2024

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/3845

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Detach to Connect: Using Commute Time as a Buffer between Work and Home
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Ahmad Yaseen, Fahad Khan, Muhammad Hamad Khalid and Muhammad Wazi
This study examines the prospective advantages of commuting for aviation professionals, with an emphasis on its function as a buffer between work and personal life. This innovative method reinterprets commuting, which has been traditionally perceived as a source of tension, as a chance for psychological detachment and recovery. The quantitative research conducted on 201 professionals from aviation related to Pakistani airlines and collection of samples employed at airports and different social media platforms. The main focus of data analysis was indicated as mediation analysis that was conducted by using SPSS and SmartPLS4. The results of the research showed that the comprehensive and careful interaction obtained from family improved the psychological detachment of employ during commute that enhances the ability of work recovery. The findings of this study highlighted the consequences of physiological and psychological recovery at commute contributed as the theoretical and practical involvement in the field. The study recommended that the well-being and efficiency of employees improved if they provided with facilities that involved in psychological detachment during the commuting. However, the study generalizability limited by the flexibility on convenience sampling that suggested to research on personal attributes like flexibility and alternative commuting modes. Altogether the research study highlighted the advantages for aviation professional for commute timing and provided with the facilities to balance the work life and mental health experiencing the practices and policies provided by the organization.
TO ANALYZE THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON SUSTAINIBILITY.
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Asad Ayyaz, Muhammad Samnan and Kashana Sher
This research aims to analyze the relationship between organizational culture and sustainability with the mediating role of organizational leadership in the aviation industry of Pakistan. The impact on organizational environment and its sustainability within the aviation industry of Pakistan. The organizational culture influence the role of implementing the practices for conducting sustainable measure in the aviation industry and it entails the significance of the organizational leadership that act as a mediator uplifting the organizational practices and culture. The organizational culture has a positive contribution toward the organizational sustainability. Factors that include the social, economic and the environment signifies the adaptive changes within the aviation industry and the measures to adapt to acquire the operational efficiency in the aviation industry of Pakistan. The research conducted cover a survey that deal with the finding of the contributions of the organizational culture, organizational leadership role in organization to attain sustainability in aviation industry. The study recognizes the importance and the relationship among them and the finding per the practices guide the organizations in developing strategies that intricate the organizational culture to implement sustainable measures into their business operations, leading to improved organizational outcomes and enhance employee’s and organizational well-being. In conclusion, the research aims to shed the importance and the relationship of the organizational culture, the sustainability and the organizational leadership to strive sustainable environment and to foster a positive work environment in aviation industry of Pakistan.
Propeller Testbed for Performance Analysis of Two-Bladed Propellers
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Osman Jamil and ,Taha Irfan, and Zoraiz Shabbir
This report provides in-depth literature on creating and designing a propeller testbed apparatus from scratch to measure performance parameters for two-bladed propellers, focusing on static thrust, RPM, and electric power consumption. The apparatus incorporates an LCD that displays real-time static thrust and RPM values as per the change in the potentiometer. The testbed also utilizes an Arduino for real-time data acquisition, the system collects and visualizes RPM and static thrust data through the Arduino Serial Plotter. Addressing the scarcity of accessible testing instruments for brushless motors and propellers, this straightforward setup enables hands-on experimentation. The testbed is intended for integration into engineering and aviation lab courses, providing students with a practical platform to validate theoretical concepts and analyze propeller performance.
SERVOMECHANISM FOR CONTROLLING AIRCRAFT CONTROL SURFACE SUCH AS FLAP
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) IQRA BIBI, ABDULMANAN and MARYAM MEHBOOB
In this project, we design a flap that is controlled by a servomechanism. We create a flap with a metal sheet and attached it with the servomechanism and select an angle for rotation. We select a desired angle of rotation for the flap and examine its functionality, expenses, and material suitability. Examine whether the material is good for this design or not. An Arduino Mega board was chosen as the microprocessor for this purpose. Integration of different mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical parts such as potentiometers, sensors, servo motors, Arduino for coding. Use a battery for power input, display, and potentiometer used for the voltage disturbance for flap movement etc., with the microprocessor were the main focus in developing the physical model to be controlled. After physically constructing and integrating additional parts, control was programmed in Simulink environment and further downloads to the microprocessor. MATLAB’s System Identification Tool was used to model the physical system’s transfer function based on input and output data from the physical plant. Tested control types utilized for system performance improvement were proportional (P) and proportional-integrative (PI) control
Impact of Social Media on Passengers buying Behavior with the moderating effect of Brand Loyalty
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Huzaifa Asim and Arsalan Haroon
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of social media on passenger buying behavior, with brand loyalty as a moderating factor, in Pakistan's airline industry. The aviation sector has undergone significant changes due to technological advancements and evolving passenger behavior. Social media and AI have become crucial tools for reshaping promotional strategies and customer engagement. Using a quantitative approach, this research explores how these tools influence passenger decisions and loyalty to specific airlines. It examines how social media information and AI-driven recommendations affect customer choices and highlights the importance of retaining loyal passengers in an increasingly competitive market. Analysis demonstrate that social media significantly impact buying behavior and emphasize that brand loyalty is crucial for passenger retention. Effective use of these tools can enhance customer satisfaction, engagement, and loyalty, providing valuable insights for airlines to improve marketing strategies. The study, based on a sample of 201 passengers who traveled at least five times in a year, offers future research directions, such as exploring other moderating factors, long-term effects, and comparative studies across different industries and countries.
Affecting Innovative Behavior of Front-Line Service Employees
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Naima Ahsan, M Hassan Saad and Tanzeela Fatima
Within the framework of the Self-determination Theory (SDT), this study evaluates the mediating role of employee felt autonomy (EFA) between supervisory monitoring (SM) and employee innovative service behavior (ISB). The model perceives how supervisory monitoring can influence front line employee’s sense of independence in the workplace, which may subsequently impact service delivery. The targeted population for this research was Front line employees at airline check-in counters and ground handling from Lahore airport. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire with a total of 153 responses, which was distributed through online and physical means. For the results, mediation analysis was conducted using Smart partial least square (PLS) and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The Cronbach Alpha (>0.7), composite reliability and AVE proved the validity and reliability of the measurements used in this study. Moreover, values of SRMR, R2 and Q2 assessed the good fitness of the model. The study highlights a full mediation as the direct relationship between SM and ISB is insignificant.” However, a significant indirect effect took place, where supervisory monitoring positively influenced employee autonomy, which in turn significantly enhanced innovative service behavior (ISB). The results indicate that a well-managed level of supervisory monitoring, combined with increased employee autonomy, creates a supportive atmosphere that encourages innovative behavior for the employee. The study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the critical interplay between supervision, autonomy, and innovation in high pressure service environments like the aviation industry.”
Fog Reduction Using Identified Chemicals
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Shaul Azeem, Mr. Abdullah, Abdullah Imran, Muhammad Zain Ul Abdien, Saqlain and Ahsan Nawaz
Fog has been a major issue for the people either in Aviation Industry or the Road Traffic. Several steps have been taken in order to reduce fog as it results in delaying of flights in aviation, roads being blocked for traffic due to adverse or poor visibility. It results in wastage of time and money as well. Delaying of flights can cause airlines more cost as the airline has to facilitate the passengers as long as the flight does not take off or land on another airport due to poor visibility at destination airport and fuel burning due to diversion or go around. This research focuses on removing of fog using identified chemicals such as Calcium Chloride, Sodium Chloride, Polyvinyl Alcohol 72000 through aerial spraying on Natural Fog to see their effects on reducing fog and time taken by each chemical, which can help pilots to clearly see the runway threshold marking and land the aircraft safely. The experiment was done with the help of stopwatch, sprayer on 100ft height to see how much time do these chemicals take to reduce fog and clear visibility. The experiment was done keeping in view to use them on commercial scale in aviation industry as well as on the roads to improve visibility so that day to day operations to be done regularly. However, it mainly focuses on reducing fog at airport’s runways.
Detach to Connect
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Ahmad Yaseen, Fahad Khan, Muhammad Hamad Khalid and Muhammad Wazir
This study examines the prospective advantages of commuting for aviation professionals, with an emphasis on its function as a buffer between work and personal life. This innovative method reinterprets commuting, which has been traditionally perceived as a source of tension, as a chance for psychological detachment and recovery. The quantitative research conducted on 201 professionals from aviation related to Pakistani airlines and collection of samples employed at airports and different social media platforms. The main focus of data analysis was indicated as mediation analysis that was conducted by using SPSS and SmartPLS4. The results of the research showed that the comprehensive and careful interaction obtained from family improved the psychological detachment of employ during commute that enhances the ability of work recovery. The findings of this study highlighted the consequences of physiological and psychological recovery at commute contributed as the theoretical and practical involvement in the field. The study recommended that the well-being and efficiency of employees improved if they provided with facilities that involved in psychological detachment during the commuting. However, the study generalizability limited by the flexibility on convenience sampling that suggested to research on personal attributes like flexibility and alternative commuting modes. Altogether the research study highlighted the advantages for aviation professional for commute timing and provided with the facilities to balance the work life and mental health experiencing the practices and policies provided by the organization.
Development of Predictive AI for Flight Delays using Machine Learning
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Malik Adeel Khokhar, Noor-ul-Ain and Laiba Arshad
Flight delays pose a significant challenge for the aviation industry, impacting airlines, airports, air traffic controllers, facility managers, and passengers. The development of a highly accurate prediction model is the need of the hour to enable informed decision-making. This paper proposes a model based on flight data attributes and adverse weather conditions, utilizing data mining and supervised machine learning algorithms. Deep machine learning algorithms and neural network models were applied to make accurate predictions. Each model's prediction accuracy and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were compared to evaluate their performance. This model was developed in Pakistan at three major airports, including Islamabad (ISB), Lahore (LHE), and Karachi (KHI). The ultimate objective of the project is to address the significant shortcomings in the region's capability to predict aircraft delays with precision. This study is competitive as previous models cover one airport, but it covers three. For the prediction phase, flight attributes and weather data were input into the model. The trained model will then predict whether a flight will be on time or delayed based on specific groupings. The model achieved a mean absolute error of 23, which means the accuracy rate was remarkable, given the specific key attributes of data and weather. This proposed model aims to boost operational efficiency and passenger satisfaction by further enhancement.
Impact of winter fog at Allama Iqbal international Airport
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Abdul Rehman Baig and Asad ur Rehman
This research looks at how winter fog affects how safe it is to fly, especially for Air Traffic Controllers at Allama Iqbal International Airport. By carefully studying the data and using numbers, the research shows how important it is for ATCOs to take action to keep airlines safe in bad weather. This is supported by a strong connection with a p-value of 0. 001 The discovery shows how important air traffic controllers are in keeping flights safe, especially when the weather is difficult, like during winter fog. In addition, the study says we should learn more about how air traffic controllers make decisions when it's foggy. It says we need special training and new technology to help them do a better job. Using computer models to predict the weather and making improvements to them will help us prepare for bad weather before it happens. This study shows that it's important to always make air traffic control systems better so that people can travel safely and smoothly even when the weather is bad.
Committed Teachers, Successful Students: Understanding the Dyadic Relation through The Lens of Field Theory
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Ahmed Nasar, Waleed Sardar, Shehriyar Qureshi and Israh Harem
This research examines teacher commitment and students’ academic performance in school with special reference to the field theory perspective. Education as a fundamental social institution influences social transformation and plays an important role in the eradication of prejudice, fairness, and equality of people's rights. Exploring the professional community, one can state that teachers play a crucial role in the preparation of future generations and the development of high-quality education. The significance of this study lies in its qualitative view and offering of valuable advice and solutions to practitioners and policy-makers for creating improved and motivating contexts that foster learning that would enhance the knowledge of the field of education quite considerably. This work is thus exceptional in several ways: first, it brings an identificational approach to the instructor-student symbiosis with reference to field theory. This makes it possible to examine the factors that determine academic achievement at an advanced level and new trends in motivation among instructors and learners. The study findings bear significant practical implications, including the design of teacher training that enhances the teachers’ commitment and self-efficacy and the design of institutional arrangements that enhance the motivation of the learning environment of students. In conclusion, this work may serve as the source of significant findings applicable to enhancing the quality and equity of education.
“Develop a 3D training tool showing all sorts of Airside light at an airport for the demonstration and better understanding of the Aviation students.”
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) M ABSAR GORAYA, ARYOOK RAFIQUE, ZEESHAN MEHMOOD, ADIL AMJAD, M ADIL SHAHZAD and FAISAL MEHMOOD
This is a final year project that involves the creation of this 3D training tool which is said to be used to display several airside lights that are at an airport. The motivating factor is to enhance the understanding of aviation students as they engage in an interactive and realistic simulation of airside lighting systems. The use of the 3D training tool helps to explain the purpose, design, and characteristics of different types of airside lights including Taxiway lights, Approach lights, and Runway edge lights, in the airport environment. This tool aims at improving the quality of education among aviation students by reducing or rather eliminating the gap that exists between the theoretical knowledge acquired by the students and actual practice, hence making the process of learning a more effective and enthusiastic venture. The initiative uses complex 3D modelling strategies to generate realistic models of various airport lighting conditions. By using this tool, students can get a more detailed insight into the tasks that each light type performs in the predictable. Safe and efficient functioning of airport activities as shown by the precise positioning and other operational facets of each light type. The ability to gauge independent changes within the tool, via manipulation of the light settings and observation of the corresponding outcomes, fosters a deep understanding of airside lighting systems. This new way of training aviators in the field is expected to bring a positive change in the standard of training that aviation students undergo in their line of training.
“IMPACT OF WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT ON EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOUR WITH MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB STRESS”
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Hateem and Saad Abu Baker
This report investigates the impact of work-family conflict on employee behavior in the Pakistan airline sector. It explores how job demands, heavy workloads, and irregular working hours have impact and increased stressor environment for an employee as well as employee turnover intention. Thus, current study finds that the significant effect of work-family conflict on an employee turnover-rate with a mediating role of job stress but there is a negative significant impact of organizational loyalty as a moderator on employee turnover intentions. The current article is based on quantitative techniques as well as deductive philosophy which included standardized questionnaires and surveys to collect data from the operating airlines of Pakistan. The mathematical treatments have been ensured that the research data is verified fairly investigated. During the research process the round about 350 number of questionnaires were distributed while the total of 213 respondents fills the survey. The study found the evidence of the relationship of each variable to underpinned that an airline employee job stress will be a mediating player between conflict and employees turnover intention. The negative intentions of an employee will be moderate through the corporation loyalty. All impacts on an employees can be change by trained them to manage their both professional and personal life. To promoting the suitable environment within airlines the mangers/supervisors should take care of their employees and employees should require to focus on those conflicts which can damage the organization working environment and leads to lack of job performance. This research is one of the first which conducted on south Asian aviation industry and operationalized on airline employees of Pakistan to examine further job performance and objectives. Thus, the navigation of this study is ensured that the aviation relevant employees are having the more intentions to quit their current job and replace with another department. The findings of this research aim to provide different ways to improve employee well being and reduce the turnover rate in the Pakistan airline sector.
MONITORING OF PRESSURIZED VESSELS USING STRAIN GAUGE AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Meelad Aslam, Basit Ishtiaq and Sheikh Saif Ali Mohsin
This project presents the design and implementation of a real-time health monitoring system for pressurized vessels, based on strain gauges and data gathering. The main objective is to improve industrial settings' safety and dependability by providing early structural failure detection and continuous monitoring, which averts catastrophic mishaps. Using the Arduino Cloud IoT platform, the project makes use of the Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller and the ESP8266 WiFi module to provide cloud-based monitoring and remote data transmission. With this configuration, strain data can be visualized and analyzed in real-time, offering crucial information on the structural integrity of pressurized vessels. The use of BF350 strain gauges and a strain gauge amplifier module guarantees that precise data is collected, analyzed by the Arduino, and wirelessly communicated via the ESP8266. The report's layout leads the reader through the project's evolution while emphasizing how important it is to solve the shortcomings of both conventional and cutting-edge monitoring techniques. While advanced approaches are prohibitively expensive and need specialized knowledge, conventional techniques frequently rely on manual inspections and periodic maintenance, which can miss important flaws. This project provides a workable and scalable solution for industrial applications by utilizing widely accessible and affordable technology. The study, which showcases the system's efficacy in real-time monitoring and its potential to enhance industrial safety and operational efficiency, is divided into parts that address the project's objectives, methodology, results, and discussion
A table-topped 3D Scaled-Model of an International Airport showing entire set up of an Integrated Security System under the ICAO Recommendations
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Hammad Sohail, Umair Tariq, Taha Ali Khan, Ali Raza Shah, Ahmad Naseem Yaqoob Rana, Hamza Asad, Muhammad Haris Irfan and Muhammad Hamza Hassan
This task meant to plan and make a tabletop model of a worldwide air terminal, consolidating current security frameworks that follow ICAO norms. The goal was to foster a practical asset portraying the additional wellbeing measures expected to safeguard common flight from current dangers like psychological oppression, unlawful dealing, and digital assaults. To guarantee high accuracy, the model was developed involving definite drawings in AutoCAD and strong materials like polycarbonate sheets and hardened steel. The model incorporated the terminal structure, segments of the runway, and the security designated spot. The task effectively exhibited security advances, for example, biometrics and Explosives Follow Location, alongside other observation strategies. It likewise gave an astounding growth opportunity to avionics experts, understudies, and different partners. This study stresses the legitimate execution of air terminal security and fills in as a down to earth model to give further experiences and cultivate progressing enhancements in flight security.
How customer stewardship sense practices shapes service employee performance
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Amna Zeb and Eman Ali
This study explores the impact of Customer Stewardship Sense (CSS) on service employee performance, focusing on the mediating role of psychological empowerment among frontline employees in the aviation industry. The research is grounded in Cognitive Evaluation Theory, which suggests that contexts supporting feelings of autonomy and competence enhance intrinsic motivation. The study hypothesizes that CSS, which involves employees deviating from formal rules to enhance customer satisfaction, promotes psychological empowerment, thereby improving job performance. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing convenience sampling to target frontline employees at airline check-in counters and ground handling services in Lahore. Data was collected through online surveys distributed via Google Forms and physical surveys, resulting in 153 valid responses. The survey included measures of CSS, psychological empowerment, and job performance, with reliability and validity confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability tests. Descriptive analysis indicated a higher number of male respondents compared to female respondents, with data collected from both genders to ensure an unbiased sample. Participants were required to have at least one year of experience in their roles to provide informed responses. Data analysis was conducted using Smart PLS, which allowed for the simultaneous examination of multiple dependent relationships and was particularly suitable for this exploratory research. The results demonstrated that CSS has a positive impact on psychological empowerment, which in turn enhances job performance. The mediation analysis confirmed that psychological empowerment partially mediates the relationship between CSS and job performance. These findings highlight the constructive aspects of CSS, suggesting that rule deviating behavior, when managed effectively, can lead to improved employee performance and customer service outcomes
FABRICATION AND TESTING OF SMALL SCALE METALLIC CENTRIFUGAL AIR COMPRESSOR
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Sameer, Mohammad Bilal Hussain, Rafey Ahmad Khakwani and Mohammad Mohyuddin
This project's primary objective is the fabrication and testing of small metallic centrifugal air compressor made out of metal alloy, built-in a micro jet engine using MW 54 Turbo Jet Engine as an inspiration which numerous researchers use as basis of development. Centrifugal impeller, an essential element, was made out of high strength Aluminum 2024 –T4 on a 5-axis milling machine; while the structure used 3D printed PLA, PET-G & ABS as part of this hybrid approach in compressor unit design to allow users to see its performance at different speeds. This thesis represents a final phase of work on a project designed to measure pressure & temperature variations between intake impeller components in a controlled environment. Utilizing sets of sensors and controllers to collect systematic data enabling the creation of comprehensive graphs, providing invaluable insights into performance trends. A DC single-shaft motor replacing traditional combustion chamber in this project. Redesigned intake impellers increased airflow within the chamber and are combined with an adjustable variable nozzle that enables unrestricted rotation of the turbine wheel. A small-scale generator measuring the useful power generated from free rotating turbine wheel. All sensors are positioned within the micro jet engine, which is securely mounted on a test stand. This test stand is equipped with four linear bearings to facilitate force measurements. This thesis includes a complete guide on designing, manufacturing, assembly, electronic wiring and testing of a micro jet engine centrifugal air compressor.
Impact of Emotional Intelligence of Staff on Passenger Retention.
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Momina Arshad
In the airlines of Pakistan, the emotional intelligence of staff have great impact on passenger retention. The dimensions like self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills, leads to passenger’s diffident satisfactory levels and thus, impact their retention ratio. This research highlights the mediating effect of the passenger satisfaction on the relationship between EI of staff and passenger retention, in airline industry of Pakistan. The theory of service-profit chain, shows the unique relationship between EI of staff, passenger satisfaction and retention. The data was has been collected from passengers of PIA, AirBlue, AirSial Serene Airs and Flyjinnah, from Allama Iqbal International Airport, Lahore, by using an adapted questionnaire. The sample size consist of 250 passengers, the quantitative research analysis was carried out using the SPSS software, and the hypothesis were tested. The findings shows a direct and positive relationship between emotion intelligence of staff and passenger retention, in Pakistani airlines.
DEVELOPMENT OF 3D REMAINS & DIORAMA MUSEUM OF THE HISTORICAL WALTON AERODROME, LAHORE, PAKISTAN
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM, RAJA MOIZ ASIF, FARHAN ALI ZAHID and NOMAN AHMAD
Our final project aims to restore the historical significance of the now-demolished Walton Aerodrome by creating a detailed architectural sketch. As part of our aviation studies final year project, we have planned to create a detailed sketch of the old Walton Airport. Our artwork will reflect the historical significance and design of the airport before its demolition. The sketch will be placed in the museum as a historical document and an educational tool. Walton Airport has been transformed into a modern plaza, business centre, and other infrastructure. These changes have greatly altered the region, making it a center of business and social life. Our mission is to preserve the memory of Walton Airport and provide a visual and educational representation of its original structure and significance. Visitors, students, and individuals will gain an understanding of the airport's design, operation, and role in the aviation industry by looking back at history and sketch. Creating this work of art required extensive research, studying the airport's design, and using the advanced skills we learned in our coursework. Everything at the airport has been carefully investigated and recreated to ensure historical accuracy and educational value. The project aims to inspire young people by presenting the important history of the airport. Combining historical and other learning methods, our project pays tribute to Walton Airport, providing students with an effective and practical learning experience, and making a significant contribution to the museum.
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY OPERATION OF AN AIRFIELD
(UMT, Lahore, 2024) Faheel Sajjad
The purpose of the current research is to Ensuring the technical feasibility of operating an airfield involves comprehensive assessment and management of various critical factors. This study explores the essential components required for the efficient operation of airfields, including infrastructure, navigational aids, communication systems, and safety protocols. It examines the challenges associated with maintaining and upgrading these components to meet evolving regulatory standards and operational demands. Additionally, the abstract discusses the integration of advanced technologies such as automation and digital systems to enhance efficiency and safety. The findings emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring, maintenance, and adaptation to ensure the sustainable operation of airfields amidst changing technological and environmental conditions.

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