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Item The study of street lightning with alternate energy resources and its implications in housing schemes(UMT Lahore, 2020) Shahmeer; Hafiz Haseeb AhmedThe societies should be delightful when the factor of street light system is used for the proper functioning of the housing societies. The installation of new street light system in “Palm Jumeirah” with security system provides facility for the community to live their life peacefully. Lahore is the metropolitan it with more than 11.2 million population. In Lahore there are many societies that flourish their best street light system e.g.; Bahria town, Defence Housing Authority, Wapda Town. If we consider stats of different housing schemes than it shows that the ratio of the housing schemes which were already developed for more 30 years includes maximum ratio as compare to Bahria town, DHA, and Wapda Town. In Lahore most of the residence of the Government employees cooperative housing societies were facing the problem of street light system. To sort out the issue we do Questionnaire survey at our study to formulate the opinions of the respondents in a better way, so we gathered 100 responses for the maximum outcomes. The main issue that the community is facing are road accidents, street crimes, lack of night life for the community, lack of higher boundary walls along the vacant lands and nearest Basti, lackof mobile vigilance riders, and 54% street lights are damaged. From the analysis of respondents we were able to proposed innovative solutions.Item Fire hazard assessment in commercial areas of lahore(UMT Lahore, 2020) AMNA ALI; NAVEED NISAR; M. SHEERAZ NAZCommercial areas of Lahore have its own significance in the city, while no one ever thinks about the area whether it is safe or not. To analyze the role of disaster management in commercial areas of Lahore, the research selected first two phases of disaster management cycle which are (i) Perception and (ii) Preparedness. Considering the existing situation of Lahore commercial area, this research is divided into two study areas (i) Formal Markets or Multi Story Commercial Areas and (ii) Informal Markets or Traditional Commercial Markets. These areas have been surveyed and collected data. The analysis of data shows that informal markets have well perception of the occurrence of disaster while they lack in preparedness cycle. As well as formal markets are well prepared in both except one study area which is Hafeez Center, being victim of fire hazard disaster in previous leads to the safety concerns. This research allows to analyze the collected data and its indicators into different phases where as the study highly reflects to existing condition of fire hazard assessment of commercial areas of Lahore.Item Rethinking solid waste management in Punjab Local Government: A case of MC-Gojra(UMT Lahore, 2020) Talha Sabir; Tahmina HanifSolid waste management is a serious and widespread challenge in both urban and rural areas in many developed and developing countries. Municipal solid waste collection and disposal is one of the major urban environmental problems in many countries around the world today. Municipal Solid Waste Management solutions must be financially viable, technically sound, and socially, legally and environmentally friendly. The problem of solid waste management is a major challenge for city and city authorities. This research deals a re-thinking solid waste management in local government of Punjab, A case of Municipal Committee Gojra city. In this research an attempt has been made to re-plan of solid waste management of MC-Gojra which includes analysis and proposals on waste generation, collection to the filth depot, and transportation through different routes and transported to the disposal site. The researchers focus the waste generated across the city, detailed data on solid waste management practices including the waste collection, recovery and disposal have been presented. The researcher’s uses ODK (open data kit) app to get public opinions and public participation in in the preparation of solid waste management plans of their city but the public interest is zero percent. They didn’t give any single response. This research is based on waste generated from the household, commercial, construction waste, Hazards waste and slaughter house waste all are managed by the rethinking planning process.Item A comparative analysis on land use and services area coverage in selected asian metropolitans(UMT Lahore, 2020) HASSAN RAZA; WAQAS HUSSAIN TOORItem Identifying factors affecting the traffic congestion on main markets of Lahore(UMT Lahore, 2020) Nouman Abid; Mujtaba HussainLahore city is the most urbanized city. The Lahore city includes the highest population with biggest commercial markets. We do literature study to identify the factors effecting the traffic congestion and analyzed solutions to overcome these factors through innovative ideas. The traffic is increasing day by day with growing population. The Congestion is increasing day by day and our study includes that how to overcome the traffic congestion through following factors effecting the traffic congestion. We followed the proper methodology systematically to do our study in an efficient way. This thesis includes the brief detail study of main commercial markets at the Lahore city. Major commercial markets for our study are Moon Market, Barkat market, Liberty market, and Delhi Bazar market. These markets influence badly and cause traffic congestion. Detailed study of four markets including their land uses and road inventories. We have worked under the scope of our defined factors. We do analysis through expert opinions our survey is done by using survey source (Google forms). Our results are in the form of charts with percentages, then we select those factors which have more positive impacts on traffic congestion. This report also includes the Likert scale weightage to rate the factor, which is more crucial for controlling the traffic congestion. Different markets face different issues like first discussing about the moon market, the moon market has no pedestrian paths and pedestrian bridges on main roads. While Delhi bazar market has no pedestrian paths, no regular parking places. The liberty market area faces traffic congestion during peak hours because congestion charges are not implemented at this location. The study includes brief discussions about these study areas. Overall, the concept of ITS system will incorporate free flow movement of traffic and reduce the traffic congestion. We give solutions by proposing different innovative solutions at our study area. The moon market includes the pedestrian bridge with pedestrian paths. The Barkat market area includes the proposal of ITS system. The Liberty market includes the proposal of traffic congestion charges to overcome the growing traffic. The Delhi bazar market includes the proposal of Pedestrian paths and parking stand. The traffic congestion should be controlled ta Lahore city if we segregate the vehicle and non-vehicle traffic, and through implementation of innovative proposal we should overcome the growing traffic.Item Value of Transportation System for commuting:(UMT Lahore, 2020) Muhammad Ansub; Ali AzizItem Interaction of COVID-19 and Informal sector(UMT Lahore, 2020) MEHBOOB UL HASSAN; ABDUL QADIRCOVID has spilled over to all the countries, sectors, and socioeconomic groups of the communities in all over the world. Among all, some groups bear a larger chunk of burden. In particular, those workers and economic units in the informal economy are likely to face disproportionate impacts in terms of job and income losses. (Chacaltana, Lee, & Vanhuynegem, 2020). Most of the economic activities are carried out in informal ways in Lahore. Due to which a lot of problems occur for people and also for informal setup. Most of the people associated with informal economy belong to lower middle class and meet their daily needs on daily wages. Majority of the respondents in study area could hardly meet their needs before COVID-19 such as food expenses, education expense, and housing and travel expenses. Also, they face issues because of improper markets space allocated by the concerned authority in the city. The situation became worst during COVID-19. As, to contain the spread of the virus, the government of Pakistan imposed complete lockdown due to which it is difficult to carry out any kind of informal economic activities. During lockdown economic activities were halted because of impaired mobility, shortage of supply and decreased demand. Because of informality and no documentation government faced issues in taking care of lower middle class people. Although government initiated some relief programs to support the informal sector but most of the respondents claimed that those programs did not benefit them. Respondents showed low trust level in the relief measures taken by the government in response to COVID- 19.Item Ssessing the Impacts of COVID-19 on Entertainment Spaces: A Case Study of Lahore(UMT Lahore, 2020) MUHAMMAD FAHAD; SYED AMMARFrom the beginning of time humans have lived their lives to feed themselves and make his life easier and safer, but there is another thing humans have in their minds, the need to be entertained, humans unlike machines can’t just work and work, they need and want some sort of entertainment, to feel relaxed and free themselves from their work-a-day lives and their problems and issues, they need a way out to relax and blow off some steam. COVID-19 pandemic started in the end of 2019 and it started from Wuhan in China and it spread to the entire world with time, including Pakistan and it disturbed and disrupted all aspects of life and impacted the entertainment spaces on a major scale, this thesis shows the early impacts of covid on the entertainment spaces of Lahore city to give an overview of the impact of this pandemic on these places and their economic as well and social aspects.Item Exploring the dynamics of expanding cities in punjab in context of the formal & informal sector impacts(UMT Lahore, 2020) SYED NAD-E-ALI BUKHARI; NOMAN SAFDARhis project is about the growth trends of the major cities of the Punjab. Major cities that have been selected for this research is according to the highest population. Furthermore, the cities have been divided into two groups of five cities i.e. Northern Punjab & Southern Punjab. The aspects of the growth that has been studied in this research are the informal and formal growth of these 10 cities. The Time frame for this growth patterns have been selected from the 1998-2020. Supervised Classification method has been performed to identify the change in land use. On this basis the area of the cities has been calculated in different classes of land uses i.e. Agriculture, Built Up, Water Bodies and Barren Land. This research highlights the two type of development i.e. Formal and Informal Development. Formal Development include the Approved development by the Government Bodies while Informal Development include Illegal or Unapproved Development. Other major aspect that it covers is that how these formal and informal development is zoned. Then different types of comparison have been done on this data collected through primary and secondary data.Item Infrastructure Development & Low Cost Housing for Rural Development(UMT Lahore, 2020) Raza Ur Rehman Siddiqui; Maria SaddiqItem Governance Challenges amid COVID-19: Exploring the Performance of Solid Waste Management Sector in Lahore(UMT Lahore, 2020) Saliha Attique; Aqeel Mahmood Ahmad QureshiAs per the senses of 2017, Pakistan’s population turns out to be 207.8 million making it 6th most populous country in the world. Its rate of increase in population is 2.40 percent and it is highest in South Asia. With rapid population increase and urbanization, annual waste generation is expected to increase by 70% from 2016 levels to 3.40 billion tonnes in 2050. The waste is either thrown into open places or is burned in low income countries. Effective waste management is expensive, they might consume upto 50% of municpal budget. An efficient, sustainable, and socially supported system should be integrated. To manage solid waste safely has become a serious concern because it ultimately effects public health. Lahore is one of the largest metropolitan cities of Pakistan since independence. In many areas, solid waste is simply dumped in outskirts of city. As like developed countries, it is the need of time to think of green ways to reduce or reuse the waste. The research is about solid waste management, its types and international practices of SWM specifically domestic waste. It focuses on how the companies are putting efforts in SWM sector in Lahore and what are there institutional hierarchies of those companies. The COVID-19 situations in Pakistan is also discussed briefly. Moreover, its impacts on different sectors specifically SMW is keenly observed. Waste Management is one of the most important sanitary barriers to prevent dissemination of illnesses and diseases. It is important to recall that the continuity of the waste services is not only for municipal waste but also for hazardous industrial and healthcare waste. The companies that are working for waste management are always up for cleaning cities in their own domains. The companies like Abroo should be encouraged so more people thing about inaugurating businesses with such intentions on public and private sector. Further, the sanitary workers are performing well but they have lack of understanding against such pandemics.Item Leather goods factory.(UMT Lahore, 2020) MUHAMMAD AWAISThe concept of my factory is to design a building which can help its users to add up to their efficiency, productivity and illegibility. All the functions will run in a loop that will help them to accelerate their work. Adversely, Leather industry is effecting our environment. I’ll try to design my building in such a way to minimize the harm to our environment considering cost benefit analysis. The green technology these days allows us to make such measures that can help us to minimize industrial pollution. I try to use green architecture in my design. It will enhance the friendly building environment. Moreover, it will help the users and workers to upgrade their productivity.