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Item Managing District Administration through Elected Leadership: Assessment of Local Govt. Ordinance 2001 in Punjab(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Ahmad OsamaThis paper has attempted to briefly analyze the local government ordinance 2001 in Punjab. The paper explained the comparison between bureaucratic administration and elected leadership governance. The explanatory approach has been used for descriptive method. International organization finding provided evidence that is helpful to reach conclusion. Why this system lost its bindings after end of the term? Local government systems did not exist permanently in Pakistan, Local government systems came with Military rulersItem Structural flaws and basic issues in civil services of Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Syed Azeem HussainPakistan is dealing with its major institutional problems even when it has very strong institutions. Bureaucracy is one of the most important part of the governance. In the absence of this department of administration, the govt. of the country and the national system of Pakistan would never be so efficient and effective. Current bureaucratic structure has emerged in its present form after so many changes. Pakistan has inherited its civil services from Indian civil services which was established and rules by the British. With the passage of time, and emergence of this state, civil services also got developed for the policy making and its effective implementation. Civil service body involves the structure of Govt. officials called civil servants who are appointed to carry out the functions of the government and institution according to the guidelines of govt. head. But the competence and efficacy of policy formulation and its successful implementation is not sufficient for a developing state like Pakistan. Despite of the fact that Pakistan has over large bureaucratic system, efficiency of the bureaucracy is still on a question mark. Citizens of Pakistan thinks that the civil services has less innovation capacity even when they have high production capacity because citizens are aware of bureaucratic loyalty with politics and not with nation. The civil administration of Pakistan should have a main concern of amendments that alter the key institution into a leaner, more active, operative and responsible body. Pakistan is in a need to revisit its policies and reforms regarding civil services and governance problems to convert it into a developed state.