Department of Economics

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/232

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Browsing Department of Economics by Author "Ayesha Wajid"

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    The impact of inflation and economic growth on unemployment
    (3rd International Conference UMT, Lahore, 2013) Ayesha Wajid; Rukhsana Kalim
    This study is conducted to explore the impact of inflation and economic growth along with trade openness and urban population on unemployment for a case of Pakistan for the period from 1973 – 2010. This study uses Augmented Dickey Fuller (1981) Test to test unit root problem and in order to find out the long run relationship among unemployment; inflation, economic growth, trade openness and urban population as share of total population, we have applied Johansen – Juselius (1990) Maximum Likelihood Approach. This study concludes that inflation significantly increases unemployment in the long term; economic growth has a significant adverse impact on unemployment in the long run and in the short run respectively, and the impact of trade openness on unemployment is positively and insignificant in the long run but this impact becomes significant in the short run. Finally, the findings of the study sheds light on the impact of urban population as share of total population on unemployment for both long run and short run, and it has found that urban population as share of total population has an adverse impact on unemployment in the long run as well as in the short run.
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    Some non-price factors that fend off unemployment in Pakistan
    (Munich Personal RePEc Archive, 2013) Muhammad Shahid Hassan; Ayesha Wajid; Dawood Mamoon
    The study empirically analyzed the impact of financial development; foreign direct investment and urban population as share of total population on unemployment in Pakistan for the period from 1973 – 2010. Empirical findings of this study suggest that financial development does reduce unemployment significantly in the short run and in the long run. Foreign direct investment reduces unemployment in the long run but, it increases unemployment in the short run. Moreover; the urban population as share of total population is significantly increasing unemployment in the long run, whereas, it reduces unemployment in the short run.
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    Testing relevance of twin deficit for a transition economy like Pakistan.
    (Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences., 2015) Ayesha Wajid; Muhammad Shahid Hassan
    The relationship between trade defi cit and fi scal defi cit has remained an important topic in the last decades. The literature reveals many attempts to investigate the relationship between the two defi cits, while terminologies like Keynesian Proposition, Ricardian Equivalence, and Targeting Current Account Defi cit are used for the relationship between the two defi cits. The literature also highlights the possibility of unidirectional or bidirectional causality between these defi cits for different countries and different time spans. These four possibilities have inspired us to investigate these possibilities in the light of many control variables like unemployment, urbanization, money supply, foreign direct investment, and economic development in the case of Pakistan. The fi ndings of the study reveal that fi scal defi cit signifi cantly accelerates trade defi cit into both long term and short term; hence, it supports the Keynesian Proposition in Pakistan, while a bidirectional causality between fi scal defi cit and trade defi cit into both long term and short term was also observed. Moreover, the mean and variance of error term were also found to be structurally stable which confi rms the absence of structural break for the selected period in Pakistan. In the end, based on these fi ndings, this study has concluded that two possibilities prevail out of four on the relationship between fi scal and trade defi cits. The twin defi cit is relevant and it does prevail in a transition economy like Pakistan
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    Urbanization as a way to open economy: empirical evidence from Pakistan
    (IDOSI Publications, 2012) Muhammad Shahid Hassan; Ayesha Wajid; Khalil Ahmed
    Urbanization expands the size of people in the cities, ............... and long term direction of causality between urbanization and trade openness for the period from 1975-2010.