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Item Relationship between students’ motivation(UMT.Lahore, 2015) YASEMIN SEKERThe study explored relationship between students’ motivation, parents’ education and their academic performance. It were hypothesized that there will be positive correlation among variables of this study; student motivation, parents’ educational level and student’s academic achievement. It was intended that student with higher intrinsic motivation will outscore those with higher extrinsic motivation in academic achievement. Students whose parents are educated will also be more motivated and will have greater academic achievement, than the wards of less educated, parent. A selected set of 14 items from MSLQ questionnaire were used in this study. First 4 questions are related to intrinsic goal orientation. Second 4 questions were from extrinsic goal orientation concerns and another 6 items were related to value component. Previous researches indicate that these scales can be successfully used for student population in predicting their learning performance. The study was carried out on the sample of 94 high school students of 8 to 9 class from Lahore Pak-Turk School. Students’ age ranged between 14 to 15 years. According to the results of this study there was significant positive relationship between students’ motivation, their academic performance and their parents’ education level. The intrinsically motivated students had higher academic achievement, than those who were weak in intrinsic motivation. Similarly, having stronger intrinsic motivation, they outscored in academic achievement, those who were strong an influence extrinsic motivation. Finally mother’s educational level had a positive and significant on the academic achievement of the student. Father’s education did not have such influence. The research establishes the positive role of intrinsic motivation & mothers education influencing students’ academic achievement.Item The psychosocial problems of the mother caregivers of the children suffering with psychological problems(UMT.Lahore, 2015) RABIA AHMADThe purpose of this study to examine the experience of mother care givers, the problems they are facing and their health and the coping strategies. The purpose of the study is to investigate the perceptions of mother caregivers who are living with children suffering with psychological problems. Using qualitative research methodology, five participants were selected (convenient sampling) for semi-structured interviews. All the participants were mothers taking care of their psychologically disturbed children. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and a qualitative content analysis was conducted. Analysis was conducted by forming codes, and emerging categories and themes that provided an interpretation of the challenges as perceived and as experienced by the mother caregivers. Mothers experienced psychological and emotional distress, social and economic challenges, and health issues. Most caregivers were women. Young mothers were more active. More social support from family corresponds less depressive symptoms among caregivers. Caregivers with no moral support had symptoms of isolations, fears and depression. Increase of economic burden made more depressive symptoms and helplessness.Item Relationship between obesity and screen time(UMT.Lahore, 2015) Saliha FarooqThe current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between obesity, depression and screen time. The objective of the study was to see if time spent using computer, cell phone or watching TV, for example, is associated with obesity. Moreover, the extent to which depression is linked to screen time and obesity was examined. This is a correlational research. A sample of 112 undergraduates was provided with questionnaires. Weight and height were measured, and Body Mass Index was calculated. Center of Epidemiologic Depression Scale –Revised (CESD-R) was used to measure depression. The obesity was related to depression and no relation was seen between depression and screen time and screen time and obesity. Independent sample t-test showed the difference between BMI in males (M=12.60, SD=8.65), in females (M=10.74, SD=5.46); t (110) = -1.390, p=.000. In Screen time, males (M=51.10, SD=32.11) report more than females (M=36.07, SD=26.81); t (110) = -2.683, p=.098 while in depression, there is no significant difference between female (M=20.53, SD=17.25) and males (M=21.28, SD=15.44); t (110) = -.236, p=.442.There is no significant relation between depression and screen time r (110) = .044, p=.645. Significant difference is seen between depression and BMI (r (110) = .205, p= .030) while no difference has been seen between screen time and BMI (r (110) = .151, p =.113). Our results shows that BMI predict depression (β=.205, t (111) =5.13, p<.001) and explain 3.4% of the variance. The correlation was .504 with the significance value of .000. The study exposes the factors that lead to obesity and depression. Depression was seen to be caused by high level of obesity and sedentary behavior. The high level of sedentary behavior was directly related to chances of rising obesity.Item Suicidality across adolescence(UMT.Lahore, 2015) Syeda Fatima FarooqThe study explores the tendency of suicidal ideation and behavior in adolescents. It also explains the factors that impacts suicidality. This research has been done to explore the contribution of the psychosocial factors specially loneliness in suicidal ideation, its differential effects among adolescents and also aim to discover the correlation between loneliness and social isolation and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, we aim to evaluate the intensity in suicidal behavior with respect to gender differences. This is a cross-sectional study. The research has been conducted by distributing questionnaires to a sample of 250 students aged 14 to 25. Suicidality was measured by the Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire Revised (Osman, et al. 2001) while to measure feeling of loneliness; we used revised UCLA loneliness scale (Russell, Peplau, & Ferguson, 1980). An independent sample t-test was conducted to explore gender differences. To investigate correlation between age and loneliness with suicidality, we conducted regression analyses. Age is not significantly associated with suicidality, r(229) = -.033, p=.623. Results of the correlation analysis showed that loneliness is significantly and positively correlated with suicidal ideation and behavior, r(229) =.240, p <.001. Loneliness significantly predicted suicidality β =.240, t (230) =3.73, p<.001, and explained 5.8% of the variance. The results of this study show that suicidal ideation is significantly correlated with loneliness. Furthermore, there is insignificant gender difference. Age is not significantly associated with suicidality. As an intervention strategy, teaching social skills and optimism are most effective. Key words:Item Attitude towards gender role stereotype among adolescence __________________________________________________________________(UMT.Lahore, 2015) NOVAIRA SAJJAD MUGHALGender stereotype are present in every culture both positive and negative. People often suffer from and get affected by the barriers caused by the gender stereotypes in their daily life. Adolescence is a stage where the individual is more vulnerable to get affected by these stereotypes. This research covers the views of adolescents, whether they approve or denounce the gender stereotypes set by the society. For this purpose, questionnaires with gender stereotypical statements were constructed and aimed at participants of ages 10-15 years i.e. early and middle adolescents, from classes of 6-8 and the non-school individuals. About 113 school students participated, with 30 who either dropped out of school or never attended a school. The purpose of the research was to find out the thought process of adolescents about the gender role typecast prevailing in the society. The research studied which gender is more likely to follow these genders stereotypes. Does the intensity of gender stereotypical thinking decreases if the individual has sibling(s) of the opposite sex? Is there an inverse relation between gender stereotypical thinking and years of education? What factor does age play in the intensity of gender stereotypical thinking? Is the thinking of gender stereotype more in non-school individuals than the school individuals? Results indicated that boys are more stereotypical than girls and to find that, differentiation in the responses of both gender was compared. Two factors mainly were selected to find the effect on the gender stereotypical thinking Sibling and Education. The data analysis suggests the effect of opposite sex sibling on the gender stereotypical role was nil. On the other hand the hypothesis that non-schooled adolescence are more stereotypical , results suggest opposite of it , indicating that school student are more stereotypical than non-schooled. In educational institute the gender stereotypical thinking was near to constant from 7-8 and had little difference from class 6.Item Internalization of patriarchal ideas and its psychological impact on women(UMT.Lahore, 2015) ZAINAB IKRAMThe primary objective of this study is to explore the factors associated with endorsement of patriarchal beliefs. We investigated if education negatively impacts patriarchal beliefs system in men and women. Furthermore, the influence of the internalization and acceptance of patriarchal ideology on women’s self-esteem was studied. Self-report data was provided by two hundred participants recruited from University of Management and Technology, including students, teachers and staff-workers (aged >18), years of formal education, patriarchal beliefs, and self-esteem using Urdu translations of these psychometrically valid instruments: Self-Esteem scale (Rosenberg1965) and the Patriarchal Beliefs scale (Emery et al., 2013). As a result, there was a significant negative correlation between the level of education and patriarchal ideology in both men and women (r = .038, p< .05). Moreover, there is a negative significant correlation between the patriarchal beliefs and self-esteem in women (r = .039, p< .05). Findings show that education protects against the maintenance of patriarchal ideology. In women, the endorsement of patriarchal beliefs is associated with a lower self-esteem and hence could be a risk factor for psychological distress in vulnerable population. Instilling feminist ideology may promote self-esteem and mental health in Pakistani women.