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Item Advancement in garment machines and machines in pakistan's garment sector(UMT.Lahore, 2006) Ali MukhtarThis project is all about the advancement and innovations in the garment machineries. A brief description of the machines in Pakistani garment sector is also discussed in this project. So far garment sector has proven to be one of the fastest growing areas of textiles. Garments are considered as the pinnacle of the textile industry therefore more advance equipments and machines are required to produce high quality products. The formation of a complete garment is a process that is carried out throu^ cafain steps i.e. stitching, cutting, washing; dyeing etc. Different types of machines are used in each of these steps and in the 21®* century along with other developments the garment machines have also advanced a lot. In cutting for instance process has added more computer aided software in it. Now in hi^ quality producing garment industries totally computerized cutting systems are installed. These systems are ideal because they minimize the wastage percentage and can work faster than a worker. The chance of accuracy and creativity is also better than manual working. Gerber technologies are a reputed name in this sector. The Gerber technologies have introduced such a systems that has eliminated the workers from the scene in cutting. Now usually very few persons are required to perform the cutting process. It is a revolutionary step in garment cutting. Juki and Brother are the main innovator in the field of stitching machines. They have introduced machines that are controlled by a compute and are high speed machines with less broken or jump stitches. New advancement includes installation of wider pressure foot, automatic oil lubrication, reverse stitch and automatic bobbin winding device. Most of the new machines have such functions that sewing data and design can be stored in them. One can say that the major advancement is the automation of these machines. The garment dyeing/washing machines are ahnost same as that of used in the dyeing of woven fabrics. There are many machines in which both woven and knitted fabric is washed or dyed. Thies and Fongs are some of the leading manufacturers of dyeing machines. The main issue in the advancement of dyeing machines is the low liquor ratio. Most of the research and development in dyeing machines is on the basis of this issue. Theis have introduced many dyeing machines with low liquor ratio and many other new designs. Embroidery machines are a value added machines in the garment sector. New innovations have also introduced in these machines. Tajima and Lasser are some companies that have introduced many new concepts in these types of machines. The main concept is the automation of embroidery operation. Pressing machines and sandblasting machines are also adding value to the garment. Pressing is an essential part of a garment unit however the sandblasting is normally done for the denim fabric for fashion purposes. Innovators have touched various areas of garment machines, yet there can be many areas that are stilled undiscovered. Lets hope that in the coming years more advanced and beneficial milestone be achieved by garment manufacturesItem Samsan international(UMT.Lahore, 2006) Shuaib TahirItem Study of woven fabric defects in four different constructions(UMT.Lahore, 2006) MUHAMMAD WAQAS AWANThe basic purpose of Internship is to get know how about the practical knowledge and apply theoretical concepts on practical issues. This project is about the study of woven fabric defects in the four different construction of fabric. I have joined the Kohinoor Textile Mills to complete my Internship and after that I am doing the job here in production. I have discussed why the particular faults occurred in the particular type of construction, what are the reasons behind it and what are the possible remedies. I have co relate these faults with each of the construction type and by the help of graphical data I just compare those to get possible results. For the completion of this project I have to observe the looms for hours, weeks, and even months so that I can get much reliable data. At the end I had given my suggestions to minimizethese kinds of faults in the fabric making process.Item Analysis of sewing room problems for different type of garments and their possible remedies and practical solutions(UMT.Lahore, 2006) SHAHBAZ AHMADThe basic purposes of internship to get know how about practical knowledge and apply theoretical concepts on practical issues. This project is about the stitching problems, their solutions and reasons why these faults occurred and what are their practical solutions. In this project mainly I discussed about Akbar Enterprises sewing room problems as well as overall stitching problems and their remedies. I described in the initial what is stitching and what are the main operations of stitching which performed in stitching hall. Then discussed sewing room problems related to machine and after this mentioned in the project sewing room problems related to garments and entirely discussed their solutions and reasons of occurance.Item Final project on wastage control of ammar textile(UMT.Lahore, 2006) Muhammad Irfan AkramThe project as titled Knitwear wastage control of Ammar Textile is based on all the factors means the problems create lot of wastage in the factory. I have written all the departments create wastage. Basically, I have done that project only a problem showing and how to remove the problem for the departments. In this report, all the machine elements are described in detail to understand the knitting machine. From creel to the winder, each part has its own importance. Any of the part iminstalled can cause a great flaw to the machine as well as the fabric. The working, purpose,advantages and disadvantages of these parts have strengthened our technical knowledge.In Ammar Textile, there are number of core issues that are still facing by the management that was unavailability of man power, not high consignment, quality contiol and the free on board date. The main thing is that when any consignment IS due, management is carelessness because according to the time and action plan, they did not follow that sort of thing. The working procedures and purpose, advantages and disadvantages of these departments have strengthened our basic problems faced as well as technical knowledge. I have tried our level best to search for the best facts available for these parts. A fter reading this report, you would be able to easily understand the knitting machine and as well as the flaws created by these machine elements to the fabric are discussed in detail and the recommendations and precautions about these machine elements are also described. All in this entire project would definitely force the readership to read it again and would also be helpfid for others.Item Denim washing and its implications(UMT.Lahore, 2006) WALEED HASSAN AKHTARThis report is based on my internship period in the washing department of us apparel and textiles pvt ltd. US apparel is basically an exports oriented companytheir garments are mainly exported to Europe especially UK. During my internship period I visited all production departments like cutting, stitching and washing. Daily production of us apparel is 12000 garments. US apparel has aim to satisfy customers needs by manufacturing quality garments according to their requirements. During first two weeks I visited the whole organization and remaining weeks I spent in washing department. During my stay in washing department I spent first two weeks in research and development, second two weeks in washing maintenance department, third two woeks in after wash quality, and last four weeks in washing production. US apparels special emphasis is laid on production planning and operations coordination and control. Scheduling and control of operations is the function of the department of production planning and coordination, which reports directly to director operations. US apparel has eighteen latest washing machines these washing machines are not so much advanced, but still, all types of garments can be washed conforming to the required specifications of the buyer. During my stay at us apparel and textiles I found the company is so much aggressive, especially top management is taken keen interest in every day working .Their growth rate is too high during last decade at the moment US apparel is considered one of the top exporting companies in Pakistan. At the end I will recommend to improve efficiency and garment handling .Top management should revise production layout i.e. stitching should be transferred to ground floor near washing. Finally my stay in US apparel was very much practical oriented and I got chance to apply my theoretical knowledge at production floor and I suppose this stay is a great asset of my lifItem Final project of textile testing(UMT.Lahore, 2006) Hafiz Kashif NazirIn this report I have described most important & most difficult type of chemical testing related to textiles testing. I have described about Quantitative analysis of Formaldehyde applied on textiles. In chemical lab there are 4 main types of fabric testing. 1. Water testing: Through water testing we can measure the fabric pH & check the quality of chemical finishes applied for different purposes i.e Water repellency, Impact penetration, absorbance ability & degree of moisture wicked for the use of sports ability. 2. Colorfastness testing: Through this testing we can check the quality of textile dyes against water, washing, home & commercial laundering & other chemicals. 3. Qualitative testing: In this testing we check qualitatively of fabric finishes & dyes & other chemicals applied on fabric which are harmful for human being. 4. Quantitative testing: In this testing we check quantitatively fabric finishes & dyes & other chemicals applied on fabric which are harmful for human being .Chromatography , Spectroscopy & other instrumental techniques are involved in this testing. 5. Formaldehyde is the compound in quantative analysis. It is the simplest compound. This problem occurs only in woven fabrics most of the time. Most of the lots of woven fabrics are rejected due to this problem specially printed fabrics. In knitwear this problem is minor. 6. Chemical testing is the heart of the textile testing. In this department research is involved & lot of tests are awaiting due to lack of technical persons for development.Item Nishat dyeing and finishing mills limited(UMT.Lahore, 2006) MUHAMMAD BAQIRThe piirposes of writing this report to get the practical knowledge, this report also describe how practical life is different from educational life. This report includes the introduction of the organization with the introduction of each department. In bleaching department the properties of the chemicals and introduction of different machines, the main thing is I also given some qualities and according to qualities using of chemicals, temperature and speed of the machine. In dyeing department the system of dyeing of fabric, different dyes and according to dyes; .jsing of chemicals and different method of dyes application, the main thing is production report of two days, and "dyes temperature in chamber, washer, IR ratio, dye recipe, steamer temperature, and pad pressure" all in one page. In finishing department, finishing applying method and use of chemicals, purpose of Sanforizing machine and folding and packing zones. At the end I have discuss some problems, experiences, recommendation and conclusion etc.