Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of ziziphus mauritiana
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Date
2019
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Publisher
UMT, Lhr
Abstract
Ziziphus mauritiana is an important medicinal and traditional plant that has been used in the treatment of various diseases. This research work evaluated the phytochemicals from the leaves and pulp of Ziziphus mauritiana and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Methanolic extract of leaves and pulp of Ziziphus mauritiana was prepared through maceration by using methanol. Qualitative phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of tannins, saponins, phlobatanins, alkaloids and flavanoids in methanolic extract of leaves and pulp of Ziziphus mauritiana while steroids were absent in both samples. The percentage of sugar contents in pulp and leaves was 57.3 % and 37.89 % respectively. Total phenolic contents were measured by UV-Visible spectrophotometry method at 765 nm by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The contents of TPC in pulp and leaves extract of Ziziphus mauritiana were 29.8 mg GAE/g and 25.8 mg GAE/g respectively. Antioxidant activity of leaves and
pulp extracts was determined by using DPPH radical-scavenging activity assay and measured by UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 517 nm. The percentage inhibition at
different concentrations 25 μL, 50 μL, 75 μL and 100 μL was measured for both pulp and leaves extract of Ziziphus mauritiana. Pulp extract showed maximum percentage inhibition of 82 % at maximum concentration of 100 µL whereas leaves extract showed maximum inhibition of 74 % at maximum concentration of 100 µL. Ascorbic acid was used as reference standard, which gave 96% antioxidant activity with the same concentration. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Ziziphus mauritiana leaves and pulp was tested by Agar well diffusion method against two Gram positive bacteria including Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and three Gram negative bacteria including Klebsiella pnemoniae, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Salmonella typhi. Imipenem was used as reference standard. For pulp extract, the best antimicrobial activity has been shown against Bacillus subtilis with measured zone of inhibition 17 mm and for leaves extract, the best antimicrobial activity has been shown against Klebsiella pnemoniae with measured zone of inhibition 20 mm. The results of the present study show that pulp and leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana are sources of various secondary metabolites, are strong antioxidants and also possess antimicrobial activity.