Correlation between vitamin d level and blood pressure: a cross-sectional study from pakistan
Loading...
Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UMT, Lhr
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure, is one of the world's most chronic diseases. The association between vitamin D supplementation and blood pressure has been investigated in the past, but the underlying mechanism in the general population remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to address these knowledge gaps. Current study is designed to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D levels in different regions, ages, and genders among the Pakistani population. In addition, this study also evaluates the association of vitamin D levels with hypertension among people. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 750 people from both provinces were included. The semi-automated chemistry analyzer was used to determine biochemical parameters such as triglyceride and cholesterol. Whereas vitamin D was quantified using the specialized chemical analyzer VIDAS ®. Current study enrolled a total of 772 people (mean ± SD: 50.50 ± 17.41) from the two provinces of Pakistan. Among 772 peoples, the maximum age group 41-50 years (18.8%; n=145) followed by 61-70 years (17.6%; n=136). In the Punjab province, a total of (42%; n=217) people were found with the normal vitamin D level (31-100 ng/dl). In addition, (31%; n=160) peoples were found with insufficiency of vitamin D level (21-30 ng/dl) while, (29%; n= 150) found deficient vitamin D level (≤20 ng/dl). However, the number of potential toxicity was found among (3%; n=16) people. Simultaneously, In KPK, a total of (29%; n=74) of people were found with the normal level of vitamin D (31100 ng/dl). In contrast, a total of (38%; n=97) were observed as the insufficient level of vitamin D (21-30 ng/dl), followed by (29%; n=74) of people who were reported to have a deficient level of vitamin D (≤20 ng/dl). However, (4%; n=10) people were reported with a vitamin D level in the potential toxicity level (≥100 ng/dl). Furthermore, in the first group i.e.., deficient (≤20 ng/ml), the regression analysis further showed the significant correlations with both systolic and diastolic blood Pressure p < 0.05, with the odd ratio of 1.107 (95% CI = 1.008-1.227) for systolic hypertension, while the odd ratio 1.099 (95% CI= 0.976-1.123) for diastolic hypertension. The relation between hypertension (both systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and vitamin D levels revealed a significant difference. Since Pakistan is a subtropical country, it was previously thought that vitamin D insufficiency and its adverse effects are unknown. However, it was shown that vitamin D insufficiency was quite prevalent in persons with hypertension in Pakistan, underscoring the importance of early vitamin D treatment. However, randomized-control studies with long-term interventions and large sample sizes with low vitamin D levels are needed to validate these findings.