BS,DNS,DPT, MIU, 2025
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Item Evaluation of the efficacy of punica granatum peel powder on acne vulgaris(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Areesha Shahzad; Iman Ashraf; Ayesha Ahmad; Rehmaat GulfamAcne vulgaris is a long-lasting inflammatory skin disease that has a prevalence of 9.4% in the world population and 85 percent in adolescents. It has a number of factors in its development: Cut bacterium acnes colonization, over production of sebum, hyper keratinization of follicles, and inflammation. Traditional medications such as benzoyl peroxide, retinoid, and antibiotics tend to irritate the skin, dry it up and make it photosensitive. Also, antibiotic resistance is increasing with more than 50 percent of C. acnes strains resistant to clindamycin in certain areas. This paper has considered pomegranate peel powder (PPP)-an agricultural waste by-product abundant in bioactive components-as a natural multi-targeted alternative to acne treatment. There was a randomized controlled trial of 40 acne patients (12-24 years old) to an topical (n = 20) in an experimental group PPP or an experimental group (n = 20) taking no treatment/placebo. In more than 8 weeks, PPP efficacy was measured in terms of acne lesion counts, microbial analysis of C. acnes, and safety analysis. The outcome of the results indicated a high decrease in the acne lesions. The effectiveness of PPP is based on its exclusive phytochemical profile. Polyphenols are found in the peel at 250-500 mg/g (compared to 10- flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) and tannins, which synergistically act together with 50mg/g in pulp/juice) to sum up, pomegranate peel powder is effective, well-tolerated, and sustainable treatment of mild-to-moderate acne. It targets various mechanisms of pathogenesis and circumvents the shortcomings of the existing treatments. Future studies ought to be directed at standardized formulations (e.g. gels/ creams), long term safety studies and possible synergies with other botanicals such as tea tree oilItem Antioxidant -rich eggplant tea(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Hurain Fatima; Isha Tariq; Manahil Mazhar; Momina AmanPeople now focus more on sustainable food methods and waste systems which drives interest in using agricultural waste materials as functional food elements. Eggplants are rich in bioactive compounds that exist in their discarded peel because these compounds contain phenolics and flavonoids which act as powerful antioxidants. Studies document the positive health outcomes that occur when consuming phenolic-rich plant extracts because these compounds successfully fight oxidative stress alongside chronic diseases. The research literature lacks information regarding eggplant peel utilization in beverage production methods especially when used as tea bag ingredients. This research analyzed the antioxidant properties of eggplant peel to create tea bags from eggplant peel and measured sensory quality for verifying its potential usage as a functional beverage. The creation of eggplant peel tea involved different extraction times between 2 to 10 minutes in order to study both its bioactivity and consumer acceptance. Testing the antioxidant potential of eggplant peel tea extraction required measurements of Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity together with Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP). The bioactive compound yield increased substantially when the extraction time was extended to 10 minutes because TPC, TFC, DPPH and FRAP reached maximum levels during this time period. Extended extraction times produced better antioxidant effects but sensory analysis showed that the long extraction duration resulted in undesirable changes to color and texture, taste and overall eating quality making 6-minute results most appealing to consumers. The research demonstrates eggplant peel tea serves as a practical functional drink that both protects health and supports productive waste management of food resources. The research demonstrates effective waste reuse in agriculture thus supporting Sustainable Development Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Extended research on eggplant peel tea should concentrate on developing novel extraction methods as well as stability assessment and medical verification of the product's health advantages to improve market potentialItem The association between social media, dietary ergogenic aids, AAS, and SARMS(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Isma Khalid; Tehreem Fatima; Maryam Bashir; Zarish Ali; Zishma QamarBackground: The availability of dietary supplements that promise to improve physical performance or alter body composition is surging globally. Despite being intended for elite athletes, it is believed that young individuals using gyms for amusement ingest them. Reports indicate a high incidence of use of these supplements of 44.9%. Objective: The objective of this study was to provide contemporary data on the use of dietary supplements, AAS and SARM among young male gym users, and find if social media is associated with the use of dietary supplements, AAS and SARM, as a result of a negative body image. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted including 85 gym going males. The data collected by using self-administered questionnaire and BASS. Informed consent took before collecting data through questionnaire. This study has no risks to subjects. Results: The mean ± SD age of gym going males was 21.7 ± 2.45 years. Most of the gym going males did not use any dietary supplements 42 (49.4%), protein powders were used by 19 (22.4%), 17 (20%) used multivitamins, and 7 (8.2%) used creatine, 12 (14.1%) used anabolic steroids and 7 (8.2%) gym going males used SARMS. Conclusion: Young male gym goers utilize a disproportionate amount of dietary supplements, with AAS and SARM, protein powder being the most popular. The usage of dietary supplements, AAS and SARMS were positively correlated with social media usage.Item Development and evaluation of a probiotic fruit juice fermented with ginger bug(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Khoula Nadeem; Khadija Rajab; Fateen Sajjad; Aqsa IlyasIn the world, where soft drinks and processed packaged juices with artificial flavor, additives, high sugar and preservatives, with very low or no nutritional values are used in high demand this study aims to brink a naturally fizzy drink with probiotic benefits. In addition to this this study bring lactose free option of natural probiotic food for people who have lactose malabsorption, want dairy free life or following vegan diet because nobody can deny the importance of probiotics. This study covers the process of developing and testing a fermented probiotic drink from ginger bug to bring a fizzy and palatable beverage for consumers mentioned above. Ginger bug is a natural culture, made from fresh chopped ginger, sugar and water. It is regularly fed with sugar and ginger to keep active and reach maximum microbial activity. When we ferment them in a suitable temperature fermentation produce bacteria like lactobacillus and yeast that makes it probiotics rich and beneficial for human consumption. In our study we used, active ginger bug as starter to ferment pineapple fruit juice in clean and sterilized bottles for a day at room temperature. In this process, yeast converts the sugar into carbon dioxide, making it fizzy and tangy fruit juice drink and Lactobacillus drops pH of drink to protect beneficial microbes. Microbiology lab test, Total viable count confirmed the presence of 140 million CFU/ml alive microbes in ginger bug starter and 540 million CFU/ml in fermented juice which makes the drink probiotic rich. The microbial profiling showed presence of yeast and lactobacillus both beneficial to human. The sensory evaluation concluded the positive attitude towards the drink.Item Development and evaluation of fermented guava leaf tonic as a functional probiotic drink(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Rameen Sajjad; Zeenat Fatima; Nabiha AbbasThis study responds to the growing demand for functional, non-dairy probiotic beverages by formulating and evaluating a fermented tonic from Psidium guajava leaves. Guava leaves, rich in bioactive compounds such as quercetin and gallic acid, were combined with probiotic fermentation to develop a synergistic functional drink. Two formulations were prepared: Batch 1, using sucrose as the fermentation substrate, and Batch 2, incorporating guava fruit pulp. Fermentation proceeded over four days (72 hours) with daily pH monitoring, supplemented by qualitative assessments including Gram staining and the methylene blue reduction test. A 30-member sensory panel evaluated the final products using a 7-point hedonic scale. Both batches achieved successful fermentation, reaching pH ≤ 4.5 by Day 4, with final values of 4.2 (Batch 1) and 4.3 (Batch 2). Gram staining revealed predominant Gram-positive rods, consistent with lactic acid bacteria. Methylene blue decolorized completely within 30 minutes on Day 4, indicating strong microbial activity and an actively reducing environment consistent with lactic acid fermentation. Sensory evaluation showed a statistically significant preference for Batch 2 in aroma and taste, while overall acceptability did not differ significantly between batches. The study demonstrates the feasibility of producing a palatable, plant-based probiotic beverage from guava leaves with confirmed microbial activity and consumer-preferred sensory attributes when fruit pulp is included. These findings support the hypothesis that fermentation enhances functional properties, offering a promising avenue for novel plant-based probiotic beverages.Item Development of web-based tool for carbohydrates count and hydration status tracking for diabetic patients (Type 2)(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Ayesha Khaliq; Faizan Ijaz; Hadia Tahir; Samreen AshrafType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread and increasing health challenge in Pakistan and it is considered as a lifestyle issue among millions due to the lack of disease awareness. This condition is managed also by effective management of oneself which includes proper carbohydrate counting, adequate hydration and many others. Nonetheless, the majority of the available digital diabetes management tools target Western populations and miss localization through the language, food content, and the ability to use them by older adults. The purpose of this research was to create and test a web-based formulation that will suit the requirements of diabetic patients with Type 2 in Pakistan. This tool incorporated a localized carbohydrate counter, tailored around Pakistani foods, a system to track hydration appropriate to the user in the context of age and weight, and an approachable Urdu interface. It was decided to use a mixed-methods design, including the development of some tools, which were pilot-tested with sixteen diabetic patients in Lahore, and quantitative and qualitative feedback analysis of such tools. The findings revealed that the participants have gained major improvements in their knowledge related to the intake of carbohydrates and hydration. Reported changes in behavior involved food preferences and intake of water. The tool was given a high score on usability, the cultural applicability, perceived usefulness. These results indicate that a customized local-based digital solution can be considerably helpful in the self-management of diabetes in underrepresented groupsItem Predictive analysis in public health using AI(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Rabia Hanif; Zara Arshad; Minahil Shafiq; Bareera AftabAnxiety is very common in young adults, but stigma and lack of access make it hard to screen for it regularly. Behavioral proxies might help find it early without being intrusive. This cross-sectional analytical study examined Pakistani young adults (18–25 years) online, utilising the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire R18 (TFEQ-R18) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) to investigate the correlations between eating behaviours and anxiety, and to create an AI-based classifier of anxiety severity based solely on eating patterns. We used standardised Google Forms, informed consent, and ethical approval from the department; we examined 542 complete responses from an online survey across Pakistan (UMT ethics clearance). The eating-behavior instrument demonstrated acceptable reliability (TFEQ-R18 Cronbach’s α=0.841). Spearman correlations indicated that uncontrolled eating (UE) and emotional eating (EE) exhibited a strong correlation with GAD-7 scores (ρ=0.266, pItem Gender based physiological response to heat adaptation and their nutritional practices in athletes(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Laiba Dildar; Khunsha Amjad; Kinza Tanveer; Fatima ShabbirIt is important to understand the gender impact on the heat acclimatisation and nutrition intake for core temperature regulation to optimise athletes' performance and reduce heat-related health issues during extreme conditions. The current study aims to assess the physiological response of athletes based on their gender, nutritional intake and core temperature regulation. The study adopted the cross-sectional design and a quantitative methodology for further empirical analysis. A survey questionnaire was established, and data were collected from a sample of 250 athletes from different cities in Pakistan. The data was collected from male and female athletes through a purposive sampling strategy. The statistical analysis was based on SPSS tests, including descriptive analysis, t-test, correlation, multiple linear regression and chi-square tests. The H1 was showing partial significance between gender (male and female) and core temperature regulation among athletes. This is due to the differences in male and female body functions. Male athletes were showing more effective thermoregulatory responses as compared to females, but the difference was negligible. The results for H2 show a significant relationship between nutrient intake and core temperature regulation of athletes. Moreover, Athletes who consume adequate electrolytes and fluids indicate better heat tolerance and recovery during hot weather. This shows that accilimation and hydration can play an important role as compared to gender difference alone. The findings contribute to the development of more effective training, recovery, and safety protocols for athletes in extreme environmental conditions.Item Ultrasonographic frequency of polycystic ovarian syndrome in different socio economic population of lahore(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Breera Usmani Rana; Bisma Mansoob; Dua Talib; Iqra Mansoob; Maiza Noor; Maha AkbarObjective: To determine the frequency of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) diagnosed through ultrasonography among women belonging to different socioeconomic groups in Lahore. Aim of study: This study uses ultrasonography to identify PCOS prevalence in Lahore women, addressing knowledge gaps, socioeconomic inequalities, and inadequate detection methods, despite high incidence in Pakistan. Methodology: There were 170 women in the study, ranging in age from 18 to 45. Participants were divided into three demographic groups based on occupation, income, and level of education: high, middle, and low. For qualitative variables, percentages and frequencies will be employed and the data was expressed as Pie chart and Bar chart. Data was collected from multiple medical sectors of Lahore. Results: The analysis showed that more than half of the patients i.e.: 89 (52.35%) belongs to middle class and their monthly house hold income was 50,000-150,000, most of them were graduated (35.29%). 50 (29.4%) belongs to upper class, mostly were graduated and post graduated. 31 (18.23%) belongs to lower class, their income was >50,000, among them majority have studied up to primary level (13.52%). The study showed the mean ± S.D of left ovary was 15.65±4.86 and right ovary was 15.96±4.95. Mean ± S.D of left ovarian volume was 11.43±3.55 and right ovarian volume was 12.02±2.48. Conclusion: Our results show the connection between income, occupation, and education and socioeconomic position. PCOS is most common in the middle class, probably because of a combination of sedentary lifestyles, processed foods, and moderate access to healthcare, which enables more diagnoses than in the lower classes. While lower class women are underdiagnosed, upper class women are perhaps at comparable risks but profit from early prevention. PCOS patients need tailored treatments for improved diagnosis and treatment.Item Fetal echocardiographic analysis of myocardial thickness and septal integrity in gestational diabetic patients and its association with family history of diabetes(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Balqees Afzaal; Laiba Naveed; Abdul Hakeem; Mahnam Ali; Anooshay Hania; Huda Mohammad NadimBackground: Up to this point, Fetal Echocardiographic Analysis of Myocardial Thickness, and Septal Integrity in Gestational Diabetic Patients and its Association with Family History of diabetes have not been accounted in Pakistan. We directed research to explore the insight using imaging element echocardiography modality for analysis of myocardial thickness and septal integrity in GDM patient along with their family history of diabetes. Aim: This study aims to evaluate early cardiac and septal changes caused by gestational diabetes and its association with family history of Diabetes. Methods: It was a cross sectional, prospective study conducted at the Echocardiography Department of “The Children Hospital Lahore”. A sample size of 89 participants with gestational diabetes was studied within the duration of 2 months. SPSS is used for statistical analysis. Results: In this study there were 89 pregnant females that have Gestational Diabetes 77 (86.5%) had a family history of diabetes, while 12 (13.5%) did not. When analyzed with septal thickness category 83.15% female with family history of diabetes exhibit septal hypertrophy and 3.37% were normal. A statistically significant (P = 0.007) association lies between family history of diabetes and septal thickness. EF were normal in majority of cases and it was statistically insignificant (p= 0.691). In the LVDd category, 56.18% of all patients with decreased LVDd had a family history of diabetes statistically significant (p= 0.006). Conclusion: In conclusion, investigation of 89 patients of GDM myocardial thickness and septal integrity has a statistically significant result with family history of diabetes.Item The radiological association of renal and ureteric calculi with hydronephrosis and hydroureter on CT scan(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Anamta Fatima; Ifra Mukhtar; Alaiba Maqsood; Ali Inam; Abdullah Khalid; Abdullah NazakatAbdominal and flank pain are frequently caused by kidney and ureteric stones (urolithiasis), which are frequently linked to complications including hydronephrosis and hydroureter, which can seriously impair renal function if they are not identified and treated right once. Using computed tomography (CT) scans, this study sought to assess the radiological correlation between renal and ureteric calculi with hydronephrosis and hydroureter in individuals exhibiting symptoms suggestive of urinary tract blockage. Seventy-five patients at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital in Lahore participated in a cross-sectional observational study. To determine the existence and severity of renal and ureteric calculi, as well as the presence of hydronephrosis and hydroureter, each participant had a CT scan. According to the findings, 74.7% of the patients had renal calculi, and 66.7% had ureteric calculi. Sixty percent of the cases had hydronephrosis, and thirty-four percent had hydroureters. The most prevalent grades of hydronephrosis were mild and mild-to moderate, but severe instances were less common. A substantial correlation between hydronephrosis and ureteric calculi was shown by statistical analysis using Chi-square tests (p = 0.046). This suggests that ureteric stones are a major source of obstruction of the urinary tract that results in hydronephrosis. Furthermore, a significant correlation (p = 0.004) was observed between bilateral renal calculi and higher grades of hydronephrosis, indicating that a heavier stone burden could lead to more severe blockage. There were no significant correlations found between hydronephrosis and either gender (p = 0.184) or renal calculi (p = 0.828), suggesting that these variables may not be directly related in this situation. These results demonstrate the value of CT scanning as a potent diagnostic technique for assessing calculi in the urinary system and related obstructive issues. Clinicians can prevent irreparable kidney damage and improve patient outcomes by using CT imaging to make an early and accurate diagnosis that can help them start the right medication or surgical therapies.Item Lung patterns diagnosed on HRCT in patients with acute inflammatory pulmonary disease(UMT, Lahore, 2025) ROMAISA NADEEM; BAKHTAWAR SAEED; ABEER SHAHZAD; AQSA ATTA; ARSHIA MUBEEN ASIF; SEHRISH QASIMA CT scan is widely used diagnostic Imaging modality that aids in the diagnosis of various pulmonary conditions. Among its advancements high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) stands out as the most sensitive technique for evaluating diffuse lung diseases due to its thin-slice imaging, high spatial resolution, and ability to reconstruct images in multiple planes. This study aims to analyze the lung patterns diagnosed on HRCT in patients with acute inflammatory pulmonary disease and its correlation with age and gender. This observational study done by convenient sampling included the sample size of 59 patients (26 females and 32 males) calculated by G- power formula. The study involved 18 years and older people of both genders (male and female). Confirmed diagnosis of acute inflammatory lung disease on HRCT. Patients with informed consent were included. The patients who were having chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and non-acute pulmonary diseases were excluded. Patient’s demographics were documented. In order to collect data HRCT scans were performed on the patients having symptoms of pulmonary diseases, then consent was taken from the patients who agreed. Patient reports were collected. The data analysis was done by using SPSS softwareV25.Results: 59 patients were included in this study and higher prevalence was in age 39-59 age people. The most common findings were consolidation in(55.9%) and pleural effusion in 47.5% patients. Less common findings were peripheral thickening (8.5%) , cardiomegaly(6.8%), cavitation(10.2%) ,fibrotic band (15.3%) and lymphadenopathy(20.3%). The most frequent symptom was cough (44.1%). The HRCT enables timely and accurate diagnosis, which and minimizes the need for invasive diagnostic methods .While age and gender differences were relatively less. The study population primarily consisted of middle-aged to older adults, with a vii slightly higher number of female participants. Most patients showed significant bilateral lung involvement along with various pulmonary patterns.Item Evaluation of left ventricular wall motion abnormalities using gated spect in rest and stress conditions: implications for cardiac risk assessment in pakistani population(UMT, Lahore, 2025) MILHA NOOR; NISHA BIBI; SHAHAR BANO; ROMAISA AKRAM; MAHAM RAZZAQ; ATTIA NAZBackground: Gated SPECT is an established technique for assessment of left ventricular function and wall motion abnormalities in cardiac disease patients. However there is a little information of cardiac abnormalities in both rest test and stress test. This study is established to check the diagnostic accuracy of cardiac diseases in both rest and stress test. Methods: Patient undergo both rest test and stress test. An IV line is inserted, and an ECG machine is connected to monitor heart activity. A small amount of a radioactive tracer, such as Tc-99m sestamibi or thallium-201, is injected into the IV line. And take rest cardiac image. Then after 24 hr patient undergo stress test by pharmacological stress or physical stress and again radiotracer is injected and image is taken. Results: A total 125 patients were enrolled in this study comprising 49 females (39.2%) and 76 males (60.8%). The prevalence of cardiac disease is more prone in male and aged patients. With the significance level of pItem Phase dependent variations in cardiovascular fitness and perceived exertion across the menstrual phases(UMT, Lahore, 2025) MALEEHA JAVED; MARYUM ASHRAF; AMNA RAMZANBackground: The menstrual cycle involves hormonal variation that can affect cardio vascular fitness and perceived exertion in women. Understanding these menstrual cycle related variations is a key for personalizing exercise and training program for women. Objectives: This study is conducted to examine the differences in cardio vascular fitness and perceived exertion across the different menstrual phases in women aged 18-30 years. Study Design: Cross sectional study was conducted with 183 participants to evaluate the cardio vascular fitness and perceived exertion by using queens’ college step test and Borg rating scale respectively. Data was taken from the University of management and technology. Demographic and menstrual phases information were gathered via self-reporting. Results: Descriptive analysis shows that the largest population of the participant were in luteal phase (44.8%) relevant to the follicular (21.3%), menstrual 17.5 and the ovulatory phase (15.3%) with a small portion of 1.1% who are unsure about the phase. Most of the data were collected in the morning time (55.7%) while the fewer is in afternoon (29.0%) and (15.3%) is in the evening. Although the Chi-Square test reveals no statistically significant association between the physical exertion and the different menstrual phase of the women with the value (χ² (24) = 20.520, p = 0.667). Descriptive analysis of the data shows that participants in the luteal phase frequently reporting hard, very hard exertion as compared to the other phase. Similarly, there is no association between the menstrual phases and the test completion with the value (χ² (4) = 4.748, p = 0.314). participants in all the phases have equally completed the test. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study adds to the expanding literature indicating that the phase of the menstrual cycle by itself does not significantly influence perceived exertion in cardiovascular fitness assessments. Nevertheless, increasing exertion during the luteal phase and previous findings of phase-specific reactions in specific circumstances underscore the significance of acknowledging individual differences.Item Prevalence of neck pain and functional disability and its association with working hours among aestheticians(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Amreen Khan; Komal; Javeria RasheedBackground: Neck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal complaint among professionals , such aestheticians. Their repetitive forward head posture, sustained neck flexion, and extende working hours contribute to functional disability and reduced quality of life. Objective: To determine the prevalence of neck pain and associated functional disability, and to examine its relationship with working hours among estheticians. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among estheticians from selected salons and beauty centers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire including demographics (age, gender, body mass index, working experience, and working hours) and validated clinical tools: the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Data analysis was performed using SPSS; descriptive statistics were used to determine prevalence and association with working hours and chi-square was applied to assess associations between variables. Results: The prevalence of neck pain among participants was moderate. Based on NPRS, 9.7% reported mild pain, 59.2% moderate, and 31.1% severe. NDI scores indicated 16.5% with mild disability, 3.1% with moderate, and 31.1% with severe disability and 21.4 %have complete disability . A significant positive correlation was found between daily working hours and both NPRS scores (r = 0.00, p < 0.05) and NDI scores (r = 0.00, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Neck pain and functional disability are highly prevalent among estheticians, with longer working hours significantly associated with higher pain and disability levels. Preventive ergonomic strategies, regular breaks, and posture correction exercises are recommended to reduce the burden of neck pain in this occupational group.Item Correlation between upper cross syndrome and smart phone addiction in university students(UMT, Lahore, 2025) EMAN IFTIKHAR; ISHA HASEEN; SYEDA MUQADASSmartphone handing is a core component of daily life in the world. As smartphones are usual in our society, excessive use and habit have grown into critical issue. Excessive smartphone use is linked to upper cross syndrome leading to potential pain. The aim of the study was to find the impact of smartphone addiction on upper cross syndrome among university students in Lahore. The data was collected from 167 participants which included both males and females of age 19- 24 years, with usage duration > 4 hours. Smartphone addiction was measured by SAS-SV smartphone addiction may not be an indicator of hand function in university students. In order to investigate the relationship between Upper Cross Syndrome and smartphone addiction, this study examined data from 167 college students (121 females and 46 males). 23.9% were underweight, 54.4% were healthy, 19.16% were overweight, and 2.4% were obese, according to the BMI distribution. The average SAS SV score was 44.37±6.64 and the average age was 21.51±1.51 years. 35.9% on the Pectoralis Major Contracture Test, 65.3% on the Middle Trapezius Weakness Test, and comparable trends for the Lower Trapezius were among the positive results. There was no discernible link between posture and smartphone addiction, as evidenced by the modest ( r = 0.07 to 0.15) and non-statistically significant (p > 0.05) Pearson correlations with SAS-SV scoreItem Association of depression with Fatigue, sleep alteration and mood swings among postmenopausal faculty and staff of universities in Lahore(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Rubab Riaz; RAB Nawaz; Fateeha SaeedMenopause, a significant physiological change in a woman's life, is often accompanied by a range of physical, emotional, and psychological symptoms. This study looked into the associations between postmenopausal women who are faculty and staff at universities in Lahore, Pakistan, and mood swings, depression, fatigue, and sleep issues. Using a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design, data were collected from a conveniently sampled group of postmenopausal women who had experienced amenorrhea for over 12 months. The study utilized validated questionnaires to assess symptom severity and interrelationships. The results showed that fatigue (45.8%), depressive symptoms (65.3% at moderate or higher levels), and poor sleep quality (80%) were also quite prevalent. Menopausal symptoms and depression showed a somewhat favorable link (r = 0.379), although sleep quality showed a mild correlation with both depression (r = 0.251) and fatigue (r = 0.170). However, there were no discernible correlations between the intensity of the symptoms and factors such years since menopause, type of menopause, or usage of hormone replacement therapy. It's interesting to note that surgical menopause was linked to poorer sleep quality but had no effect on fatigue or depression. These findings highlight the complex interplay between biological changes and psychological, behavioral, and personal factors in postmenopausal health issues. The results support multidisciplinary, holistic healthcare models that put individualized care ahead of standard treatment approaches. Improving postmenopausal women's well-being and quality of life, especially in institutional and professional contexts, requires addressing mental health, sleep hygiene, and workplace support networks.Item Prevalence of computer vision syndrome and its association with anxiety and choreiform symptoms in adults(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Muhammad Ibtisam Imtiaz; Iman Fayyaz; AmeeraBackground: Computer vision syndrome is a collection of eye and vision issues associated with activities that strain near eyesight that are encountered when using a computer. It is typified by visual symptoms brought on by interacting with a computer screen or its surroundings. The main symptoms of the eye that were communicated by employees are eyes strain stimulation, burning heat, redness, blurry vision, double vision. These symptoms are generally temporary and disappear at the end of the day. Anxiety is uncommon emotional reaction characterized by a mixture of feelings including worry, nervousness, fear and hopelessness. It can impact individuals of any age. Symptoms may include panic attacks, phobias, social anxiety, changes in appetite such as poor appetite or over eating and diminished interest in work or enjoyment in activities. Furthermore, these anxiety symptoms appear to be more pronounced in individuals with computer vision syndrome. Choreiform symptoms refer to involuntary and abnormal movements of various body parts resulting from persistent flow of random muscle contractions. This condition is classified as a neurological degenerative disorder, which may arrive from degeneration or potentially due to an infection. In patients with computer vision syndrome, certain choreiform symptoms have been frequently observed, such as irregular eye movements, which are attributed to dysfunction of basal ganglia, as these structures are responsible for controlling ocular movements.[1] Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in adults. Association of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) with anxiety, depression and subtle choreiform movements. Association of age with choreiform movements. Association of daily average screen time duration with CVS. Association of anxiety and depression. Association of anxiety and choreiform movements. Focusing on the prevalence of computer vision syndrome as well as its association with anxiety and choreiform symptoms in adults. This cross-sectional observational study aims to explore the inter-relationship between computer vision syndrome, psychological symptoms and choreiform movement in adults. The settings for the data collection were Machine learning 1, IBEX and Working Nomads. The tools used for the study were standardized CVS questionnaire, PHQ-9 scale for depression, GAD-7 scale for anxiety and abnormal involuntary movement scale (AIMS) questionnaire for choreiform movements. This study concludes that there is association between computer vision syndrome and screen time. It means alternative hypothesis is accepted. xii There is also a significant relationship between AIMS and age as well as in depression and anxiety. Furthermore, there is no association of computer vision syndrome with AIMS, anxiety and depression. In this case, the null hypothesis is accepted.Item Association between fear of movement, foot health status, and functionality among females with nontraumatic plantar foot pain(UMT, Lahore, 2025) AYESHA NOUMAN; SAMAN FATIMABackground: The fear-avoidance model postulates that individuals experiencing pain may develop heightened anxiety and apprehension about movement, resulting in avoidance behaviours that can ultimately lead to physical deconditioning, disability, and prolonged pain experiences. While biomechanical aspects are studied, psychological factors like kinesiophobia are less explored in this context. Objective: This study aimed to find the association between fear of movement, foot health status, and functionality among females with non-traumatic plantar foot pain. Method: A cross-sectional study was designed to collect data from 197 participants aged 18 to 50 years, using the Short Form of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Foot Function Index-Revised, and Foot Health Status Questionnaire. SPSS 29 was used for descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Pearson Correlation. Results: Results showed 83.4% reported no fear of movement, 50.5% no foot health issues, and 38.2% moderate foot function difficulty. Significant positive relationships existed among all variables, with the strongest correlation between fear of movement and psychological impact ($r=0.599, pItem Effectiveness of osteopathic positional release and stretch of popliteal muscle in reducing pain and improving knee function, range of motion and lower extremity function in elderly knee osteoarthritis patients(UMT, Lahore, 2025) Tehreem Malik; Muskan Jamil; Javeria IkhlaqThis study is a randomized control trial conducted to test the hypothesis that osteopathic positional release is effective for the managing of symptoms for knee osteoarthritis in elderly patients. This should lead to an improvement in pain intensity, flexion, extension, mobility and overall knee function. A randomized control setup for the experiment has been established and 28 participants are selected. They are selected on the basis that they are all within the age range of 50-65 years and all have grade 2 or 3 knee osteoarthritis. Participants were divided into two groups control and experimental group in a clinical setting. After experiment was done for a time interval of 4 weeks the difference in results for all the participants was observed, which showed an increase in all these markers of performance in both groups mentioned. However, the experimental group showed a greater degree of improvement in all the mentioned parameters under study compared to the control group as they were the group offered osteopathic positional release and stretch of their popliteal muscle. This result clearly suggests that the hypothesis tested in this experiment does indeed hold some veracity and hence this technique is somewhat beneficial for the mitigation of knee osteoarthritis symptoms in elderly people.