2016

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/17745

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Biomass power production
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Muhammad Bilal Javed; Muhammad Basil; Tassaduq Hussain; Muhammad Bilal Akram
This project is based on the waste materials in Pakistan and how we convert these wastes to energy. Pakistan is now a days facing 4,554 megawatts of electricity shortfall. As we know that Pakistan is blessed with lot of resources like wheat, rice, cotton and sugar cane etc. we can use the wastes of these materials to produce electricity by fermentation method. And there is also lots of buffalos and poultry wastes, we can use these wastes and convert into electricity by gasification method. In this project we collect data of wastes materials within Lahore division. We found enough data to inject a project of biogas in feasible place in Lahore division which produce enough electricity in Lahore division to overcome electricity shortfall in division. We can also implement these plants in different areas in Pakistan especially in villages where we easily found wastes. These types of plants in Pakistan overcome the shortfall of electricity in Pakistan.
integration and simulation of hybrid energy resources in a building.
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Muhammad Bilal Zia Butt; Osama Nisar; Hassan Fareed CH; Ali Ahmad Farooq
With the increase of need in electrical energy in the world we are facing energy crisis. In a country like Pakistan which is going through worst energy crisis in form of load shading for last decade. It is unfortunate that we are still relying on non renewable energy sources like oil, gas etc while the world has switched to sustainable resources. This is why once the resources are gone we will stand nowhere if we didn't come up with a strategy to tackle these energy crisis then our next coming generation will live in dark era. To overcome the energy crisis we have to invest by our own as well we cannot rely on government. It is the time to switched ourselves to sustainable energy resources which are even better for environmental sustainability. The basic purpose of our project is to use renewable hybrid energy resources and to integrate them to fulfill our need for a building where wapda will be an extra option in case of any interruption. In our project we present the specification, design and development of a grid connected micro grid supplied by a hybrid wind solar generating source. A hybrid energy conversion system combining photo voltaic and wind turbine on a small scale as alternative source of electrical energy. one of the objective of this project is to provide a reliable, continuous, sustainable and good quality electricity to users.
Arduino based pre paid energy meter using rfid
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Muhammad Musa Baig; Muneeb Amin; Bilal Shahid; Israr Ali
In Pakistan, presently distribution companies are collecting revenues from their consumers by metering and billing. The expenses for metering, billing, and collecting dues has become complex as electricity is supplied to large number of consumers located in far distributed areas also. This may encourage consumers to alter or temper meter readings. To address these problems, distribution companies can go for the solution of prepaid smart card energy meter, which can finish the whole problems associated with the present billing system and will make the consumer more conscious about usage of electricity. This project report explores the concept and designing of smart card prepaid electricity meter system, which will enable the consumer to buy required amount of energy and also provide information about their credit balance.
Power theft prevention using zigbee
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Naveed Ahsan; Asad Tariq; Johar Naveed; Hasin Khalid
The demand for electrical energy is ever increasing and the power utilities are facing many universal problems like tampering, high person dependency, inability to monitor discrete loads, lack of knowledge of line losses and demand analysis etc. WAPDA’s present meter reading system is based on meter readers in which risk of wrong and fake readings cannot be neglected and it’s also very time consuming. This Project is fit for Power Theft control which is exceptionally productive and can without much of a stretch recognize power burglary. Focal Base Station Continuously screens the framework and entire framework imparts utilizing ZigBee innovation.
Multiple level inverter controlling the speed of induction motor by using pwm techniques
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Aqib Khalid; Ismail Ahmed Raja; Shoab Ur Rehman; Homair Khan
abstract not available
Design and fabrication of solar powered plane (uav) shams one
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Abdul Mateen Jamil; Syed Muhammad Junaid Javaid; Taha Nadeem Baig; Rana Qamar Zaman
Energy is the most valuable resource and foundation of civilization. It is also our heritage for future generations. Preserving this resource will boost technology. Solutions that previously seemed impossible or too expensive, today, are technically and economically achievable. Application of new capacity generated by renewable energy sources can make a machine workable for long time. Solar energy is most charming sources of energy as it is have no price. Solar energy, on the other hand can be important because this energy is infinite. The solar energy received by earth in one hour is more than world’s annual energy consumption. World attention to solar energy has risen. Solar radiations are converted to electrical energy with the usage of solar cells although this electrical energy varies in power with the respect of radiations absorbed by a solar cells array. The plane is built by keeping in mind that it has to carry (400) grams of pay load and still it should not disturb aerodynamics of plane for this purpose we designed a plane with (120) inch wingspan in light weight balsa wood and reinforced with carbon fiber and fiber glass to make sure that wings do not feel too much flex during flight controls. Network synchronization issues are examined and a suitable voltage regulation plan is proposed. Two arrays of solar cells was paste on top of the wings to get the desire voltage and current from the solar cells. This electrical energy shift in switch compartment of fuselage where a flight controller decides to transfer this energy in DC to DC booster or in solar ESC by servo switches which is controlled by receiver signals of plane. The solar ESC is configure and programmed according to the power requirement. Network synchronization issues are examined and a suitable voltage regulation plan is proposed. On the other hand (94.5%) efficient booster produce enough voltage for (MPPT) solar charge controller to charge a (22.2) volt (4) amps battery. To avoid sparking or over heating silicone wires used in fuselage with heat shrinks covered on each joints. The (MPPT) solar charge controller has features to charge battery, prevent overcharge, high speed power tracking, and temperature sensor to avoid overheating. The battery is li ion with (25 C) discharge rate capacity which can provide burst current when needed. (360) kva (22.2) volt brushless AC motor with (24) poles used to rotate (17) inch carbon fiber prop with (7.5) pitch and (6000) rpm to get desired thrust. (80) Amps (26) volt ESC is chosen to drive this power train for maximum power during landing and takeoff. The ESC is programmed for rpm, timing mode, system voltage cut off and throttle calibration to fly for longer duration of time. DC is transformed into AC for AC motor and it has built in (BEC) to power on receiver on 5 volt. Six channel RC receiver is attached with servo switches and servo motors to control radar and elevators of plane. To
Smart energy meter
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Ghulam Mahyoudin; Ali Abbas; AsimTanveer
Every system is trying to make automatic, portable and remote control. This work presents a smart energy meter for an automatic and higher level metering and billing system. The integration of the Arduino and GSM provide communication through short message service the meter reading system with some automatic functions that are predefined. The proposed smart energy meter system can incorporate with embedded controller and GSM to transmit the data like consumed energy in kWh, generated bill, security services over GSM mobile network and comparison of two days data on meter such as data could be then fed and integrating into existing energy management systems located at power companies to provide the services among the customers. Our project is able to provide all required services casually for metering and billing with high fidelity. The main objective and goal of the project is to produce a GSM based energy meter reading system through short message service (SMS). The electricity department and the consumer can get the readings of the energy meter of consumers by SMS.This type of data is also given to the department of electrical engineering using Globel system for mobiles (GSM) technology for electricity billing purposes. Due to high electricity cost these days it becomes arsenical for the users to know as to how much electric Arduino input is actually connected to an integrated circuit smart energy meter and displays the reading calculated on an LCD screen. The reading of the energy meter is also sent to the control room by SMS via GSM modem SIM loaded. The project is designed to read the electrical energy consumed by users in units and rupees for displaying on a screen liquid crystal display (LCD) to the user.Metering is used to control electricity to save their money for bill within his income or budget. In this assumed system, the user will gain his real time data on the of energy consumption show on a LCD. The same data is sent through GSM modem to the electricity metering department and also to customer end by SMS. Arduino is interfaced to the smart energy metering integrated Circuit to get the Watt Hour pulses. The Arduino then procedure these pulses or signal related to the program written in it, and to calculate the units and bill used and cost involved for the user. Further it gives command to the subscriber identity for mobiles SIM in GSM modem for giving the data to the electricity metering department by short message service SMS. Also, the electricity metering department can send the daily, weekly and monthly bill amount over SMS to the receiving unit for consumer information.
Plc and gps based trains anti-collision system
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Fayyaz Imtiaz; Amir Ishaq; Shoaib Asghar; Waleed Imtiaz
The aim of the project is to replace the manual work in railway protection system by automatically controlling and monitoring the train movements using PLC, GPS, GSM, and Arduino Microcontroller, using different kind of sensors and merging different circuits. Nowadays automation plays an essential role in almost all areas but still railway system is not completely automated. Currently the railway network protection parameters like gate control, identifying track cracks, track collision, track changing, Trains location on the track and traffic light (indication) are controlled individually by manually. To overcome those problems the proposed idea provides both monitoring and control of all the above said parameters with the provision of issuing automatic control in the locomotive itself using PLC , GPS GSM and by some components. Programmable Logic Controller senses the input from its respective sensors and according to the ladder program it issues the necessary control automatically. resulting in saving the collision by adjusting or re-routing them and if somehow the trains come in front of each other it will be programmed in such a way that it will take proper precautionary measures till the last minute so that the collision can be avoided . It also provides the location through the GPS to update trains movements on the tracks. GPS will continuously update the main station of the Train network about the location of the trains. In our project we interface GSM with GPS through Arduino Microcontroller and also interface LCD with Controller for Displaying the Coordinates of the GPS. Our Proposed Project covered all the parameters that are very necessary in the Modern Trains Network.
Design of a solar stirling engine for generating electricity
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Muhammad Usman Iqbal; Hafiz Muhammad Naveed; Misbah Ur Rasool; Muhammad Ishaq Rasool
The point of this task was to outline, construct a Stirling engine fit for producing electricity b/w 10-50 watts of power. A few outlines were considered before settling on an alpha sort arrangement contains two-barrel air compressor. Concentrated sun light based vitality was chosen as a potential warmth source, however must be supplanted by a gas burner or some other starting mechanism because of deficient sun oriented presentation amid the testing time span. The warmer, cooler, flywheel and other frameworks were outlined, built, and dissected. Different instruments was used to measure temperatures. A few tests were performed on the engine with a specific end goal to enhance its running productivity, and basic issue territories were disconnected what's more, tended to.
Hardware implementation of single phase transformer less
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Ghazanfar Abbas; Muhammad Khubaib; Muhammad Noman Sadiq; Farhan Raza
In the present, transformer less uninterrupted power supplies (UPS) are replacing the old technology of transformer based uninterrupted (UPS) at commercial and industrial level. Transformer based UPS are heavy weight and less efficient at the variation of the load. To overcome these problem a highly efficient, reliable and with a low weight transformer less uninterrupted power supply design is purposed in this paper. Transformer less power supplies (UPS) provide high quality energy to the load, these can also supply the constant power to the critical loads. By using latest transistors like lGBTs and MOSFETs we can reduce switching losses and weight of the UPS. Furthermore, transformers less uninterrupted power supplies (UPS) have high efficiency and constant output voltage with the variation of the load.
Electrical installation designing of house
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) ADEEL BILAL; MUHAMMAD ABDULLAH KHAN; MUHAMMAD ZAHID HANIF; SHERAZ SAEED
Electrical installation of a house, building or any work space requires the load calculation as well as lamination level calculation. For efficient and economical installation of electrical plan we should have appropriate calculations. On load calculation we can define the wire size for protective scheme. Calculation based on the load help us to design and Calculate the PV module for renewable solar energy source. For more efficient and luxuriate, we step forward to Atomization of lighting and HVAC system by using PLC.
Efficient human voice recongnition system
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Habba Aabroo Sherdil; Hafsa Rafique; Muhammad Tajdar Alam; Hafiz Muhammad Aun Sabir
The usefulness of identification of a person from the uniqueness of his/her voice is increasing with growing importance of automatic information processing. This report reviews the voice characteristics and voice identification techniques which are used in recognizing people by their voices. Voice is a random signal with continuous acoustic variability’s hence a proper digital processing algorithm has been selected for voice recognition system to extract required information from the voice sample. Voice features are the tool on the basis of which voice recognition can be done. In this report, the implementation of VRS (Voice Recognition System) is done using MATLAB. MFCC (Mel frequency cepstral coefficients) and DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) are two algorithms which are adopted for voice feature extraction and matching. These techniques make it possible to use human voice to recognize the identity of a person and after verification enable the control access to database services, security control for confidential information areas, providing voice recognition ability in robots.
Autonomous maze solving robot
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Ammad Butt; Asad Ahmed Khan; Husnain Rafeeq
voice actuated hospital bed control system
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Talhah Abdul Aziz; Ali Khabab Khan; M. Najam u Din
The use of Voice recognition technology in voice controlled system is to perform events with the help of the human voice. The main object of the Voice recognition technology in our project is to provide comfort to patient in hospitals by placing him in control of his relief. Hospitals have more patients and there is no staff that can individually provide a full time support to the patient. This system helps the individual possess an independent control upon basic areas of his need. This project consists of such a security which allows specific person (male or female) to control the device.
Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination for lte-a Networks
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Muhammad Daniyal; Syed Mohammad Hasnain Shah; Faraz Shahid
Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are made from the combination of Macro cells, Remote radio heads and lower power nodes like Pico-cells, Femto-cells, and Relays. A heterogeneous network comprises of various radio access advancements, structures, solutions to transmissions and base stations which have a differening transmission power. In the small cell deployment of Relay, Femto and Pico over Macro cellular network, the throughput of the end user is limited by the inter cell interference. A proper resource scheduling and interference management methods are required to solve this problem. The nodes have different operation modes which work in open access mode and close access mode and various base stations of the network having unbalanced transmission power. In this report, a system level simulation is performed for LTE-A (downlink) using Vienna Simulator (LTE-A Downlink System Level Simulator) to simulate and analyze the problem for Femto-cell networks which have been deployed in a dense manner and influenced by solid co-level interference, keeping in mind the end goal to upgrade the capacity of netwok and deal with the interference adequately. In LTE-Advanced heterogeneous networks, femto-eNBs (evolved Node B) are deployed for making the offload traffic ample from macro layer, thus bringing users near to base station for improving the experience of cell edge user. But, macro-eNB gives severe interference to femto cell edge users as the transmission power is much higher. So, the biggest issue that needs to be resolved in LTE-A HetNets (Heterogeneous Networks) is Inter cell interference. There are some sources of interference in Femto-cells overlaid LTE-A networks that cause the problem, which are as following: Unplanned Deployment: Femtocells are the nodes with low power and users deploy them in ad hoc manner. These nodes can be giver over from one point to other, anytime and can also be switched On/Off. For this, routine network planning and also the optimization is not quite efficient because location of these cells cannot be operated by the operators as they do not have the privilege to manage the number of these.
Design and simulation of a hybrid power system of renewable energy
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) SAMAN SAGHIR
The production of electricity is one of the basic necessities of any country. Even though Pakistan has many production units, we still lack in meeting the yearly demand. Hybrid power system is a system that infuses our natural resources with renewable energy to decrease the initial and final cost of production. My project is the design and simulation of the national grid with three major renewable energy resources. It helps lower the cost of production by 2/3rd of the original cost. It also helps save the environment from CO2emissions causing a reduction in the chances of global warming permitting us a clean and green environment. My project is the integration of Solar, Wind and Bio gas with the national grid system. I have solar as my primary source, followed by wind as my secondary and prioritizing battery as my last. When all else fails, I will use bio gas for the battery to recharge it and supply enough power for the whole integrated system. The aim of my thesis is to design and simulate the Hybrid Power System in such a way that the efficiency or performance of the system increases.
Energy management in a hybrid micro-grid
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Mughis-ur-Rehman Anwar; Muhammad Akbar Abdul Rehman; Saad Bilal Nasir; Bilal Rafique
The extensive use of natural resources has increased the high penetration of Renewable Energy resources in ongoing Electrical Power Systems. The involvement of these new resources in to the ongoing Electrical Power Systems has decreased the cost of electricity per unit but at the cost of instability of network. The renewable energy resources are not consistent and their output does not sustain all the time due to natural effects. Due to high risk of system instability upon removal of renewable energy resources from the system a great need of an efficient energy resource management system arises. The proposed research work is about developing an energy management system for the power system after modeling and studying the behavior of renewable energy resources integrated with the conventional generation system. The research involves a extensive study over behavior of wind energy systems and solar PV energy systems and the effects of nature on the output of them. A complete model has been proposed in this project for the efficient operation of the micro-grid.
plc based fuel filling station
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Khawaja Awais; Muhammad Imran; Ali Raza
Our project is product-oriented plus research-oriented. It basically focuses on the needs of customer in our country Pakistan which is suffering from major energy crisis, where load-shedding is at its peak, where our old techniques of productions need to be replaced by modern techniques which are more efficient, time ,saving, and cost effective. So our project focuses on this problem and tries to solve it to some extent. Basic problem which we are facing in our country is that we don’t have excess to those technological techniques in fuel filling stations, majority of the filling stations are manually operated. They service providers have to bear to the monthly salary of the person which attends the customers at the feeder of the fuel station. The customers are always running short for the time so they can’t wait in line for their turn. We design a system which works on basic levels. First level is to design a PLC Based fuel filling system. For this purpose we have used the HMI (Human Machine Interface)-PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)-Solenoid Valves-Liquid Flow Transmitter. Reason for doing this project is that this system’s efficiency is more than the manually filling station in terms of price, time saving and running cost. On second level we have to try to give more comfortable and easy to use interface on HMI. On this device we are providing the facility to the customers to fill their fuel tanks themselves, including the flexibility to get the fuel in short time, don’t have to wait in queue to wait for your turn, transparency between the station and service providers since no human interference is involved.
Solar power auto irrigation system
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) MUHAMMAD AHMAD; ZESHAN MUNAWAR; ANA-ULLAH; TAHIR AHMAD MAKKY
Agriculture is having great importance in Pakistan because more than 50% of the people are engaged with this profession. But there are some problems which the agriculture people suffer and the problem is lack of rain and scarcity of land storage water. Most of the land comes in the zone of UN irrigated land due to continually extraction of water from earth. And other reason is unplanned use of water. A heavy amount of water goes waste by keeping these problems in mind we can use Automatic Solar powered auto irrigation system. In this system we take power from solar panel. We don’t require other source like electricity or generator. Solar energy is used to operate water pump and with the help of this we are also supplying energy to our control room where the operating circuit is installed. In this system Arduino UNO used as a microcontroller. There are four sensor two moisture and two temperatures in the field which give us different moisture and temperature value through Arduino UNO and microcontroller operate the entire circuit. The code is saved in the rom of microcontroller. 16X2 LCD is used in this project for displaying ON and OFF of pump. Relay is used in this project for automatic switching. GSM and Bluetooth module can also be added in this project to control our switching of punp.
To design & implementation of Three phase power quality analyzer
(UMT.Lahore, 2016) Husnain Zakir; Kamran Saleem; Rehan Butt; Abubakar Mukhtar
abstract not available

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