note that sovereignty in Western civilization belongs to humans and individuals while in Islamic civilization sovereignty belongs to Allah which leads to domination of Shariah (divine law) over human intellect but it does not negate role of reason rather it regulates it in the form of Ijtehad giving it a subordinate position.
Contribution of the gulen movement in educational reforms
(UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 2015) Fatima Ejaz
Fethullah Gulen is a Muslim scholar of Turkey who is a preacher, philosopher who have clear and effective concepts about the need and value of education in progressing societies. He is the motivating force behind a very original and humanistic movement called Hizmet Movement' which is a Turkish word meaning service movement. This emphasis of Gulen on education and selfless social service soon took the form of a movement commonly known as the Hizmet movement. This Hizmet Movement is thus a social movement. The name Hizmet in Turkey means self-less service. The Movement grew from a small group of people associated with Gulen in the late 1960s to millions of his fans and followers at the end of the century. The Hizmet movement's success is based on volunteer efforts on the part of people inspired and motivated by the elite vision of Fethullah Gulen. It began as a local service by a group of parents, teachers and students, and small business owners who gathered around the Turkish social philosopher Fethullah Gulen in the city of Izmir in Turkey. Since then the movement has continuously grown so much so that over the last 40 years it has become a transnational educational service program with hundreds of professional associations.
A critical evaluation of police reforms in Pakistan in the light of Islam
(University of Management and Technology, 2015) Zahid, Ghulam Rasul
Police is responsible for executing the primary most functions of the state concerning protection of life, property and honour of the citizens and maintaining law and order. This institution, a legacy of colonial period has historically been instrumental in exploitation and highhandedness in the hands of rulers to the utter disregard of their basic noble function. A multitude of Reforms Commissions have put forth elaborate recommendations. These proposed reforms as well as existing police system and the laws governing it need to be analyzed thread bare in the context of forces of history which have moulded the countenance and features of this most significant law enforcing state institution. Pakistan, being an ideological state, as set out in its Constitution, takes pride in Islam as its state religion. The police reforms and police laws must be reviewed and subjected to close scrutiny through the prism of Islamic teachings as encapsulated in Quran and Sunnah so that the chronic maladies eating into the vitals of this institution are properly diagnosed with a view to transforming it into a professional organization befitting a free Islamic Welfare State.
Daniel Pipes’Critique on Islam: A Case Study
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Sheikh, Sajid Iqbal
History of criticism on Islam is as old as the existence of Islam itself. Scholarly criticism has always been valuable to the researchers and intellectuals. Present-daycriticism demands evidence and logic of one’s thoughts. This case study investigateswhat evidence and logic Daniel Pipes has given in hisdecades-long critique on Islam.The study aims to examinestrength of Pipes argumentin the coinage of his terminology like Radical Islam, Militant Islam, Moderate Islam and Islamism etc in the light of sacred Islamic texts and renowned Islamic scholars of the contemporary world.Islam has been ruling in the world for a long time and it is considered as one of the main religions of the world in the present era. Being a widely acclaimed religion, Islam and its political history and futuristic approach has always been topic of a great debate among the scholars.This study will have a practical utility for the scholars around the world as it will enhance understanding about the basis on which the Muslims are being grouped.The study will further attempt to make it clear how far Daniel Pipes has been unbiased in his critique on Islam.
Dr. Ali Shariati on Islamic thought (an analytical study)
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Neelam Bano
Dr. Ali Sharīatī emerged on the intellectual horizons of Iran in 1970’s, and his ideas proved forerunner for the Islamic revolution. He believed that modernization would be reliable with traditional Islamic belief that’s why he was most popular among young revolutionaries of Iran. Sharīatī’s fame in Iran is that of a promoter and advocate of Revolution, a political activist, and a Sociologist. With his powerful pen and eloquent mode of expression he was able to provide the most complex scientific and sociological issues. His ideas have still strong resonance within Iranian society. This paper seeks to explore his biography and also underlines the major works through which he tried to regenerate the Muslim society. The paper probes into analysis of the intellectual contribution of Ali Sharīatī to Muslim thought by exploring his Islamic, sociological and political ideas and evaluation of his thought by other contemporary scholars.
English literature on seerah studies in Pakistan (21st century)
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Syed Tauqeer Mahmood
Seerah books of 21st century in English by Pakistani writers have been reviewed and compiled. In this thesis Seerah literature of 21st century brought under discussion in which different topics and multidimensional aspects of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) have been presented for the benefit of the readers. Lovers of Muhammad (S.A.W) consider this topic as a noble cause, so the conspicuous effort has been made to make it prominent that Seerah writing is a constant and permanent topic in the present era. The advent of Muhammad (S.A.W) as last prophet of Allah in the world scriptures such as Zoroastrianism, Hinduism, Christianity and Judaism has been mentioned. Muhammad (S.A.W) his superiority, exalt and reverence as shown by Allah and the responsibility of Muslim Ummah to defend his honour has been expressed. The heinous act of blasphemy of Prophet (PBUH) and its punishment as mentioned in Quran, Sunnah, verdicts of the companion of Holy Prophet, opinions and Fatawas of renowned Muslim scholars have been described realizing the dearth regarding the subject of blasphemy in the Seerah books of 21st century. The thesis writer has resorted to the original sources with utmost effort to make it more comprehensible and comprehensive to see this topic in its vast perspective. The Holy Prophet as an embodiment of peace, security and salvation is immensely necessary for the world in the present global scenario. It is a dire need of time for modern world and particularly the world of west to comprehend the personality of Muhammad (S.A.W) as role model to set aside all the prejudices about Islam and the Prophet of Islam, so that eternal peace and prosperity may be achieved. The work on Seerah by the Pakistani biographers of 21st century has been reviewed who have shown the greatest devotion and love to the last Prophet of Allah with his lasting Message.
Enlightenment and its impact on Muslim thought
(University of Management and Technology, 2013) Nazia Nisar
The Enlightenment, an intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th century made the Christian Europe go through a prolonged period of critical examination of the validity of its superstitious beliefs and spiritual vision. Challenging the blind following of both the monarchs and church's power and authority it promoted independent thinking and made science and reason the basis of the human society. Introduced into the Islamic world as a movement of tolerance, and free will after Napoleon's expedition to Egypt (1798) it succeeded in making the Muslims skeptical about their religion, civilization and thought. In fact Islam, a very progressive religion of peace and broadmindedness has an extremely sophisticated inbuilt system of keeping abreast with the evolutionary changes and urges every Muslim to use his intellectual powers, free thinking contemplation and reflection within the prescribed limits. Unlike Christianity there is absolutely no conflict between religion, science and research in the tenets of Islam and its traditional worldview. According to the divine teachings of Islam, education, the enlightenment and attainment of spiritual knowledge or insight is compulsory which frees man from a closed mind and all kinds of dogmas, doctrines and ideologies. This study looks for the Islamic roots of the Enlightenment in addition to tracing its effects on the Muslim thought. The findings of the study indicate that the colonizers of the Enlightenment harnessed Muslims and their resources for their self interests and capitalist expansion and imposed a colonist mindset among the intellectuals and scholars of the era. Despotism, fanaticism, economic poverty, under-development, political social and economic suppression are the by-products of the Enlightenment in the Islamic countries.
Hindu tahzeeb par muslim tahzeeb kay asraat
(University of Management and Technology, 2014) Abdurrafeh
Ilm-e-chemia mein musalmano ki khidmaat (1601 se 2012 tak)
(University of Management and Technology, 2014) Jamil Ahmad
The impact of deconstruction on Islamic thought
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Abida Khan
Ideologies are directly albeit not always perceptibly related to methodological and epistemological themes. Social psychology also reveals that knowledge depends upon the policy of rejection or incorporation of various philosophies. In the journey of human thought dawned the age of reason with the Era of Enlightenment. Gradually universal values and scientific method gained supremacy. And then all the grand narratives stood redundant and rejected giving rise to the need to re-search, re-analyze, and re-think every work done thus far with the aim to de-construct the now-discarded. This research studies the greatly admired post structural theory of deconstruction and its proponents in both the Western and Muslim civilizations to have a better understanding of it as well as evaluating its impact on the contemporary Muslim thought. The rationale of the study is a critical appraisal of the theoretical concepts in the Muslim world in response or reaction to the current epistemological influences from the West. This exploration led to the conclusion that the scholars of the Islamic world missed the point by going a bit too far as the Holy Quran and collections of authentic Ahadith explicitly state what Muslims should reject or incorporate. The remedy comprises updating the conventional way of thinking and interpreting things, acquiring the ability to think the unthinkable and the previously unthought, honest hard word, incessant striving for excellence, as well as discarding getting overwhelmed by whatever gains ‘currency’ in the largely impulsive Western thought.
The Impact of Deconstruction on Islamic Thought: A Critical Analysis of Mohammed Arkoun’s Work
(University of Management and Technology, 2012) Abida Khan
Ideologies are directly albeit not always perceptibly related to methodological and epistemological themes. Social psychology also reveals that knowledge depends upon the policy of rejection or incorporation of various philosophies. In the journey of human thought dawned the age of reason with the Era of Enlightenment. Gradually universal values and scientific method gained supremacy. And then all the grand narratives stood redundant and rejected giving rise to the need to re-search, re-analyze, and re-think every work done thus far with the aim to de-construct the now-discarded. This research studies the greatly admired post structural theory of deconstruction and its proponents in both the Western and Muslim civilizations to have a better understanding of it as well as evaluating its impact on the contemporary Muslim thought. The rationale of the study is a critical appraisal of the theoretical concepts in the Muslim world in response or reaction to the current epistemological influences from the West. This exploration led to the conclusion that the scholars of the Islamic world missed the point by going a bit too far as the Holy Quran and collections of authentic Ahadith explicitly state what Muslims should reject or incorporate. The remedy comprises updating the conventional way of thinking and interpreting things, acquiring the ability to think the unthinkable and the previously unthought, honest hard word, incessant striving for excellence, as well as discarding getting overwhelmed by whatever gains ‘currency' in the largely impulsive Western thought.
The impact of Europe on the economy of muslim colonies: A case study of the Indian subcontinent
(UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 2012) Zahra Shafiq
The focal point of this study is a comparison between the economic conditions of the Indian sub-continent, one of the many colonies of the Great Britain, before the arrival of the East India Company in India and till the end of the British rule. In this regard statistical evidence has been compiled in a tabular form to show the actual situation in a clear way. Moreover, the conclusions drawn from the statements of some well-known English officers employed in the Sub-continent during that time period by the Great Britain have been included. As my study is related to history so the old books about the history of that time period and area helped me to gather facts and figures about the condition of the Indian economy before and during the British rule. Interestingly, India had been a much advanced and enlightened civilization since 17th century. The rate of literacy in India at that time period, despite its strictly conventional education system, had been higher than that in England and even in the rest of the Europe. Similarly, in all probability, the Indian Sub-continent was way ahead in the provision of civic facilities too. The general condition of common people in Europe was awful and compared very unfavorably with the conditions prevailing in the Indian Sub-continent during that time.
Islahe-moashrah aur Khurram Muead kay Afkaar ka Jaizah
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Muhammad Asif
Joint family system in perspective of Islam
(UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 2015) Zahoor, Tayyba
The family is a universally recognized institution the establishment and survival of a successful society always depends upon the institution of a family. Family is also regarded as the building block of society. Basically family belongs to social group based upon blood relation consisting of a few members such as father, mother and children. In di erent times the size of the family varies according to the changes in society. A family which consist of wife, husband, their parents, children, aunts, uncles, their children called joint or extended family system. On the other hand a family which consists of father, mother and their children called nuclear family system. Both kind of family structure practiced in di erent cultures and societies. Joint or extended family system is especially practiced among agricultural societies. Because in agriculture atmosphere the more and more people are needed joint family system is a signi cant characteristic of the sub-continent. The various members of the family tied primarily through paternal bonds live together. They share their joys and sorrows. However, they also cultivate mutual jealousy. The family unity not only re ects strength and prestige but also eclipses personal liberty and innovative thinking. According to the views of di erent Anthropologist joint families or suitable for agrarian societies where vast lands needs care, cultivation and maintenance. In fact di erent cultures and societies are adopted suitable family structure according to their cultures, customs, myths, religious behavior, and social needs. Islam being a universal or harmonious religion never appose or like any speci c family structure. The Quranic legislation and Mohammad's administrative practice de ne the limitation and liberty being a Muslim. As Muslims we have clear and e ective concepts about sanctity of kinship, rights and duties of parents, wife and husbands, children and brother and sister also. The concept of veil in Islam de ne the position and place of woman in a family. Islam always emphasize to look after the old parents and deal them with love, care and a ection. On the other hand the relationship between wife and husband is sacred. The relationship of man with their children, brothers and sisters also considers very important. So its crystal clear that a man has rights and duties over his family. Islam never give permission to violate the sanctity of kinship in any circumstances. Its not necessary to live in nuclear or joint family system. The most important thing is that a man should full edged her duties towards relatives properly. Di erent cultures have their own family structure or pattern. Actually the family structure belongs to their social customs which practiced generation to generation. In some places di erent kinds of movements actually e ects family structure on large scale. Industrialization and Urbanization are the most in uenced movements which e ects the institution of family.
Leadership development in the light of Seerat-un-Nabi (PBUH)
(UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 2015) Muhammad Rafi
Leadership is a must need of all the segments of society. May it be a home, tribe, business office, organization private or public, political party or national government, it can’t function without leadership. Leadership always exists; however, it is not necessarily good and effective. In this chapter first we will look in to literal and conceptual meanings of leader & leadership and then their importance, traits, characteristics and related theories in brief.
Living a healthy life a comparative study of Islamic perspective and modern medical science
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2015) Mahboob Bhatti, Hira
Health is universally regarded as a science that is a basic right of a human being. In our age of Science and Technology, Life of a person has become fast and busy. As there is an atmosphere of competition. Everyone wants to exceed in the race of Materialism. As a result, most of the people pay its price at a loss of their Health. Moreover, mostly people are unaware of what to do and what not to do for maintaining their health. A healthy and happy life is no accident, in addition to healthy genes it depends on good habits of mind and body. By following Islamic teachings, one is already adopting good habits of mind and body. Take for example the beliefs how they nurture positive attitudes, worship and rituals how they train a person to take seriously social responsibilities and moral values how they help in building personal relationships. Similarly, by expressly forbidding drinking alcohol, smoking, gambling and eating pork, Islam has laid solid foundations for a healthy lifestyle, a safe and hygienic way of living.

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