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Item Phenomenology of Dreaming in the Dark While Living in a Society(UMT.lahore, 2020) Zoya Yameen KhanThis study presents the social phenomenology of dreaming based on qualitative methodology through interpretive approach. With purpose to contribute to the sociological explanation of dreaming literature, the study claims social context as an important factor in formulation of dreams. The study views the phenomenon of dreaming through Symbolic Interactionist Perspective in order to guide the research. It is aimed at recording visually impaired individuals’ perceptions about their lived experiences of dreaming and explaining the phenomenon of dreaming. For the purpose, interpretive phenomenology analysis was conducted over data collected via in-depth interviews along with observation to capture the thick description of the participant. The sample consisted total six (6) participants who were congenitally (3) as well as adventitiously (3) visually impaired. The participants were recruited via snowball and purposive sampling along with getting help from the gatekeeper. Following a phenomenological research design, the collected data will be analyzed through Interpretive Phenomenology Analysis (IPA). The findings displayed influence of social context over dreams, dreamer’s feeling playing dreams and dreams controlling dreamer’s feelings, composition and richness of experience of dreaming, and social support affecting dreams; implying that dreams are socio-psychological rather than psychological. The study was limited to explain true dreams however, some observations were made based on patterns emerged from data and keeping literature in view. Furthermore, research implications along with recommendations are given at the end of the studyItem Non Formal Education is the major force of literacy improvement(UMT.lahore, 2020) Qamer ZamanNon formal education is prevailing education without the limitation of specific time and place. Through Non formal education at brick kilns educate those children who are not gone to any school before, due to unavailability of educational institution. A study of these ignorant communities shows much interest with education and students keen devotion for study. Qualitative method chooses for study and procedure request phenomenology is vital to comprehend with regard to non formal basic education. Unit of analysis is Non formal education at brick kilns in Gujranwala Pakistan. 10 to 12 people selected as respondent with their school going child. Data collected through indepth interview audio recording and researcher use interview guide. Study shows that brick kilns people are living hand to mouth life. They are unable to send their children to school which distance 5 or more than five kilometer. Children works with their parents in fields after school timing hour but they also done their home work timely and studied with full devotion. Even they have a future dreams after completion of their study. Teachers show much interest for teaching, Students and parents are satisfied on the performance of teacher.Item UNDERSTANDING THE EXPERIENCES OF BREAST CANCER(UMT.lahore, 2020) Uzma NasirAn increased trend of occurrence in breast cancer prevalence is mostly seeing in the women of age group between thirty to thirty-nine years old. As per finding of cancer places the patients in a circumstance where in effort to comprehend/understand life happens. In few cases, the breast cancer understanding ends up in a condition of 'free fall', when an existential considerate experience could spare the patients complete adoring mind and may end up being a common dealing with death and sufferings. Shyness and individual humility are regular characteristics in every single Pakistani woman. All members feel that breasts are touchy pieces of a woman’s body, which must be hiding constantly. They sensed vulnerable to let male professionals do their breast assessments. Issues identified with breasts are not directly examined with moms, little girls, or other more distant family individuals in Pakistani society. All members affirmed that there is inadequate consciousness and knowledge with respect to breast health between the Pakistani people group, which is because of absence of instruction and a legitimate gathering to open examine these issuesItem PERCEIVED DETERMINATION OF CONTINUING THE USE OF SMARTPHONE AMONG PARENTS FOR HEALTH RELATED INFORMATION FOR THEIR CHILDREN(UMT.lahore, 2020-09-14) Mohsin MuslimPakistan has witnessed fastest growth of smartphone over last few years. Previous researches suggested that parents use smartphone for health advice using google and other online sources. Studies conducted in past also discovered some depending factors for parents’ internet and smartphone usage practices. There is not enough work done on theory-based systematic study to evaluate determination of parents of using smartphone for children health related information.Item Representation of Female Immorality in Pakistani Media. A content analysis on Pakistani dramas (2018-20202)(UMT.lahore, 2020) QuratulainThis study aims to investigate the image and portrayal of women in Pakistani Television Dramas regarding the biasness, depiction and role providence. A majority of people in Pakistan consciously or unconsciously believe that dramas or movies are often said to be the reflection of the society. As far as showing women as criminals in dramas, things seem to have only worsened over time. In most of the dramas of recent times, a woman is depicted either unfaithful, liar or cunning. These dramas arguably encourage crime stories among young girls. Women crime stories have become top stories in Pakistani television dramas: as it has taken a lot of importance not only because of women issue but crime stories as well. The present study explores the Representation of female criminality in Pakistani electronic media. The methodological tools of content analysis and critical discourse analysis will be used to investigate that how media portrays females as criminals in dramas. Three Pakistani most popular dramas will be taken as sample in which females are portrayed as worse criminals. Even after the advent of feminism and social progress in the current era, Pakistani society still retains its identity as a strict one regarding morals, customs and culture. Despite the fact, that women are represented as strong, liberal, or clever. The study examines the controversial image of women as presented in Pakistani television dramas.Item Institutional Production of Drug Addicts-An Analysis of Prison System(UMT.lahore, 2020) Muhammad Hamza NaeemThe core purpose of this study was to identify the institutional production of drug addicts in which the prison is itself an institution. The main objective of the research was to present a critical analysis of the National Anti-Narcotic Policy of Pakistan and its relation with the prison system. To recognize several ways in which implementation of drug prevention leads to a wide circle of violation of human rights in Pakistan and to set different strategies and solutions with the help of human rights through Drug Control System. This study is free from any kind of participant involvement and in-depth interviews because of the Deadly COVID-19 restrictions. For analysis, secondary way analysis was used. Data was analyzed by using a relevant drug policy of Pakistan known as the Policy Analysis. Drug Policy and human rights gave a clear and lucid way to analyze the prison system and the incarcerated drug addicts – their specific treatment and rehabilitation. Data analysis was done with the help of Policy Analysis.Item A THESIS PRESENTED ON(UMT.lahore, 2020) Samreen SarwarThis thesis is about utilization of Antenatal care services in pregnancy in rural shakargar. Investigations have been made to identify the multiple factors, barriers and provider perspectives of low use of Antenatal care services. Maternal mortality is still a big public health problem in Pakistan. To improve the maternal health there is need to implement the strategy of four Antenatal care service visits should be ensured. Utilization of antenatal care services influenced by multiple factors that varies from one country to another. The socio-economic condition, less knowledge about the Antenatal care services and the attitude of the rural people towards the public health care services are considered as population factors. This study explored the public health services facilities and providers behavior towards the Antenatal care services. Timely seeking antenatal care services are essential for healthy outcomes of individuals and communities. Understanding the antenatal care services and behavior towards the utilization of health care services are important for the development of health care system educational strategies and appropriate health policies. The behavior of rural people about antenatal care services depends on the nature of complaint and social circumstances. The purpose of the research was to assess the perception of pregnant women and their families regarding health seeking behavior during pregnancy and its complications. To evaluate the barriers regarding health seeking behavior during pregnancy. To evaluate the facilitators regarding health seeking behavior during pregnancy.The scope of the study is to improve the health of mother and child the antenatal care services are considered important in this study. The research provides the recommendations for improving the primary health care services for pregnant women‟s in rural areas and helps to make possibilities easy to access antenatal care services.Item Is social media making us Narcissistic? a study review on increased use of social networking sites in Pakistan(UMT.lahore, 2020) Ayesha QadeerOver the past decade, the rapid evolution of social media has impacted on human life style. In response, scholars and practitioners have sought to begin an investigation of the myriad of ways that social media impact human life. To date, research evidence on a range of consumer. Activities on social media through the diverse literature. The principle aim of this research is to find out the motivations behind the selfie posting on social media network sites. During the research we discuss the existent research and describe the theoretical frame work and summaries key research finding and themes in to coherent social media framework relevant to social media activities of individuals. Finally we offer recommendation for future work on narcissism on social media.Item Perception of Teachers regarding leadership skills among students of Private Schools in Lahore.(UMT.lahore, 2020) Aaleen ZainabThis study examined the perceptions of teachers regarding leadership skills among students and their experiences, participating in a school-based leadership program. In the today world adults and students are facing new challenges in their professional life. According to many researchers it is said that problems cannot be solved by leadership skills. Leadership is no longer believed to be an inborn trait, but rather something that can be taught and learned. This thesis aims to understand how the teachers perceive leadership skills and its importance at School. Where, the research has expressed the main points which help to enlighten leadership skills among students. Qualitative detailed interviews were held with a total of five diverse teachers from the schools. The key themes were identified by using the qualitative research analysis scheme. The outcomes have shown the importance of leadership activities for students. According to the results, students having exposure of extracurricular activities were found to be participating in leadership activities. They had more developed leadership qualities. The senior students play influential role in recruiting students for leadership activities.Item COMPARISON OF SPOUSAL CONFLICT AMONG WORKING AND NON-WORKING MARRIED WOMEN IN THE CITY OF LAHORE(UMT.lahore, 2020) Fatima ShahidThe present study making comparison of spousal conflict among working and non-working married women in the city of Lahore. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be a difference between spousal conflicts of employed married women and housewife. Also, there would exist a difference of spousal conflict across different socio-demographic variables including women work domain, family system, house status, husband’s qualification, husband’s income and marriage duration. Romantic Partner Conflicts Scale RPCS (Zacchilli, Hendrick & Hendrick, 2009) was used as a tool of data collection. The convenient sample of 200 married women with an equal proportion of 100 working women and 100 housewives was drawn from the study population. The sample for working women comprised of all married women working in any public or private college or university in Lahore. The independent sample t-test and Anova was employed to compute the results. The findings of t-test revealed that there exist a significant difference between spousal conflict of working and non-working married women in the city of Lahore. Working women were found to be experienced more spousal conflict as compared to housewives. College teachers experience more spousal conflict as compared to university teachers. Women living in nuclear family are also prone to more spousal conflicts as compared to women in joint family system whereas house status does not make any significant difference on spousal conflicts of married women. Whereas the results of Anova test revealed that wives of higher qualification husbands experience more spousal conflicts. Wives of low income husbands also experience more spousal conflicts whereas marriage duration also identified a significant difference in spousal conflict. The study will contribute to the existing literature of spousal conflict with respect to working and non-working married women and will also prove a step forward for formulation of such policies and rules that can get ease for working women at their workplace.Item Influences of Children’s Literature on Child’s Conceptualization of Family Structure(UMT.lahore, 2020) Iram BukhariThis study is focused on the relation between the literature of children and its impact on the perception of the children about the family structures. Literature plays a vital role in the early lives of the children to make a strong foundation for the coming years of their lives and how they would react to different circumstances in life. Literature provides the basic concepts of the family and surroundings to the children in their initial academic years which last long in their personality as well. This study uses a interviews, discussions and drawings of the children about family structure as tools of qualitative data collection. The study found that the children can understand different aspects of the other family structures around them if the they are guided in the right direction through literature and discussions. The teachers have a great deal of responsibility to guide the children in the right direction and use the literature to guide the children by understanding their family structure background and help them to understand the different family structures around them. The same responsibility lies on the literature content as well to define the concepts in a responsible manner and managing the different societal norms.Item Adjustment Experiences Of Women Having Physical Disability At Their Workplace And Domestic Level(UMT.lahore, 2020) Saman MehmoodCurrent research objectives were to explore the adjustment experiences of women having physical disability at their workplace and domestic level. The study adopted qualitative research methodology. Purposive sampling method has been used to draw sample. The researcher has conducted 10 in depth interviews with married disabled women having at least 1 child and also working full time with at least 2 year experience to collect data and used a thematic analysis of the transcription of interviews. Research findings showed by using thematic analysis identified that women believed that disability as a result of not only a natural process but also as a societal and traditional process. Married women with disability were facing issues of adjustment on their workplace and in their family life also. Married women with disability were feeling isolation, self-disrespect, and low income, unsupportive attitude of their family members. Moreover they also face economic and mobility issues as they are dependent on other people. Beside this they also face lack of familial support and working opportunities. They face discrimination at income level but in order to survive in the society and not to be dependent on others they are forced to continue their jobs.Item Implementation of plastic bags ban policy - Consumers perspective from a large city in Pakistan.(UMT.lahore, 2020) Maryam ZaheerBackground: plastic pollution is now the global and the social issue. Many countries should implemented the policies to get rid out the plastic pollution. Aim: This paper investigates the implementation of the plastic bag ban policy with an objective to highlight the consumer perspective on the government role of the policy implementation and also explore the consumers view on the use of alternative bags. Methods: The target population of the study was the students of UMT who lived in the Lahore. The sample was based on 15 semi structured in-depth interviews telephonic interviews from the UMT students. The sampling technique is convenience sampling. The data were analyzed by using thematic analysis technique.Item Religious Belonging as a Coping Mechanism for Transgender Community(UMT.lahore, 2020) Muniba TariqA phenomenological study were conducted to understand religious belonging of transgender community and to highlight the challenges faced by transgender in exercise of religion/religious practice. And also explore the use of religion as a coping mechanism by transgender community in facing adversary. Qualitative research method was used for this study. By using phenomenology as strategy of inquiry in-depth interviews were conducted from transgender community that is currently working at Akhuwat Foundation Lahore. Total six respondents were participated in this research study. Finding indicated all participants have consensus that they want to be a female because it is related to their inner satisfaction but due to their physical look their officially they used male names but in personal life they also have their female names. Five out of six participants indicated that their family disowned them and did not protect their basic fundamental rights. All participants faced discrimination and the attitude of people was very bad. They all face exploitation of their basic fundamental rights and people hurts their self-respect. Maximum participants pointed that they had been harassed by different people and all participants faced financial issues.Item A QUALITATIVE STUDY EXPLORING THE HEATH AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOR OF THE LEFT BEHIND ADOLESCENTS(UMT.lahore, 2020-09-17) Muhammad MustafaALL praises to Almighty Allah, the omnipotent, the most compassionate, who bestowed us with the potential and ability to complete the present work. Without Allah’s divine help, we would not have been able to achieve anything in our lives. All respects to Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.) the most perfect among all human beings ever born on the surface of the earth, who is forever a source of guidance and knowledge for humanity as a whole.Item REPRESENTATION OF TOXIC MASCULINITY IN PAKISTANI DRAMAS(UMT.lahore, 2020) Sana RazzaqThe research is about how toxic masculinity is being represented in Pakistani dramas. Toxic masculinity is a serious issue that is present today all around the world and demands serious attention. Something needs to be done about this issue. Media is trying its best to raise awareness about toxic masculinity and its consequences. For this research, a semiotic analysis of two Pakistani dramas which show toxic masculinity and its consequences is being done. Findings are that the toxic masculinity develops from childhood because of the ideals of masculinity and leads to destroying many lives. Therefore as a society, we need to change the ideals of masculinity so we can stop lives from being destroyed.Item Media Analysis of Cannibalism(UMT.lahore, 2020) Sidra SaeedThe topic of this research is media analysis of cannibalism. Cannibalism is a practice in which man eats man, it was in practice from early human history and still in millennium gold century this practice is going on. The meaning of cannibalism is eating flesh of same species, the research method is, qualitative research is used to gain in-depth study of the problem and to explain it briefly as well theological, phenomenal and thematic study patterns are used, the sample collection is secondary data which are news print, electronic media, pictures, live television interviews and live reports. Data analyzing results show that cannibals are sociological and psychologically ill people. It is the meanest and niche behavior towards humanity.