2019

Permanent URI for this collection

https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/10375

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 34

A critical reception of the hunger games (2012) through Machiavellian standpoints of power and control in faction system
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Saleeha Noor
The purpose of this research is to trace out how the power dynamics work in the movie Hunger Games (2012) by applying Machiavelli’s theory on political power given in the The Prince (1532). Machiavelli’s theory revolves around cruelty and crimes to achieve certain goals and stay dominant as a leader. His political theory lacks all sorts of moral considerations and deals only with different villainous and cruel ways that can help a Prince to maintain his status. These rules include butchery, bloodshed, disloyalty and all sorts of ill ways to maintain one’s rule and superiority over the layman. The research is about the suppression of the people of Panem in The Hunger Games (2012) at the hands of the authority of the Capitol and how one class dominates over the other by using repressive state apparatus. Researcher will trace out the rules given out by Machiavelli in his book The Prince (1532) to all the princes’ of the world, specifically his own prince and see how these tactics are perfectly employed by the Governor of Panem. The researcher has used qualitative research methodology which comprises of descriptive and critical analysis. Machiavelli in his book proclaims ways to stay in command without being defeated by any external or internal rebellion. The basic objective of the research is to trace out how power is exercised to attain political purpose. It also investigates how faction system can lead to class consciousness and class struggle.
Thematic analysis of women protagonist in the novel ‘the joys of motherhood’ in African feminist perspective
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Sara Jaleel Rao
The present study explores the emerging trends in postcolonial literary works of African women writers from feminist perspective. The main objective of the research is to explore how Buchi Emecheta reflects African feminist perspective in the novel ‘The Joys of Motherhood’. Thematic Analysis of gender representation modes has been done along four dimensions namely: a. social role/s and status, b. social mobilization, and c., family structure, d., resistance for change from tradition to modernism. The mode of analysis is descriptive. The major finding of the study is that there is some evidence of gender identity awareness and social recognition and mobilization in the two selected novels. However, there is no clear evidence of resistance for change from the tradition to modernism.
The transmogrification of magical realism in the cinematic adaptation of perky Jackson
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Huda Farooq
The study is to show the transmogrification of magical realism in screen especially in Percy Jackson’s adaptations by Chris Columbus. The purpose of this research is to identify magical realism in Percy Jackson’s adaptations. Magical realism is the representation of an oxymoron, which includes the blending of reality and fantasy. The first part of the research involves the recognition of this genre in cinema. Is it a trend, which filmmakers are following, or is it the real picture of magical realism that has been portraying in cinema world? The second part of this research unveils the blending of mythology with modernism in Percy Jackson’s adaptation. The third part of the research describes the characteristics of magical realism like time, hyper-reality and fantastical elements like Telepathy, Telekinesis, Phantasmagorical and Meta-Fictional elements within the sphere of two movies of Percy Jackson’s text, which are, Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief and Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters. The employed framework of this study covers through Wendy Faris’ Theory on Magical Realism, in Percy Jackson’s adaptations.
Bourgeoisie condition in the scarlet letter
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Gulraiz Falak
The Purpose of this qualitative research is to analyze the drastic effects of Bourgeoisie consideration about the Proletariats as a consideration of lower-class in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter in its relation. This paper is a venture to reveal how these binary oppositions work, throughout the story of the novel, to emphasis holy appearance as a mechanical tool for fixing puritanical codes of conduct and a crucial reality as a mechanism for fabricating new one empire. The recital of The Scarlet Letter whirls around the never-ending conflict of Hester Prynne versus society in which the recurrent theme of conflicts between appearances is middling into different elements of the novel. The gravity of this theme embodies corruption in the codes of religion through the hands of Bourgeoisie, wearing religious costumes and hide the sin and by a protagonist who claims objectivity and profanes the Puritanical codes. By applying Karl Heinrich Marx, the theory of Marxism, communism is needed to occur in the story of the novel. This treatise is about the revolution for communism over the society versus individual, Religion versus society, and love versus advantage with a look at the two major characters of Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale. Conclusively, Capitalists wanted to dominate over the lower-class community for getting the productive advantages through their tough rules.
The psychological continuum of discomforts regard over Thanatos in the characters and author of Mrs. Dalloway
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ghulam Mustafa
The aim of this qualitative research is to analyze the psychological continuum of discomforts regard over Thanatos. The purpose of the study is to identify not only the negative effects of war but the trauma of human psyche. This paper is to proceed that how the Thanatos was strong in the mind of protagonist characters and the author of Mrs. Dalloway. The story of Mrs. Dalloway wheels around the similar mental situations of Septimus Smith and Clarissa Dalloway. The gravity of this concreted theme highlights the development of human psyche for the desire of death at certain conditions. By applying a psychoanalytical theory of Thanatos by Sigmund Freud, dualistic analysis is needed to occur for readings in the crux of Mrs. Dalloway. Moreover this research has proved the psychological perspective of different characters and author of the novel. The thesis is about the acknowledgement of Thanatos over the elements of war on the readers.
Finding other reality in Sadat Hassan Manto’s short stories under the lens of madness and violence
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Zainab Qazi
The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the madness of Sadat Hassan Manto’s fictional characters through the lens of violence by considering his selected short stories like Kali Shalwar, Odor, Toba Tek Singh, Untie It and The Lump of old flesh. Manto scrutinizes the brutal inequalities which make the people of that time traumatized which was considered the mucky side of humanity. Binary opposition makes the line of demarcation between two factors which are totally opposite to each other. One is being highlighted and other is ignored by human beings. The factor which is being diminished totally depends on the world view of every human being. This research will deal with the theory of Michel Foucault which he calls “The Great Confinement” in his book “Madness and Civilization”. We are focusing the rational response to the mad, who had been consigned to society’s margins under the fact of spreading vulgar writings. The Characters portrayed by Manto were being ignored widely in the society by that time due to the writing style of Manto. This research tends to highlight “Other Reality” and the foremost role of social reality and the truth which is being treated as a puppet in hands of human beings. As a result the important things which are not evident to us but observable in our action will be clear to us. We’ll be able to analyze violence which is used as a mode to reveal the other side of coin which is called the other reality
The traces of male domination under the case of novel “honor” by Elif Shafak through the lens of post structural feminism theory
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) AYESHA FAROOQ
The following research is a study of Elif Shafak’s Honor and the entire work is concerned with the representation of women in the novel. More specifically, it focuses on the theme of male dominancy and the diverse facets allied to the subject. The study centers on the subject of violence, masculinity, and the role of society and tradition in the construction of gender, female reaction to the gender issue of violence against women is also a major concern in this research. Dwelling on a number of notions introduced in the feminist theory in addition Post Structural Feminism Theory, our study argues that the novel converge with regard to the representation of the theme of male dominance This research follows qualitative methodology purely relying on the text and the theory. Shafak focus on domestic violence, which represents an umbrella to all forms of violence. She offers clear evidence that violence goes hand in hand with the inherited traditional beliefs and practices. Women’s struggle to challenge the socially constructed gender role is manifested through the motif of the relationship between language, social institutions, subjectivity and power.
The analysis of class and status
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Aiman Amjad
This study investigates the social hierarchies and class discrimination in Moth Smoke by Mohsin Hamid. By using the following Foculdian concept of power "the analysis of power should not concern itself with the regulated and legitimate forms of power in their central locations", but "with power at its extremities, in its ultimate destinations, with those points where it becomes capillary, that is, in its more regional and local forms and institutions"(Foucault 96). This paper contends that Hamid has presented a conflicting case of powerful and powerless individuals in Post-Colonial Era. Hamid looks at this matter as an after effect of colonization. This study closely examines the notion of class and its relation with power. It also analyzes the depiction of Gender roles and their contribution in class discrimination.
Female voice and transnationalism in home fire by Kamila Shamsie
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ayqa Jamil
This paper examines the struggle of a women living far from her homeland, the dilemma of an immigrant and the way she has been treated by the global world in Shamsie’s Home Fire. The culture of Pakistan profoundly digs in male centric society and promotes male chauvinism. Literature is one of the most important means of questioning such images which seek to marginalize women and ensure male dominion. The investigation of Pakistani fiction is a prolific ground for feminist fault finders, looking to uncover the political elements of portrayal and to undermine male centric underestimation of women. This paper contends that Shamsie depicts a world loaded with nationalistic motivation. The life of Shamsie’s female characters is replete with struggle and they face issues on both local and global ground. She also encompasses the female constraints ranging from covering one's head to the regular cross examination. Focusing on the concept of transnationalism by Sasskia Sassen this paper highlights the struggle of being a women in a postmodern world where hegemonic structures are shifting and female voices are emerging out.
Deconstructing phal logocentrism in Herland by charlotte Perkins Gilman and sultana’s dream by begum Rokaya
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) MEMOONA AYAZ
Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain an Asian writer who belonged to India and Gilman an American writer, both aimed to embrace feminism and are well known for their feminist utopian writings, Sultana’s Dream and Herland, respectively. Demands for women’s rights are fictitiously portrayed by using a very unique technique like utopia in both texts. The novel and the short story have been analyzed on the basis of Cixousian concept of L’ectriture Feminine, in which she reverses the binary opposition where man is privileged and women are oppressed. The pivotal aim of the research is to analyze the deconstruction of the stereotypical roles attached to the female identity under the umbrella of the Phallogocentrism, the concept introduced by Jacques Derrida and Lacan according to which in the binary oppositions most particularly in the system of man/women binary, the term on the left side [man] is always privileged. By deconstruction of this Phallogocentric system, this research aims to focus on the reconstruction of the feminine identity in a female framework and discourse that is free from male presuppositions. Helene Cixous in her essay ‘The Laugh of the Medusa’ tries to reconstruct the shattered and derogatory women’s identity. With the help of the same framework the main objective of this research is to highlight the traces in the aforementioned texts, where the stereotypical notions of gender have been deconstructed in order to reconstruct feminine identity
An atypical representation of star wars (1977), Leia as a female hero through the theoretical underpinnings of Sherrie Inness action chicks
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Aniqa Aslam
The research paper focuses on the Princess Leia, a female character in the “Star Wars (1977)” films. This dissertation will discuss basic ideas of portrayal of female character in the movie “Star Wars (1977)” in the context of feminism, subverting traditional gender roles and the character of Leia is analyzed as a female hero. This study will discuss the character of Leia that how it portrays strong feminist individual and how it affects the whole plot of film by applying Action Chicks theory which talks about the portrayal of tough female in popular culture. This research uses the qualitative method of content analysis to examine this portrayal of Leia as a female hero.
Subjugation through hate speech in the heart of darkness
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Komal Manzoor
This qualitative research intends to unfold the traits of hate speech presented in Exciteable speech by Judith Butler in the novel Heart of darkness by Joseph Conrad. This study is a short journey to reveal that how the hate speech can be traced through the brutality and miserable situation of the Africans. The language of the novel has been discussed beyond the literal meanings as it has different meanings too. Throughout the novel, the hate speech has been witnessed in different situations, characters and language too. It also fixes the double standards of British to fulfill their greed. Their wrong doings have been revealed through the lens of hate speech. The antagonist of the novel Mr. Kurtz has been discussed as the mastermind behind all of the savagery and barbarism. The ultimate hate for Africans and the greed for their precious belongings in British is a center of this study. Their hate and greed made them do every possible and impossible cruelty and brutality into the Congo region. Hate has been explained with several different interpretations. By applying the theory hate speech by the butler, the novel heart of darkness has been described exclusively and uncommonly. The subjugation of the Africans, self-praise of British, supremacy of white over black on the name of colonialism is the discussed themes uncommonly.
Sartrean reading of nihilation and heterosexual dynamics of gaze in dystopian feminist science fiction the handmaid’s tale by Margaret Atwood
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Rameen Ijaz
This research paper aims to scrutinize the nihilation of feminity in The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood interconnected with the heterosexual dynamics of gaze in Sartrean Ontology. Atwood has unwillingly privileged masculinity over feminity and has reduced the female sex into the disgusting Sartrean female body of holes and slimes. Feminist scholars like Luce Irigaray put forwards the fact that vision and gaze are interrelated to the construction of gender and subject/object dichotomies and the entry of women into a dominant environment is ultimately her fall into passivity. Furthermore, it is the masculine only that in the battle of gaze nihilates the Other, that is the feminine and reduce it to the state of being-in-itself and ultimately enjoys the supremacy over the feminine sex. The emphasis is laid on the detailed exposition of Atwood’s privileging of the subject and to map the process through which the author of the novel equates masculinity with subject hood and feminity with object hood, through the appropriation of Sartre’s mind and body dichotomy. The analysis of the study shows that Atwood has equated the consciousness with the activity of looking, has constructed the gaze as the privilege given to the masculine and has reduced the feminity into a passive object of male’s attentive gaze in her novel.
Taufiq Rafat’s poetry
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ameer Hamza
As an individual living in a society, the culture becomes a deep part of the identity of that individual. This research aims to explore the culture and its social aspects as presented in Taufiq Rafat’s anthology of poem titled The Arrival of the Monsoon, in the lens of Marxist theory exploring Capitalism and effects, labor and working class and their relation to culture. It also dedicates a part of the research to the most modern and contemporary Marxist theories and their significance in literary world such as Neo-Marxism and Cultural Marxism. Rafat poems are elegant, deep and present to its readers the very true to life image of Pakistani Culture along with the ingenuity of his simple yet unique language. Rafat not only paints the culture of Pakistan with his words but also question the implication of the cultural studies that seems troublesome to his observation. This research explores those aspects in Rafat’s poems by analyzing his language, themes and the content of his poetry under the framework of Marxism as the umbrella of the study. The main areas of this research include Ideology and its impacts, Capitalism and its consequences and Culture and its relation to economic gain. It introduces the idea of looking at Rafat’s poetry has a rich source of cultural studies a quite different approach than the linguistic research based on his poems and use of language.
The female character of hayavadana in the light of psychoanalytical theory of Sigmund Freud
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Hania Shoukat
The dissertation enlightens the “Psychoanalytical Study of Girish Karnard’s Hayavadana” (1975). This research will explore this play through the lens of Theory of psychoanalysis presented by Sigmund Freud. The play uses the symbolic language which is interpreted psychoanalytically to reveal the underlying content of the mind. It views the psychology of man and woman on two levels, the consciousness and sub consciousness. It is the study to bring out the split in one’s identity because of the conflicts between life of instincts and regulations. Furthermore the desertion brings forth the protagonist self-identity through psychoanalytical approach.
Endurances and deprivations of black women in maya Angelou’s i know why the caged bird sings
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ans Habib
In America the experiences of black women in have been harsh and inhumane over the course of past four centuries. Brutally raped and used as a property, the black women have seen double marginalization. One, being a woman and the other is of being a black person. The patriarchal and racist society of America snatched the very right of living from the black people specially the women. The study focuses on Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Birds Sing as with the perspective of feminism to highlight issue of black women’s double marginalization. The feminist movement, along equal rights movements by the black, gave a breathing space to the colored women who had been treated as livestock for centuries. The study aims at the Maya Angelou’s semi-autobiographical novel, in which she wrote her autobiography in fictional style. The prime consideration for the study has been feminist theory to study the novel in a broader perspective. The art of autobiographical novel and writing about self-suffering has been knitted tightly in the novel which narrates the story of marginalization and drawback of being a black woman, quite vividly.
Broken relations and navigation of mother ship
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ali Haider
How do you leave a mother who associates her life’s meaning and fulfillment to you and your achievements, without breaking her heart? How do you surrender all your passion to a lover while leaving some for the woman who gave birth to you, reared you, and loved you? This paper analyzes D.H. Lawrence’s semi-autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers which displays the pendulum of a young man’s love swinging to-and-fro from his deep bond with his mother to his passionate relationships with his lovers. It is a fragile pendulum that slowly cracks and inevitably breaks. It is a beautiful account of a man who is unable to choose which impulse to follow. The situation is picked up from Lawrence’s life itself, and as Jessie Chambers, the girl on whom Miriam was based, describes, it was simply that while loving his mother with an almost romantic passion, he had nothing left to give to a lover. A careful study of this text by Lawrence shows us an extreme case of Oedipus complex. Since Paul was a baby, Mrs. Morel treated him in a special way that had led in time to a pretty tight bondage between them. The mother-son love pushes the normal limit of familial affection, becoming almost erotic.
An eco-critical analysis of Ruskin bond short stories
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) SANIA NASEER
The aim of this research is to investigate the contribution of Ruskin Bond’s literary work to escalate the ecological consciousness of man. Ruskin’s work is analyzed in the light of Eco-criticism to preserve nature and ecosystem from fading away. The aim of Eco-criticism is basically to study the relationship between literature and ecology and Human-ecology is basically the study of the nature and man’s relation through the lens of literature. This term was introduced against the modern man’s cruel attitude towards nature. This research basically highlights that how Ruskin has expressed his concern towards ‘Nature’ and ‘Environmental crisis’ happening on the name of modernization. The reason of environmental crisis is because of the unawareness towards the protection of ecology. Along with that, this paper also questions that why Ruskin has used nature as main theme of his stories and what was his main idea behind supporting eco-criticism ideology. This research basically examines Ruskin’s concern towards ecology in his literary work.
Voices from the periphery in the ministry of utmost happiness
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Momina Imran
It is a common belief that gender is a socially developed identity and on this belief the world is running in a war state where one gender is being marginalized and the other is at superiority. People think that this injustice is based on gender inequality but it’s not. This paper argues that society is run by the aristocrats and on their beliefs the base of a society is formed. The beliefs of aristocrats don’t please the lower class and this is the root cause of injustice. People are marginalized because they belong to periphery. By applying Butler’s concept of “gender” this paper analyzes Arundhati Roy’s book ‘The Ministry Of Utmost Happiness’ and aims to scrutinize the characters on the periphery whose voices are raising in a global world.
Probing psyche and personality in the scarlet letter
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) M. Saleem Altaf
The dissertation aims at exploring The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne through the lens of Psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud. This novel has always been a celebrated work of literature. It contains various themes related to daily lives of the readers as depicted by the characters within the novel. The novel by Hawthorne has potential of generating multiple meaning. The psychoanalytic theory proposed by Sigmund Freud claims that human mind is a very complex phenomenon. It has the potential of examining human mind and psyche under various conditions. Those conditions are found under the novel as research suggests. The research examines the psyche and mentality of the main characters of the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The research focuses on the changing psyche and personality of the main characters of the novel like Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth. The research examines the novel with in-depth details and incidents that show the changing psyche or personality of the characters. Sigmund Freud also talks about the different states of mind that are conscious and unconscious or subconscious part of human mind. The researcher describes the characters of the novel with respect to their changing mind that lead to their changing psyche. The researcher applies the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud on the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The researcher discusses Freudian model of psyche that contains id, ego and superego. The researcher applies these modes of psyche or human personality on the characters of the novel and tells about their changing psyche and personalities with the help of comments of critics and references from the novel.

Browse

Browsing 2019 by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options