A critical discussion on public order, state interests and the threat of gang criminality
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Date
2025
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Publisher
UMT.Lahore
Abstract
This study examines the complex interplay of theories, issues, and events that influence the state's approach to gang violence in Pakistan. It explores alternative policing strategies and analyzes how the perspectives of gang unit officers shape law enforcement responses. The research highlights the urgent need for federal and provincial governments to address widespread urban violence, particularly in major cities like Karachi, which witnessed a peak in targeted killings in 2013. The persistent threat posed by criminal gangs and terrorist networks undermines national security and democratic stability. The study also delves into the political-criminal nexus involving major political parties and the role of sectarian and ethnic violence, especially in regions like Baluchistan. It argues for a comprehensive response involving good governance, civilian-led police reform, and socio-economic interventions. Without structural reforms and effective policing, urban centers will continue to serve as operational bases for militant and criminal elements, threatening long-term stability in cities like Karachi and Lahore.
Keywords: urban violence, gangs, policing strategies, Pakistan security, Karachi violence, targeted killings, terrorism, sectarian conflict, criminal networks, political-criminal nexus, law enforcement, provincial governance, Baloch insurgency, Taliban in Baluchistan, civil-military relations, urban militancy, police reform, good governance, ethnic conflict