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Item Role of Lahore Electric Supply Company Public Relations Department and Consumer Awareness(UMT,Lahore, 2015) Ali A1 AasThis study investigates awareness level of the electricity consumers of Lahore Electric Supply Company (LESCO). Lindenmann Model has been used to assess the level of awareness given by the LESCO Public Relations Department to the electricity consumers. The research is quantitative in nature and the data has been collected through structured questionnaire with 25 closed-ended and one open ended question. The primary data of 497 electricity consumers from all the seven circles of Lahore region has been collected. The research includes both descriptive as well as inferential statistics like pie charts, histogram in descriptive portion and correlation regression analysis in inferential portion. Correlation's results show that there exists a 0.695 correlation that means both the variables are related to each other by almost 70 percent, which is a good correlation. Results of regression also state the same fact by showing the value of coefficient which is 0.695 that shows one-unit change in LESCO. Media awareness brings 0.695 or almost 0.7 units change in Consumer Satisfaction in positive direction. Moreover, different tests such as t-test, Chi square test and Combach alpha coefficient test have also been applied in order to check the reliability, stability and significance of the study. That actually proves the theory that increasing the media awareness by LESCO Organization will give its consumers more satisfaction. As per analysis of research and hypothesis, it has been concluded that the role of LESCO PR Department has not been effective in giving awareness to the consumers about the process of redressal the common electricity issues. Moreover, LESCO PR Department has also failed to build positive image of the organization in the mind of electricity consumers of LESCO. The research has also investigated that people usually do not follow the instructions given by LESCO Public Relations Department for the resolution of the electricity issues. Further, it has also been found out that LESCO Public Relations Department does not use all communication sources for the awareness of the consumers.Item Family Planning(UMT,Lahore, 2015)Overpopulation is a serious issue in Pakistan. In past, governments executed various communication campaigns countrywide to control the growth of population in Pakistan, but most of such campaigns failed to achieve desired objectives. This research was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of interpersonal and mass communication, and to observe the adoption level of family planning messages. Diffusion of innovation and two step flow of communication was applied in the research. A sample of 500 subjects was selected and multi-stage method was taken for analysis. The main thrust of research was quantitative research. Structured interviews of participants (of differing demographic characteristics) using interview schedule and through questionnaire data was collected from the residents of Punjab, the most populated province of Pakistan. Inferential and descriptive statistics was used to analyze data. Chi-square test was applied. The findings depicted that majority of respondents (74.3%) had knowledge about family planning, but very few of them were actually practicing. The awareness is more among females than males. However, this awareness is self-sought, rather than given by any NGO official or Government official. The main cause of not exercising family planning was wish for more children. However, among those who adopted family planning, interpersonal communication through lady health workers was an influential reason to convince the partners. Due to dearth of opinion leaders no influence existed between opinion leaders and awareness. Findings of the research concluded that in order to raise awareness regarding family planning, government with help of NGO’s should provide counseling to the illiterate people by using interpersonal communication.Item Representation of Women in the Oscar Winning Films by Sharmeen Obaid Chinnoy(UMT,Lahore, 2015) Naveed AnjumSaving Face (2012) and A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness (2015) are landmark films in the history of Pakistani media. Directed by Sharmeen Obaid Chinnoy, these Oscar winning films were produced by HBO and broadcasted in America. The subject of both the films is violence against women in Pakistan. This study uses qualitative analysis of the films in order to take out different themes and understand their connection to the message of violence against women as presented in these films. At UMT, Lahore, a group of 67 (males and females) of media students (Masters Level) was used as sample. They were shown the two films. A quantitative analysis on reception of the message of violence against women in Pakistan was done on the basis of reception theory by Stuart Hall. In the group that responded in favor of the dominant view, female respondents (58%) outnumbered the male respondents (42%). In the group which belongs to the negotiated and oppositional responses, male respondents (71%) outnumber the female respondents (29%). This difference in the response has significance in the process of communication. This refers to the question whether there is inherent bias towards opposite gender in the male and the female components of Pakistani society or is that the subjective point of view of the filmmaker in these films that makes the difference in reception.Item Framing of Jamat-e-Islami Bangladesh Leaders’ Execution: A Comparative Study of Pakistani and Bangladeshi Leading English Dailies(UMT,Lahore, 2015) Muhammad YousafNewspaper coverage of an issue leaves a positive or negative impact on the minds of public. This study examines the impact of framing of Jamat-e-Islami leaders’ execution in Bangladesh. Jamat-e-Islami leaders were accused of being involved in massacre and atrocity during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Framing analysis was employed. The purpose of study was to identify how the leading dailies ‘The Daily Star’ Bangladesh and ‘The Nation’ Pakistan have covered the event by using different frames in the same story to influence the public opinion. To investigate the issue, content analysis was conducted and framing as a tool was employed. Framing was analyzed from coding process which was done on two stages. On the first stage, open coding was performed. All the news text was read carefully and significant sentences and phrases were picked up and labeled according to the idea conveyed. On the second stage, all the labeled sentences and phrases were observed and analyzed thoughtfully to see if they show strong association to any of the seven frames extracted as result of first coding, i-e ‘National Vendetta frame, Historical Conflict frame, Human Rights frame, Public Reaction frame, Victory of Spectacle. Judicial frame and Religious frame. Five frames were extracted from the news story of ‘The Daily Star’ Bangladesh whereas four frames were extracted from the news story of ‘The Daily Nation, Pakistan. The frequency of occurrence of these frames is such as; National Vendetta frame was the most frequently used frame, Victory of Spectacle frame was second frequently used frame. Judicial frame was the third frequently used frame, Human Rights frame was the fourth frequently used frame, Public Reaction frame was the fifth frequently used frame while Religious frame was the least used frame in ‘The Daily Star’ Bangladesh. Whereas in ‘The Nation’ Pakistan, Historic Conflict frame was most frequently used frame, Human Rights frame was the second frequently used frame, Religious frame was the third frequently used frame while Public reaction was the least used frame. The study has concluded that the incident of execution was widely celebrated in Bangladesh as it was deemed justice with victim families whereas slighty contemplated and condemned in Pakistan. Key words: content analysis, Framing, Coding, Newspaper coverage, Jamat-e-Islami Leaders ‘execution, Bangladesh, Pakistan,Item EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MARRIED LIFE(UMT,Lahore, 2015) EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MARRIED LIFESocial media is defined as websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or to participate in social networking. With the emergence of social media, electronic-based forums are created, discovery of new information and new acquaintances are enhanced, reconnection with lost friends is facilitated, and communication by people from around the world has become easier. People who became friends through social media can subsequently be declared as husband and wife, but the marriage is becoming more vulnerable to threats posed by the social media. In other words, social media connect individuals who found themselves mutually compatible and ultimately become spouses. Just like they build homes, social media equally break families. Divorce rates have been increased over the last ten years due to social web site use. Social media websites can have a negative impact on relationships.Item STEREOTYPING OF WOMEN IN TELEVISION COMMERCIALS IN PAKISTAN(UMT,Lahore, 2015) TOOBA GHULAM NABIThis study seeks to explore the stereotyping patterns of women in primetime television commercials. The research method of quantitative research analysis is being used in this study for leading television commercials. Four leading TV channels were selected on the basis of most popular viewership, provided by the TV channels ranking. The two most popular news channels (Geo News & Aaj News) and two most popular entertainment channels (ARY Digital & Hum TV) were selected. Commercials broadcasted in prime time, from 7pm to 10pm were included in the analysis. The TV commercials shown in the prime time on Pakistani Television were analyzed for the phenomenon of gender stereotyping, focusing on women The unit of analysis was a full commercial for a product. With the help of literature eight coding categories were adapted in the content analysis. The instrument used to collect data, was closed ended questionnaire. SPSS 17 (Statistical Package for Social Science) software was used to analyze data in the form of Pearson chi-square test and frequencies & percentage of responses are shown in tables. The dissertation concluded that women are presented as dependent and more in subordinate positions and as users of products than men. Pakistani television commercials present women in specific manner and in particular role which mostly depicts average women of Pakistani society. Rarely females are presented in leading characters and roles e.g. administrators, supervisors and heads of business originations. They are given an impression by the media that they are dependent creatures and cannot work independently. They either need the help of their fathers’ brothers or their husbands. And that they are not able to move and work separately. The need is to bring change in the stereotypical presentation of females to make them equal contributors in society.Item Male Stereotypes in Television Advertisements in Pakistan: A content analysis(UMT,Lahore, 2015) Zainab Kamran MirzaThis is the study of male portrayal in television commercials. It focuses on male gender depiction in advertisements in electronic media. The study provides the evidence that male gender depiction in the advertisements is question on stereotypical portrayals. The content analysis is used as a research methodology. 710 broadcasted TVCs which have at least one male character are selected from three channels i.e Dunya News, Express News and Hum Tv. After eliminating public service messages, repetition of ads, paid content, animated ads, and ads with no human character, the sample of 60 ads was further coded for nine distinguished categories and sub-categories. Purposive sampling technique has been used for data collection. The outcome of the research question “what are the stereotypes associated with men in Pakistani advertisements?” supports the hypotheses “Depiction of men in TV ads is positively aligned with the traditional male role expectations of the society” and stereotypes of male gender roles exist today in our society and dominate the overall portrayal.Item Critical study of morning programs agenda in popular tv channels(UMT,Lahore, 2015) Sidra Jahangir.This study investigates the "Moming programs agenda in popular TV channels" through content analysis as a tool of data collection. Agenda of moming programs is the focus point. Agenda refers to theme and message of moming program. Puipose of observing agenda of moming show is to evaluate what message is being delivered by these shows to the people at large. Channels selected for this research are GEO TV, HUM TV, ARY Digital and PTV. One month period was being selected for monitoring i.e. April 2015. Monitoring of selected TV channels clarify the agenda of that channel. For the purpose of observing moming programs agenda in popular TV channels, agenda setting theory was being applied. Tlirough message and theme of tlie program we came to know about the agenda of that channel. As the purpose of the study is to evaluate moming programs agenda of popular TV channels, methodology of the research is quantitative analysis. Monitoring of moming transmission helped in data collection, leading to content analysis to measure the quality of programs. Parameters are developed in shape of table to collect data. This table helped in figuring out that what kind of approach TV channels are adopting. General findings of research revealed that mostly moming shows are highlighting themes related to women interest. Knowing the fact that house hold women are heavily engaged in moming shows, producers design shows according to women interest such as makeup tips, latest dress designs, new hairstyles, health tips, self-giooming, wedding shopping etc. These topics increase their interest in moming transmission and mostly women are watching 2-3 moming shows at a time to get more and more information.