PSIR

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    Role of Media in Developing Political Perception
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) Qurat-ul-ain Ilyas
    This research thesis analyzes the role of Pakistani electronic media in creating political awareness and developing political perceptions of people. With the advent of modern technology, the electronic media has provided more opportunities for the common man in connection with government’s policies and obligations, state tasks, and human rights. All the above narrated developments have taken place due to electronic media. This thesis starts with a review of role of electronic media that attempts to explain that how electronic media can play its role in creating political awareness among people and educate people politically. This study is about the role of state owned news channel and private news channel in developing political perceptions of people.
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    The US Asia-Pacific Policy and Chinese Response
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) NAFISA SHAHEEN
    Rapidly changing geo-political dynamics of Asia-Pacific region have persuaded the US to have shift in this policy from South Asia and Middle East to Asia-Pacific. This policy aims to maintain the US hegemony by containing China in this region. This study tries to find the answer of the research puzzle that why the US has introduced this policy against China when it is already having cordial relations with it whereas some other countries have shown their reservations against the US policy in this region.
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    The Role of Women in Pakistani Politics
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) MARYAM KHILJI
    Women play an important role in almost every sector of life in each part of the world. Their contribution as mothers, sisters, wives and young ladies have always been recognized in the whole world as well as in Pakistani society. Women’s contribution in the independence movement of Pakistan has always been hailed by everyone and their active participation was one of the reasons that we were blessed with the Independence. Women have participated actively even after the independence and have been a vocal voice till today on the political arena.
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    Pakistan’s Policy Towards US Under Zia and Musharraf Regimes
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) MUHAMMAD AHMAD
    Pakistan’s democratic evolution was disrupted many times by military rule. Consequently Pakistan’s foreign policy towards US also witnessed many upheavals as despite democracy military dictatorship remained more constant which spanned almost forty years. This research focuses on the dynamics of Pakistan’s foreign policy towards United States during the regimes of Zia and Musharraf and how military rule by these two Generals determined the shape of these internal relations. The research describes after analyzing how these took decisions crucial for Pakistan’s stance towards US, the commonalities in their decisions and the short term and long term repercussions of those policies they adopted during their dictatorships to save national as well as their own vested interests.
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    Role of Youth in Pakistan Politics (1999-2013)
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) MUHAMMAD ZUHAIB AFZAL
    This study highlights the political socialization of youth in Pakistan. The importance of youth has blown up in today’s time as they need become the part of social movements. The country that has powerful youth can be a better place. The powerful youth can even lead their citizen in the right direction. Virtually, 60% population of Pakistan is under the age of 25 years. This study also highlights how you can change the political scenario of Pakistan politics. And what are those factors which can boost Pakistani Youth. And how are they trying to eliminate the traditional politics?
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    Role of Government Initiatives in Promoting Quality Education
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) MUHAMMAD IQRAR ASLAM
    This qualitative studycritically explored the role of an important government initiative called Continuous Professional Development (CPD) undertaken by the political governments of the Punjab for public sector relating to improvement in primary education. CPD is an effective tool for teacher development in different countries of the world. Different initiatives are continuously been taken to improve the primary education, but follow-up to the effect of their success had never been taken. The study is a step toward exploration of the role of government initiatives in the promotion of quality education through CPD. Documentary analysis was done to seek for commonality, proposed measures and the success of these measures. Recommendations were put forward on the basis of derived facts
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    An Analysis of Campaign Strategies and Voters’ Mobilization in Local Government Elections
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) MUHAMMAD FARHAN AHMED
    This thesis consists of data gathered from rural area of Okara Tehsil of the Punjab (Pakistan) to investigate the influence of different campaign strategies to mobilize them to cast their ballot in Union counsel election. According to the result interpreted by ANOVA and Post Hoc test interest group strategy was much most effective to mobilize voters. The effects of bribery given to voters, rallies, SMS request to cast ballot and threat of bad consequences in the case of not casting vote to a specific candidate have proved ineffective. Some techniques were little effective that includes candidates’ advertisement, candidates speech, welfare works during elections days, vote casted to political parties candidate, request to cast vote.
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    Afghanistan Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement-2010
    (UMT.Lahore, 2015) BABAR ALI
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    Afghanistan-Pakistan Relations in Post 9/11 Era:
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) MOHAMMAD UMAR
    Afghanistan and Pakistan share the same religious and collocation, tradition and culture but had never enjoyed the smooth and cordial relations. The trust deficit among the two nations existed since British India was divided and Pakistan came into being on 14th August 1947. Initially, Durand Line and issue of Pakhtunistan, were bone of contention, which did not allow to establish of cordial relationship between two neighboring countries. Later, cold war politics also played a role in divergence of national interests. Pakistan’s joining of Western alliances and Afghanistan’s collocation towards Soviet Union and India proved to be a stumbling block in establishing good neighbourly relations. Afghanistan and Pakistan had number of times adopted rapprochement despite of at odds including two Pakistan’s war with India, signing of Afghanistan Transit Trade Agreement, facilitation of Afghan refugees in Pakistan 1980s and onward.
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    Opinion of University Students about Pakistan’s Role in the War on Terror:
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Nayab Samar
    This thesis examines the opinion of university students regarding Pakistan’s participation in the war on terror. The participation of Pakistan in this US led war on terror is discussed here on the basis of its overall role as well as front line status in the war against terrorism. When the 9/11 incident jolted the whole world and resulted with the launch of War on Terror, Pakistan got a front line status in this war due to its geographic and geostrategic position. That is why this research is carried out to find the opinion of university students related to one of the most important challenges faced by Pakistan and that is Pakistan’s participation in the war on terror. In interest articulation we always found the ‘informed public’ more beneficial as discussed in the theoretical framework.
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    Participation of Women in Election 2013:
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Robina Sharif
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    Role of Geography in the Prevalence of Terrorism in Pakistan
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Humair Bloach
    Terrorism is one of the highest contemporary issues. After the emergence of 21st century the intensity of the terrorist activities increased and also as a result of American attack on Afghanistan the terrorist activities in Pakistan also increased. Due to its geographical proximity, Pakistan is badly engulfed in the quagmire of terrorism. This research is conducted to know about the geographical location of Pakistan, and its effects on the increasing terrorist acts. In relation to the geographical foundations theory a classical approach to understand the prevalence of terrorism and conflict, which also explains the role of geography in the prevalence of terrorism. The most relevant cause of terrorism or unrest in a state is the geographical location of a state. Moreover, in the modern world, the leaders of the specific states have started operations against the terrorist groups in the rugged region, Pakistan is one of the states which successfully eliminatory terrorism from its land. The land of Pakistan has created the problems for the security forces to combat the terrorist. The research is based on qualitative research method in which data was collected through open ended individually interviewed through structured questionnaire. Interviews were conducted in a natural environment while the officers were easy available to discuss this issue. Respondents belong to different posts and different regions. But they have wide experience of the terrorism related matters. Furthermore, it is found out that, there is great role of the geography in the prevalence of terrorism in Pakistan. In addition, it is suggested or recommends that there is need of a proper training of law enforcement agencies, close relation with the neighboring states, and fencing of the border which attach to the unstable states. At last, it is concluded that although geography has a great role in the prevalence of terrorism in Pakistan, there is need of proper planning and management of the border areas. According to the data collected from the respondents there is need of fencing and management of the bordering areas. In this way the menace of terrorism can be controlled.
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    Pak-India Border Security Mechanisms since the Mumbai Attacks (2008):
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Muhammad Shahbaz Asghar
    This qualitative research work utilizes the realist-constructivist lens for analyzing the bilateral relations of Pakistan and India with a particular focus on how the two neighbors attempt to secure the border dividing them – and its resultant impact on cross-border civilian mobility. The deductive theoretical categories are complimented by inductive thematic analysis for studying the postures and narratives of power elite on both sides, however greater emphasis is given to the perspectives of affected civilians whose movement across border is curtailed by conflict-oriented high politics. Through analyses of both obtrusive and unobtrusive data, and backed by secondary sources, the interplay of power, interests and identities is elaborated for mapping the construction of border security practices of Pakistan and India. Owing to prevailing confrontationist mindsets, visa issuance problems arise that interview participants want to see diminish, there is also the urge among visiting participants to have the mass media on both sides adopt a positive role while portraying their adversary in a somewhat positive light. Moving aside irritants, the states should efficiently monitor cross-border movement of civilians in order to avoid escalation in hostilities and for enhancing the mobility of Pakistanis and Indians in their neighboring country. The study recommends that divisiveness of radicalized identities can be reduced through greater people-to-people contact by granting more transit points besides Wahga, and by fast-tracking the visa issuance for certain categories of visitors such as religious devotees, public intellectuals and commercial entrepreneurs.
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    PAK–AFGHAN RELATIONS DURING THE TALIBAN REGIME
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Usman Mehmood
    Over the last six decades, there has been serious occurrence of distrust between Afghanistan and Pakistan. Both countries are interdependent with strong socio-religious connections. Pakistan always wanted to establish friendly relations with Afghanistan. During the Taliban regime Pakistan got a chance to develop smooth relations with Afghanistan. After the tragic incident of 9/11, Pakistan changed its policy towards Taliban and provides assistance to USA against Taliban. This study is specifically conducted to highlight the relations of Afghanistan and Pakistan during the Taliban regime. The methodology encompasses a review of historical and contemporary literature that amplifies that why Pakistan rationally supported the Taliban’s government and to reveal the role of Taliban for the relationship between both countries. The study concludes with the findings that the political and diplomatic honey moon of Afghan-Pak relations faded away very soon by the immaturity and stubborn policies of the Taliban towards Pakistan.
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    Independent Prosecution and Provision of Justice:
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) Muhammad AyyazAslam
    This study investigates the role of Punjab Criminal Prosecution Service (PCPS), which deals with criminal cases in the court on behalf of the state, on the provision of justice in the Punjab province. The study explores the efficacy of Punjab Criminal Prosecution Act, 2006 through document analysis and interviews of 25 individuals representing all relevant stakeholders in PCPS namely judges, prosecutors, investigation officers, private lawyers and accused persons. The study finds that the structure of PCPS is much better as compared to former system of Attorney General that deals both criminals as well as civil matters in the courts on the behalf of state. After the establishment of PCPS, the power structure is divided between the police and the prosecutors to resolve the criminal cases. But despite better service the process of PCPS is not without demerits. This system is not entirely independent. It is evident in some cases that there is political interference and undue pressure which hinders provision of justice. The study strongly recommends transfer of power to prosecutors of the Punjab as per PCPS Act, 2006 for better delivery of justice in the province.
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    ELECTION CAMPAIGN STRATEGIES OF PML-N IN 2013
    (UMT.lahore, 2016) ISHTIAQ AHMED
    This study brings to light the election campaign strategies of political parties in general election 2013 and unveil the response of the voters of Lahore. Through the study of PML-N it is observed that PML –N used candidate based strategy but 43.59% voters of PML-N of Lahore were not inspired by campaign strategies rather they cast their votes because of the party affiliation.71 % voters were inspired by Shahbaz Sharif’s performance in previous Punjab government (2008 to 2013). It is also observed that 60% voters of PML N did not like the candidate and 65% voters disliked the campaign tools and cast their vote because of party affiliation. Only 52% voters of PML-N focused on manifesto during the campaign.
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    Analyzing Radicalization Tendencies among Pakistani Youth
    (UMT.Lahore, 2017) Sadia Khan
    A rise in radicalization across the world has posed a serious threat to human development and the state machinery. The increase in the phenomenon is linked to Jihadist ideology of non-state actors, such as Al Qaeda, which allures youngsters towards radicalization owing to an abusive interpretation of Islam. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of radicalization among Pakistani youth from a social-psychological perspective having theoretical underpinning of social identity theory. The social psychology of radicalization explains radicalization as a group phenomenon, and encourages the approach that does not restrict the analysis of radicalization tendencies to religion as a sacred doctrine only. Unlike previous studies, this study takes religion as a social identity group and addresses the concerns that are related to group dynamics. These group dynamics are social categorization and perceptions of threat to group identity. The social psychological approach towards radicalization also deals with these dynamics.
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    China-U.S. Relations in the South China Sea Dispute
    (UMT.Lahore, 2017) Muhammad Saeed
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    Territorial Dispute between Japan and Russia on Kuril Islands
    (UMT.Lahore, 2017) MUHAMMAD HASSAN ALI
    The Russian and Japanese territorial dispute on the Kuril Islands is changing the security dynamics for the both countries. Russia and Japan had peace treaties and resolution accords in the past but it never resulted in peace or solution between them. Due to the non-flexible behaviour of Russia and the U.S. pressure on Japan, relations between Japan and Russia are in stress.