2003

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Motivation level of head teachers read foundation school
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Muhammad Shafique Khan
The primary purpose of the study was to explore the motivation level of the head teachers of the READ Foundation. Four hypotheses were formulated for the study. All the hypotheses were related to demographic variables; marital states, experience qualification ^ and age .Item by item analysis of the questionnaire focused on the different factors ana dimensions of the motivation concepts have been tested. The population of study was consisted of272 schools' head teachers of READ the Foundation. Random sampling was used. The total sample size was consisted of 272 head teachers; therefore 30 were drawn as a sample. A questionnaire of 26 items was devised as research instrument. All the six hypotheses were accepted. It was found that most of the head teachers have reservations about the job security and they are not satisfied in respect of salary package. But head teachers feed great satisfaction in respect of improvement given by organization, independent actions, they take to improve school. Most of head teachers are highly motivated become community prise their work. It was concluded that significance was not found in the views of head teachers towards motivation level of primary, middle and high school of the READ foundation
Development of teacher manual for grade 5 Punjab text board
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Asma Sultan
Implementation of curricula at secondary level
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Farah Naz
A curriculum plan is as good as its implementation since it is its actual achievement and not merely the objectives set and organizational mechanism provided that determine the impact of a plan. Without effective implantation the decisions of the curriculum planner are not to be carried out successfully. Since the people who plan the curriculum are not the same people who carried out it, there is a considerable room of distortion of the curriculum planner's intentions if the steps and action appropriate to the plan are not taken. Curriculum is construction and implementation involve an intricate set of positive actions on the part of many people such as educational planners, administrators, supervisors, teacher educators and persons serving in supporting services. It demands concentrated efforts by those who are responsible for planning and implementing at departmental and institutional levels. If a curriculum is inappropriate or if it cannot realize the goals for which it was designed, it will be a failure no matter how well it is implemented. A brilliantly conceived and prepared curriculum but poorly implemented is bound to fall to achieve the intentions of the curriculum planner. Many studies reveal a variety of elements affecting diffusion and implementation. Hence this area — the problem of curriculum implementation and the factors, which may affect it — becomes one of the major aspects requiring a thorough probe and investigation. In this process, there may be many factors which may come into the way and may either facilitate or hinder its implementation. Inappropriate implementation can scuttle the best-indented and handsomely designed curriculum. The purpose of study was to identify the factors which influence curriculum implementation at the secondary school stage as perceived by teachers, and principals. The study was based on the assumption that the curricula introduced were not fully implemented
The role of multiple intelligences in English language learning at secondary level
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) MISBAH RASHID
The primary purpose of the study was to determine the various IQ levels in a classroom, and also to observe different types of learning that took place in the classroom in order to render cognitive acceleration, e.g. erroneous learning (learning through errors), and vicarious learning (learning through observation- Albert Bandora). The population of the study was approximately 400 students, 27 teachers, and 10 members of the non-teaching staff of the school, viz.. The Educators, Marghzar Campus, 32 E Marghzar colony Lahore. A purposive sampling has been taken for this case study, in which the total sample size consisted of 71 students and 6 teachers. Two research instruments were used, i.e. unstructured interviews of teachers and students, and observations of classroom dynamics involving, generative learning and brainstorming etc. Qualitative techniques were used to analyze and present the data collected through interviews and documented observations. In the item analysis it was confirmed that, (1) there are sufficient physical facilities for teachers and students, (2) there are two term exams, the mid-term and the final term, (3) teachers give monthly tests to students, (4) weekly tests are conducted of all subjects, (5) a percentage of all tests and exams is calculated in the final result at the end of an academic session (6) note books are checked by the teachers and then counter checked by the subject coordinators, which is afterwards super checked by the school head (principal), (7) a variety of instructional materials are used during a lesson, (8) the school head, directors and teachers take interest in solving the students' academic and individual problems. (9) a student is given passing grades if he/she scores 40 % in a subject, (10) teachers and the school head remain in contact with the parents, (11) students and teachers are appreciated on a good result, (12) teachers cannot give corporal punishment to the students. In the light of the findings several concrete recommendations were made; (1) Senior and experienced teachers should be selected for teaching language. (2) Eftbrts should be made to improve the library to fulfil the present day's needs. (3) Teachers should be imparted with professional guidance and training. (4) Language classes should be interlinked with the electronic media, esp. the Internet. (5) Action research should be introduced to bring improvement in the language learning
Educational environment of a rural school
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Arifa Rashid
The primary purpose of the study was to acquaint the beliefs, opinions and perceptions of the history, climate and culture of the Govt Higher Secondary School Kotli Sattian Distt. Rawalpindi and to make recommendations for further improvement of the School. The scope of the study was limited to Govt Higher Secondary School. The study was addressed on a brief history of the school, management and administrative system, teaching methodologies, curriculum, Co Curriculum activities, ways of income and expenditure, the buildings of the school, skill, accomplishment, gradation and salary of teachers, conditions for admission, different educational programmes, ways of examinations, facilities for students and teachers. The population of the study consisted of 55 students from elementary to higher secondary classes, 26 teachers and 05 members of non-teaching staff. The total sample size consisted of 10 teachers and 10% students. Two research instruments, i.e., a close end questionnaire of 32 items were filled in by die Principal. There were separate questionnaires for teachers and students. The formal interviews and observations were also taken from staff members other than the teachers. Qualitative techniques were used to analyze the data. The informations were collected through questionnaire, interviews and documents observations. Both statistical and descriptive techniques were used. The collected informations was presented in the form of tables. In the items analysis it was concluded that: 11 (1) There were sufficient physical facilities for teachers and students. (2) There was an examination after every term. (3) Teachers give monthly test to the students. (4) Note books are checked by the teachers and then rechecked by the faculty head and head of the department. (5) Audio visual aids are used during the lessons. (6) Principal, and teachers take interest to solve the student's problems. (7) Every child is promoted in the next class after securing overall percentage of 33. (8) Teachers and principal remain in contact with parents. (9) Students and teachers are appreciated on the good results. (10) Teachers cannot give corporal punishment to the students
Development a scheme of studies for master program of English language teaching in Pakistan
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Samreen Shahid
The leading purpose of the study was to design a scheme of studies for Masters Program of ELT in Pakistan. The scope of the study covered the faculty member of universities of Lahore, faculty members of International universities. Principals of Schools in Lahore, Alumni of MA ELT in Lahore and students of MA ELT in the Universities of Lahore.The views of faculty members, principals, students and,alumni were collected regarding the five subsidiary questions about the Masters Program of ELT. Qualitative survey was conducted for getting a general view. Survey method was taken up analyse the needs of students and alumni. The population consisted of Id. f teachers in l.ahore and abroad, principals of schools in Lahore, ELT students in Lahore universities and ELT alumni of Lahore. Three faculty members of Lahore. Three laculty members of International Universities, 15 ELT students, 5 alumni were taken as sample for the study.In-depth interviews were conducted with the faculty members, principals and alumni. The questionnaires for the students and alumni were prepared in the light ol studied material. The descriptive technique was used for summarizing and analyzing the data. The needs of students and alumni were analyzed by graphs as well. Each subsidiary question was taken up separately. The collcted facts from the mentioned research instruments were listed accordingly and definite recommendations were also made in the light of those facts.
Job satisfaction of head teachers of read schools of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) M. Irfan Bashir
Effective management of today's organization and the human resources that make them either go or not go is facing enormous challenges. Downsizing, diversity, the knowledge and information explosion, global competition, and total quality are not only some of the latest buzzwords, they are representative of the harsh reality facing managers now and in the future. There are many solutions being offered of how to deal with these complex challenges. It is reality that some organizational cultures could be labeled "strong", others "weak". The leaders and workers who highly satisfied with the organization, they shaped strong and positive culture in the organization. The organizations have strong and positive culture can go ahead. As a developing country, we have to manage the research which helps us to promote the satisfaction of our human resources and enhance the positive culture within the organization. The research "Job satisfaction of head teachers of READ schools of AJK" aimed at finding the attitudes of head teachers by asking them to state their views about various dimensions, components and factors of Job satisfaction. For this purpose a questionnaire was prepared. The questionnaire was prepared by the researcher himself under the guidance of teacher of the thesis. The researcher selected "The Rural Education and Development (READ) Foundation's schools of AJK as the area of his study. The number of head teachers thus selected 27 as a sample. After the collection of data the tabulation of the data was made. Some basic statistics techniques were used; t-test and chi-square tests were applied. This was calculated for each respondents and the total percentage was drawn for each aspect of the attitudes of interpretation
Styles of decision-making of federal government (Islamabad) principals as school manager
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Jawed Iqbal Raja
The primary purpose of the study was to determine the styles of decision making „r rctleral Oovcinmcnl Secondary Scliool hcadleaeliois of Islaniahail. Six ilypotileses were tormuiated ior the study. Aii the hypotheses were related to demographic variables i.e. sex, age, marital status, experienee. duty place and quahncation. Item by item analyses of the questionnaire focused on the twenty dimensions of the decision-making styles. The population of study consisted of 350 school headteachers of Islamabad. Random sampling was used. The total sample size consisted of 350 headteachers, therefore 30 headteachers were drawn as a sample. A qtieslionnairc ol 20 items was ti.sed as a re.scarcli instiuincnt. All the liypothe.ses were upheld except hypothesis No.2. It was concluded that generally, there is no difference among decision-making styles of Islamabad headteachers.
A study of creativity of school going children
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Tahira Chowdhry
Although creative is considered to be the highest of mental functions & creative production is considered the peak of human achievement, but it is a peculiar fact that creativity has become a central concern in Psychological research only 4 or 5 decades ago. Present research is concerned with studying the level of creativity in school going children & the degree of its relationship with different other factors that effect creativity. This thesis of mine is on the creativity of school going children, how they grasp the meaning of what is shown and taught to them. For this purpose 10 school going girls and boys between ages two and hsdf and ten years were studied. For measuring the level of creativity among children a "Circle test" was used which provided composite creativity scores of children as well as scores on creativity factors; fluency, flexibility 86 originality. Case study of each child was also taken in detail in order to study the effects of home environment 86 several other factors on creativity. The results indicate that there is no significant difference in the creativity of the sample with respect to do with the level of creativity in children has been tested. The qualitative findings of the study also prove the research h5q)othesis that "children belonging to stable & organized families are more creative as compared to children belonging to disintegrated families." Data also prove that girls are more creative than boys however the difference is not statistically significant. The children have convinced me thoroughly, that they can all be creative and reach the excellence level. When teacher, parents form a team the child is getting the best. The team is only good if love, tenderness and attention is paid to the child during his creative period
Uses of audio visual aids in elementary school
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Shazia Ashraf
The major purpose of the study was to determine the range of teachers' view points about the uses of audio-visual aids and their status in the schools of Lahore. The scope of the study was limited to all the elementary school teachers who have been teaching English and working in Govt. Semi Govt. and private schools in different areas of Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore. Two general and seventeen specific hypotheses were framed and for their analysis seventeen questions were developed to focus on these hypotheses. The population of the study was consisted of 48 govt., semi govt. and private schools both female and male. Stratified cluster sampling was used and 15 schools were selected to administer the questionnaire. In these fifteen schools sixty teachers were given with questionnaire to know the actual status of A.V. aids in these and how teachers use these aids in their teaching. In the responses of the teachers to the questionnaire. It was found that there was no significant difference in the opinions of more qualified, less qualified, less experienced, more experienced, professional, non-professional, English subject teachers
Teaching of paragraph writing in mainstream secondary boys school, Lahore
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Faisal Thakur
The purpose behind this study was to unfold the views of secondary school teachers and students toward the teaching and learning of paragraph writing. This study is focusing on the concerns of teachers and students. All questions that were answered through this study reveal the state of affairs regarding teaching of paragraph writing in the mainstream school of Lahore. With a view to eliciting the relevant data, an action research was conducted m one mainstream secondary school of Lahore. It has been observed through qualitative data that teachers in the main streams school use Grammar Translation Method for teaching paragraph writing. The researcher also analyzed that teachers are not at fault because they are unaware of latest methodology. Most of the staff, which is teaching English, having non-ELT behaviors. Student also explained their experience about the teaching of paragraph writing in reality they were never ever taught the techniques to develop a paragraph. It is concluded that teacher training workshops must be arranged for the teachers to enhance their professionalism so they may better handle the teaching of paragraph writing a secondary level in the main stream schools
A study of teacher quality against professional assessment standards set by university of Mississippi
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Mrs. Naheed Masood
Staff development is most effective when it is job-embedded and relates directly to the work teachers do in classrooms. The present research is a study of Teacher Quality against professional assessment standards set by University of Mississippi. Researcher has taken the observations of teachers in The Punjab School, Lahore. Researcher's observations against set standards measure the teacher quality in classroom teaching and provide a promising and practical solution to determine the strong and weak areas of the teachers. These measurements of teachers are both comprehensive enough to capture the essence of good teaching, and also provide opportunities for teachers to improve themselves professionally. The standards of teaching profession by University of Mississippi address these core elements that no other evaluation system possesses. The researcher then proposes that by assessing the teacher quality against standards of Teaching Profession by University of Mississippi, teacher quality can be defined, leading to targeted professional development to improve teachers' teaching practices and student's achievement
A study of the causes of stress among primary school teachers
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Farhat Mukhtar Qureshi
The study was conducted to highlight the causes of stress among primary school teachers. The objectives of the study were to review the related literature, identify teachers who are stressed and the effects of stress on their working life and to recommend some coping strategies for better stress off. Fifteen schools, situated in the limits of Lahore Cantonment and one in Gulberg Lahore, were selected. The data were collected through questionnaire, which consisted of eleven factors. These factors are financial pressure, non-teaching duties, disruptive students, non cooperative behavior of administrators, policy changes, lack of peer relationship, school environment, lack of parent support, working with opposite sex colleagues, lack of positive feedback were included. Each factor had different number of questions. Beside the questionnaire filed notes and computer were used. The analysis was made through the method of percentage. Data was interpreted through tables and bar graph. Three teachers from each school were given the questionnaire and total forty five questionnaires were collected. The top three causes of stress among primary school teachers, in order of ranking were financial pressure, non teaching duties and disruptive students. The study also explained the two types of stress, negative stress and positive stress and their coping strategies. Six common myths about stress were also taken in. In last chapter recommendations to reduce the stress level were made
Organizational commitment of read foundation's schools teachers
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Syed Khalid Hussain Kazmi
In this study, it was tried to determine the teachers; level of commitment with regard to the commitment to vision and mission of the organization, commitment to teaching occupation, commitment to work group, and commitment to work place (organization) of Rural Education and Development Foundation (READ) in AJK, District Rawalpindi of Pakistan. Six hypotheses were formulated for this study. All the hypotheses were related to demographic variables, sex, age, marital status, experience, professional qualification and academic qualification. A scale with four dimensions including 25 items was administered for determining the level of organizational commitment. The population of the study was consisted 1711 teachers of READ Foundation from 372 from schools. Sample of 104 teachers was drawn by cluster sampling; dividing 372 schools in nine clusters and then selecting 3 schools by lottery from each cluster, finally 27 schools were taken, these schools have 104 teachers that were used as sample in the study. A questionnaire of 25 items was used as research instrument. All the null hypotheses were upheld. It was concluded that there was no significant difference in the level of organizational commitment of READ Foundation's teachers. Data was analyzed by 't' test and 'chi-square' test. In the item analysis it was found that: 1. Most of the teachers strongly believe that goals of the organization are clear to them; they strongly believe that their values and organizational values are very similar. 2. 3. 4. Mostly teachers think that they are pleased being in this organization, their working relationship with organization, among staff member is harmonious. Mostly teachers were proud of being teachers; they strongly believe that their school is the best one among others. Most of the teachers believed that they exerted great effort on behalf of the organization. Teachers were strongly in favor of their job in this organization
Impact of principal’s leadership styles on teachers' work attitudes
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Mrs. Abeeda Ayaz
The administrative and organizational behaviour of the Principal is long recognized as an important determinant of schools effectiveness. The leadership style of the principal shapes the teachers work attitude her, which is dependent upon provision of favourable working environment, salary structure, a concern for the personal problems of employees and feedback about their work. What are perceptions of teachers regarding leadership styles of their principals and how do their leadership styles impacted the work attitude of teachers was the focus of this study which was conducted in nine schools of Lahore cantonment area. Both the qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed to determine leadership styles and as well as their impacts on the work attitude of teachers. A detailed questionnaire for teachers was constructed to see their perceptions about the principals' leadership styles and their impact on work attitude of the teachers. The collected data was analyzed. The finding of the study brought to light some important points. In all schools of Cantonment area of Lahore city most of the teachers were provided with suitable working environment by their principals and were given positive feedback on their performance and they were getting reasonable pays. On the whole the leadership style of the principals could be termed as ' democratic'. The effect of their leadership style on the work attitude of the teachers working under them was found to be positive as reflected by their views regarding satisfaction with their salaries, high motivation, and acceptance of feedback on their work and a feeling of professional growth on the job.
A study of Islamic concept of motivation in teaching-learning process
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Syeda Rakshinda Mehtab
Students drop out at primary level in a slim area
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Qurat-ul-Ain
The problem of the present study focuses on drop owin boys and girls primary schools in Kasur is a very important problem. Freedom mom ignorance is as dire a necessity as freedom from hunger. Literacy is not for the positive adjustment of the individual in rapid changing society but also for the building up of an effective democracy in Pakistan. The researcher consults relevant literature regarding it. The dropouts represent a tragic wastage of our resources, both human and physical. The purpose of this study was to find out the causes of the dropouts in girls and boys school in Kasur and to make recommendations and suggestion to minimize the ratio of dropouts. During the review of the related literature the investigators made a comparative study of the causes of dropouts in Pakistan and Abroad, particularly in U.S.A. the study of the literature provided an insight and enable the investigator to look deep into the problem from various angles. A structured questionnaire containing eight items are used for getting information from teachers. The researchers personally interviewed with teachers, parents of dropouts, principal in an effort to determine the most pertinent factors associated with dropouts. The data collected through questionnaire were tabulated. The percentage of each cause was drawn separately in such a way thct it showed the importance of each cause separately. In the third chapter the researcher mentions the strategies of the research. The research conclude with it that there should be sufficient teaching staff and should have knowledge about the child psychology to reduced the drop out.
Teaching of story writing in mainstream secondary boys school, Lahore
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) SHAFIQ AHMAD
Like all other researehes this study also aims at improvement in the teaching learning situation. The focus of this action research is to bring to the light the perspectives of teachers and students about the teaching of story writing at secondary level. A boys' mainstream seeondary sehool of Lahore was seleeted to eolleet data for this study. The design of the study was Aetion Research and Lewin's Model of eight stages was used to organise the study. Data in this study was collected through observations of teaching learning situations in the classroom and semi structured interviews of students and teaehers. The study had three phases; pre-intervention phase, intervention phase and post-intervention phase. Analysis of data eolleeted in the pre intervention phase shows that teachers in the mainstream schools do not use modern techniques to teach story writing. Wrong approach towards the teaching of English (English as a subject rather than a language) is the most important cause of such a situation. Another reason is that the teachers appointed for teaching English are not well trained for this job. It is also revealed that the conservative approach of teaehers makes the story writing boring for the students. On the other hand the students want their teaehers to introduce mare and more activity based teaching. Based on the data eolleeted in the pre-intervention phase an action plan was devised which comprises two phases; an informal workshop and team teaching. Then changes were observed and noted in the post-intervention phase. The data collected in the post-intervention phase shows that use of A.V. aids enhanced the interest of the students in the teaching of story writing. Students liked to write stories about their own experiences. Group and pair work motivated the students to learn the language. Proper lesson planning helped the teachers to go through their lessons smoothly. The use of target language enhanced the interest of the learners
Organizational culture of read foundation's schools as viewed by read's schools head teachers
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Jamil Ahmed
This study explores the organizational culture of READ Foundation on the basis of READ'S schools headteachers' views. The primary purpose of the study was to £issess READ Foundation's organizational culture of schools through four dimensions i.e. involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission. Five hypotheses were formulated based on demographic variables; age, marital status, experience, academic qualification and professional qualification. The population of study consisted of 278 READ'S schools and 27 schools' headteachers were taken as sample through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire comprising 28 questions was used as research instrument. All the five null hypotheses were upheld and it was concluded that no significant difference is found in the views of READ Foundation schools' headteachers about their organizational culture. According to the item analysis: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Most of the employees feel themselves involved in the organizational planning and other activities. Employees expressed that there is a characteristic management style and ethical code, however they face difficulties practicing it and reaching agreements. The adaptability aspect needs attention. Although things are done in a flexible way and improved ways are adopted, however it has been noticed that stakeholders' interests are often ignored and change meets with resistance. Employees have a clear sense of mission that fills their hearts with enthusiasm, but organization's clear future strategy and employees' shared vision about organization's future is missing to some extent. In addition, short-term thinking often preoccupies long-term vision. "t" test was applied to analyze hypotheses and "chi-square" test was applied to analyze items. Recommendations were made in chapter V of this thesis
Dynamics of professional development of teachers at secondary level
(UMT, Lahore, 2003) Zuhra Saeed
The primary purpose of the study v»as to know the perceptions of secondary school teachers towards professional development programs available in the forms of refresher courses, seminars, workshops, in-service training and short training programs, fhe aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of facts from teachers point of view. In order to explore the above-mentioned process, this study reveals the information about the areas of professional development programs, current standard of professional development programs as well as suggestions to improve the situation positively. Data analysis reveals that secondary school teachers attended the programs, which, were organized by school management. Quantitative data analysis reveals that there was no significant difference in the responses of male/ female, public sector or private sector, below thirty-five or thirty-five and above, teaching experience less than five years or five years and above. Frequency distribution shows that there should be increase in the content knowledge of the teacher in the relevant subject, individual needs analysis; classroom management skills and observations of other schools were the most significant areas for professional development programs. Qualitative data analysis strengthens the views further and teachers expressed their views in detail. Teachers discussed their needs and current situations. They wanted their presence in arranging these activities and full involvement, which could help them to walk right direction of professional growth. They want to participate by utilizing their full energy but due to lack of their participation, they don't achieve the goals. Though the scope of study was limited to the area of Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore, yet this study can be helpful for school management, administration and programs organizers

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