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Item Design and fabrication of manual rice trans planter(UMT Lahore, 2021-06) Muhammad Anas Sohail Ahmad; Hannan Khizar; Haaris WaqarPakistan’s economy is largely dependent on agriculture, and it is among the best exporters of rice in the world. Pakistan’s annual rice production of year 2016-17 was 6.7 million tons. Even a small improvement in the production can generate large profits. This project is focused to provide an improved method for the cultivation of the seedling already grown for 20 days. Planting by planters is less labor intensive, economical, and fast. The main mechanism includes a picking mechanism that pick up a paddy and plant it on the field from the tray that moves to and fro using a scotch yoke mechanism and moves with a constant speed. The wheels drive the shaft, and the shaft gives torque to picking mechanism. The power to the scotch yoke mechanism is also given by this shaft with help of a set of spur gears to reduce speed and bevel gears transmitting the power at 90-degree angle. The complete system is coordinated with the help of specific calculated gear ratios of spur, sprocket, and bevel gears. Tray moves to and fro as a slider and is drove by scotch yoke system. Tray is set at an optimum angle of 45 degree so that the paddies mat slide on it due to its weight without any external force and feed is given to the picking mechanism. The purpose of the planter is to design a mechanized assembly operation for small-scale user-friendly Paddy planters that is less labour intensive and efficient. Structural Analysis was performed on tray and base plate with which factor of safety was found.Item Design and fabrication of miniature autonomous farming tractor(UMT Lahore, 2021-06) Omer Butt; Hamza Altaf Pirzada; Junaid Ali KhanPakistan is considered to be an agricultural country; agriculture holds most of its economy as a backbone. Of the 79.61 million hectors of land available to Pakistan, 50 % of it is cultivable but only 22.07 million hectors are cultivated however through the use of autonomous technology even with limited resources a farmer can utilize the land owned to its full potential. Additionally, with the advancement of autonomous technology and the integration of electric vehicles into the society the main concern is related to the emission of carbon dioxide produced through vehicle exhaust can be controlled to reduce the emissions further down. Pakistan is among the countries that are greatly affected by climate change. Therefore, by integrating towards electric autonomous vehicle Pakistan can reduce its emission gases significantly while providing the farmers with sustainable technology to help in labor man-hours reduction, maintenance of farms and provide a cost-effective solution to efficient farming. Furthermore, for this project the authors designed a autonomous tractor which can also be controlled using remote, identified the main components of autonomous driving, defined a path following controller for lateral and longitudinal vehicle control and tested the performance in Carla Simulator. To demonstrate the workability of the tractor, a production-built ATV (All Terrain Bike) was used as the frame of the design and with the gear motor to provide drive to the wheels of the tractor. For the implements used with the tractor for a farming a detachable mount was designed. A structural analysis was performed to find the stresses acting on the chassis from which a factor of safety was calculated. With this, the experimentation of the vehicle was commenced, in which tractor speed vs infrared (IR) object detection sensor performance was tested by moving the tractor at three different speeds and the performance of the IR sensor relative to the speed of the wheel was observed. A public survey was conducted from all groups of ages, in order to evaluate awareness about global warming, electrification, and autonomous tractors. The results obtained from the poll showed that the majority believed that autonomous tractors can outperform a human farmer with a significance of 61 % to 80 % while 24 % of the respondents believed that autonomous tractor can 81 % to 100 %out perform a human farmer.Item Design and development of automatic scissor lift mechanism(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Junaid Ahmad; Asadullah; M. TaimoorThe Scissor Lift Mechanism are often utilized as lifting frameworks in the business. These Framework are fundamentally liked to do support, fix and cleaning reason. In this project we have Design and Develop an automatic scissor lift. This Project preformed with having a load carrying Capacity of 150 KG and to raise, come down and stop at certain Heights. The 3-D Solid Design and assembly of the Automatic scissor Lift have been designed on mechanical software SOLIDWORKS. The Load Analysis of this project is also performed with the help of mechanical software ANSYS. Our project has a lot of uses in industry because we are making an automatic scissor lift which is controllable by Remote control and it can also go to at a certain height and come back to make our work easy. Our project is fully automatic which is powered with the help of a 12-volt DC Power Supply and we use a Hydraulic jack to lift the system up and down. The motor which is used in project is 12-volt motor and lift works on fully automatic mechanism and it is controllable with a Remote.Item Design and fabrication of stair climbing wheelchair(UMT Lahore, 2021-06) Raihan Ahmed; Zamin Imam; Azeem AdilWith increasing population of elderly and disabled people in Pakistan and around the globe, the cost of stair climbing wheelchair has always been an issue for the developing countries. This paper takes an alternative approach with aim to develop a cost-effective stair climbing wheelchair for Pakistan and other developing countries. The project utilizes tank mechanism for stair climbing and maneuvering. Theoretical calculations were done to finalize the structure of the wheelchair and the specifications for mechanical parts. A 3-D model of the wheelchair chassis was developed using SolidWorks and the structural rigidity was tested and analyzed using ANSYS simulation. The stair climbing wheelchair was powered using dc-geared motor. Micro-controller with android application was used to control the wheelchair to enable autonomous operation capability. It was concluded that the tank mechanism was relatively the cheapest and the overall mobility of disabled people was increased using stair climbing wheelchair.Item Design & simulation of painting manipulator(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Hassan Afzal; Talha YousafThe painting applications for industrial robots have increased extensively in the last decades because long term inhalation of paint was a major cause of “Lungs Cancer” in Humans. Robots are known for their accuracy which results in improved precision in repeated tasks. The main objectives of this project are to design a spray paint robotic manipulator to paint the object/sheet in 2 by 2 sq. ft. workspace. Machine vision is used to generate the path followed by the manipulator to perform desired task. The use of robots around the world is growing year by year because global competition in the market requires continuous automation and modernization of production processes, especially in the automotive industry. This paper reviews the basic requirements for developing robotic arms. Strategies require mathematical modeling and simulation, and are briefly explained in this report.Item Design and development of solar water desalination system using nano particles(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Muhammad Azam; Muhammad Usama Ashraf; Moeez-ul-HassanThis paper explores in detail the working and design of the parabolic trough collector (PTC), solar still (SS) and flat plate collector (FPC) with or without the usage of Nano particles. All these three devices are connected one after another and stores solar energy from sun light. In this paper the results of productivity have been observed for each Component of system separately. They are also connected for re circulation. Water depth of saline water is kept at 40mm while these experiments occur in summer seasons or hot climates. The result of overall production rate is 0.365Lm-2h-1 when all devices are working together and no Nano particles have been added. Production rate is further increased with nano particles (e.g. 0.446Lm-2h-1with). Productivity increased with 20.99% using with FPC-PTC-SS.Item Systems analysis and design optimization of mobile desilting machine at kissan engineering Pvt. Limited(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Zaiman Aleesh; Hassan Mushtaq; Zeshan AhmadIn the age of digital era, when the world’s population is gradually increasing every year, the increase in amount of waste is quite significant. So, in order to make the environment clean and free from environmental hazards, solid and liquid waste management plays a vital role. It’s prime requirement to reduce and ultimately eliminate all the adverse impacts of waste materials in order to provide good, hygienic, and sustainable environment. This project discusses the design, its analysis and optimization of a mobile desilting machine used for removal of any kind of solid waste such as silt, debris or mud in the manholes. The bucket will be able to easily lift 50 kg silt at one time from the depth of 40-50 ft. The highlighted innovation of this collaborative project is that it works on the design of desilting machine, analysis of hydraulic broom, MS plate’s thickness, material selection to lift a load up to 200 kg silt using bucket with enhanced factor of safety although there is no previous work done on this machine by Kissan Engineering PVT LTD. The use of a mobile, efficient desilting machine can be very useful to applications in different areas of Pakistan especially in Karachi. Currently, this particular project is on demand of Punjab intermediate cities improvement investment program (PICIIP) for the upgradation of existing solid-waste management sanitation and miscellaneous equipment for Sahiwal and Sialkot cities and it’s all under phase-I of the PICIIP. The desilting machine effectively lifts silt up to 200 kg. The design of a mobile desilting machine consists of cab, chassis, sub-frame on chassis, hydraulics, main boom, tipper, tipper jack, bucket grabber, reels, pulley, wires and other connecting parts.Item Potential assessment and modification of highway wind turbines(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) SHAAF AHMAD; MUHAMMAD OSAMA JAVAID; SHAHARYAR ALIWorldwide technology is now working on “GREEN ENERGY” due to the destruction and unavailability of fossil fuels and this is comprehensively being impacted by Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) as they possess huge prospective to contribute towards ever growing demand of green energy. For sustainable contribution of VAWT’s, these turbines should be made utilizable outside such as roads or motorways in urban areas. This project features goals to utilize the power of urban environment to produce energy using VAWT’s effectively and efficiently. The main purpose of this project is to introduce the new material for VAWT blades which will be light in weight so to lessen the cut-in speed. As there are low cut-in speed in urban areas so the light weight turbine produces more cut-in speed. The turbine will be place on roads medians and sides, also on motorways. The power generated from these turbines will also be transfer to street lights and grid stations after storing in batteries.Item Design and fabrication of artificial coal making briquette machine(UMT Lahore, 2021-06) Muhammad Mehroz Nazir; Muhammad Hamza Irshad; Muhammad AdnanAll over the world, almost in every industry we need burning materials such as coal or crude oil etc. but naturally found coal has not that much long life and strength all alone. Coal making briquette machine has vast advantages in that regard. The project discusses the designing and fabrication of artificial coal making briquette machine which will produce coal sticks from charcoal paste. Raw material, charcoal will include several coal dust particles and a binder which will add some stickiness in it. The sticks coming out of this machine will depend upon the shape of dye, so we can get any shape according to our desire by using that particular dye. This machine will help in utilizing the waste resources and convert it in coal sticks which will have better qualities than the original coal like high heating value means a very long ratio of burning as compared to the naturally found coal, it is also environment friendly because of less smoke and will help in reducing the pollution significantly. The designing of briquette machine consists of a motor, a pulley which will rotate by motor using a belt and a worm shaft for pressing the charcoal mixture out of the dye. Also it will decrease the cost of import of natural coal and will decrease the volume of imported fuel which is used for burning purposes.Item 3D printed mimicking robotic drill arm(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Hamza Yousaf; Usman Sarwar; Ali SaleemThe purpose of this project is to make a robotic drilling arm whish is controlled by the glove which has flex sensors on it to determine the movement of the arm during drilling process. The movement of fingers are controlled by a microcontroller, and the robotic arm is controlled by actuating servo motors. It is observed that robotic arm can simulate the movement of the human hand which is in the glove, during the test done. This robotic drilling arm can be used not only in automation, but also handling operations in dangerous environment where the humans are not able to operate.Item Design and fabrication of 6-DOF wireless gesture controlled robotic arm(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) GHULAM MOHI UD DIN; MUHAMMAD SHAHZAIB; SHAZAIB ALIAutonomous and manipulated robotics is the major need of our society because the human being will not be able to do work in the harsh environment. Some projects as like gesture control robotic arm is designed and programmed as like to do the hard work in any type of environment. The major aim is that it can be operated by the hand motion only, in simple words it would not require any other robot to operate this one. Also with the wireless contact can increase the productivity in the industries. After the complete experimental work anyone can operate the 6-DOF robotic arm for the reducing of human effort. Usage of robotic arm manipulator will be very useful for applications in the automotive, military and packaging industries, where the multiple task are performed. This robotic arm can sense the motion of humanoid hand gesture via bluetooth module and then move the arm according to the task given to it.Item Product development of M-Cycle evaporative cooler based on counter cross flow heat exchanger(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Muhammad Umair; Osama Arshad; Abdul Hanan AshrafCooling the atmospheric air through evaporative cooling to achieve comfortable thermal conditions is the cheapest and most widely applied method of cooling the air. In this study, an exhaustive investigation about the indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) has been carried out. Background, introduction, design and simulation of the M-Cycle based evaporative coolers has been accomplished and studied in detail. Indirect evaporative coolers have the potential to be the future of air conditioning world because they can provide comfortable cooled air in extremely low cost. The design of the cross-flow heat exchanger is fabricated for simulation and justification of the results comprising of 6 wet and 5 dry channels. Aluminum is used in fashioning the Heat and mass exchanger (HMX) to attain better heat transfer rates. Wick material is pasted on the walls to help the water evaporates. Water is used to cool the air, a temperature difference of 6℃ is achieved at the inlet temperature of 35℃. Temperature difference is higher when the inlet air has a higher temperature. A difference of 12-15℃ is achieved at 45℃ inlet temperature. A constant humidity is achieved in the design. A parametric study is performed on Ansys to validate the results.Item Solar vapor absorption heat pump(UMT Lahore, 2021-09) Abdul Basit; Muntazir Ali; Hafiz Muhammad Husnain; Hussnain ZubairHuman's desire is to find comfort for himself/herself. He/she uses a lot of methods to keep his/her atmosphere warm and cold. He/She finds something that will provide him/her warmth in winter and coldness in summer. We can produce heating and cooling with one device named Heat Pump. Project involves of 4 major components Eveporatoe, Absoeber, Generator and Condenser. The whole capacity that a system have is 11.00KW. Absorber mix vapors and liquid at temperature 28℃ with load 12.6081KW. Generator conserved at 100℃ with load 13.3267KW. Evaporator works at 10℃ with load 11.KW. Evaporator would to eliminate this capacity by conveying it to the condenser existent external the room working at the temperature of 36℃ with load 11.721KW. The solution is drove to the generator from Centrifugal Pump while Heat Exchanger transfer heat between the tough and the fragile solution. We have to design a project that have an ability of 3 tons. By using (Water + LiBr) solution and solar heater. We can have the monthly savings of 351,626.4/year rupees.Item Design and development of autonomous solar lawnmower(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) USMAN KAMRAN; ABU BAKAR KAREEM; HUZAIFA RIAZThe autonomous solar lawnmower has been designed as grass cutting machine powered by solar energy and also avoids obstacles. The objective of this project is to develop an automated machine using the available resources at a low manufacturing cost. Each part has been designed using 3D SolidWorks software. The mechanical system of the machine is comprised of locomotion, grass cutting, and a solar tracking system. The electrical system of the machine is comprised of 12V DC motors to power the tyre and motor for cutting grass and sensors like ultrasonic sensors. Arduino controls the process and the grass cutter and motors interface with Arduino. It also interfaces ultrasonic sensors to avoid obstacles. LDR is used to trigger start the events and a tracking mechanism for a solar panel is used to capture the maximum solar rays to charge the batteries and use linear actuator for adjustment of blades through mobile app controller.Item Design and fabrication of electromechanical power attachment wheelchair(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Hamza Iqbal; Mustafeez Ur Rehman; Rao Muneeb AhmadAccording to worldwide researches, it is investigated that around 15% of the total world population is suffering from various form of disability. Around 65 million people in the world rely in wheelchair for their physical movements. Since the invention of wheelchairs in 1655, the users are left with no more than two basic options i.e. standard wheelchair or an electronic wheelchair, but the problem to be addressed is whether a single unit or device can be designed to make use of two different devices. A specially designed power system for ordinary wheelchair solves above struggles of wheelchair users including speed, effort based movement and one dimensional approach towards travelling. Electromechanical Power Attachment is specifically designed to provide day-to-day wheelchair users with a relatively low cost device as compared to an electric wheelchair and a device which would act as a power system once attached with their wheelchair and as a result, would provide the users with more speed than an ordinary electric wheelchair, 6 to 12 mph as compared to 5 mph of electric wheelchair. In essence, power system and wheelchair can be attached and detached with ease by the user.Item Design and fabrication of 70cc engine micro car(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Muhammad Saqib; Khawar Umer; Mohammad AtifIn our country, the motorcycle is one of the main means of transportation in the city. On the other hand, in public transport, Qing qi rickshaws are most common. The motorbike is economical and easy to maintain transport resource. But the biggest problem is their safety concern. Every year a majority of road accidents occur on bikes. Bikes are designed for only 2 persons. But in our country, most people travel by overloading the bikes with up to 3-4 people. On the fuel tank, we see children sitting on them. Unfortunately, the major population in our country is belonging to the middle class. They cannot afford conventional cars. Each year millions of dollars are spent on the import of vehicles. Similarly, a huge portion of our trade is spending on the import of petroleum. Since these cars have high-power engines so they consume a large amount of fuel. As a result, there is an increase in pollution due to the harmful exhaust gases. There is a need for small size cars that are locally assembled and easy to maintain. Therefore, for this project, the author designed a 70cc engine Microcar. It contains all the necessary features available in the entry-level vehicle. The chassis is fabricated using the square cross-section pipes of mild steel. The upper body is fabricated using sheet metal and glass-reinforced plastic. The 3d model if the chassis is prepared using the Solid work's software. FEA analysis is also performed using Ansys Static Structural for calculating the stress and deformation under certain loading conditions.Item Gravitational Hydro Vortex Turbine(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Osaid Ur Rahman Siddiqui; Abdullah Saeed; Syed Hamza WajidPakistan is one of the countries of world which is still suffering for electricity shortage crises. Even some areas of the country are untouched by the basic facility of electricity from head to toe. Generating electricity by using non-renewable sources is not only damaging the society further but also increasing the cost of the facility being provided. Hence producing power by renewable sources of energy is the main challenge faced by the world. Being blessed by numerous bodies of flowing water having low heads, Gravitational Hydro Vortex Turbine can utilize this gift and support the society by generating electricity without any impedance and give the people the opportunities they were deprived off. Gravitational Hydro Vortex Turbine was analyzed theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. A prototype was designed according to the available resource of flowing water to demonstrate the functionality, working and design of the GHVT. Solidworks software was used to aid in the designing process of the prototype which allowed us to vary the parameters accordingly. This design was validated numerically on CFD software on which different results were depicted to understand and visualize the results. This showed that GHVT is a solution to the power demand problems the country is facing currently and can prove to be a game changer for the coming future.Item Design and fabrication of shaft drive mechanism for smooth and efficient transmission of power from pedals to rear wheel of a bicycle(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Haider Ali; Arham Awan; Mirza TahirBicycles have been a pollutant free source of locomotion since a long period of time. Using human energy and converting it into torque for the movement. Chain drives have been pretty common in bicycles and have overruled all other drive mechanisms. The adherence to one system can be non-evolutionary from a perspective. A new power transmission mechanism has been studied which can be proved to be more efficient than a traditional chain drive system. A Shaft driven chainless system is discussed in this report, which completely replaces all the working elements of a traditional bicycle. The system has been analyzed numerically and theoretically. Using SOLIDWORKS a new gear and pinion mechanism has been designed according to the machining resources available and studied analytically using ANSYS. Experimentation has been performed which concludes that the proposed system can be very efficient.Item Design and fabrication of PLC based machine for metal detection and separation in packed food items(UMT Lahore, 2021-09) Roshan Jahanzaib; Syed Muhammad Hassan Shah; Adnan SaeedFood processing is one of the most widely recognized industry in the whole world. The safety of the consumers is the most prior one. This project is based on the metal containment or parts goes in the food due to wear and tear of the machine or any other issues related to the production. This project works on the removal of the parts that are present and can’t be detected by the human eyes. So, it’s a scanner that scan the food and separate the food that has metal parts in it. This technology is not being introduced nowadays in Pakistan but in the future, there will be such machines or technology that will work for welfare of the humankind. The focus of the project is to design a system and eliminate the metal parts. PLC was used in this project for controlling every action related to our requirements. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is costly, but it has the tendency of thousands of electromechanical relays. So, the function is to first detect the object present in front of proximity sensor and it passes the signals to the PLC and it will operate the conveyor with a DC motor then there is metal detector which will detect the presence of any metal and then one more proximity sensor that detects and give signals to the swiper and it swipes the faulty sample and if not, it passes the swiper and goes to final destination.Item Fully automated brick making machine based on PLC(UMT Lahore, 2021-08) Abdullah Yasin; Muhammad Ahsaan; Malik Arslan Ahmad; Usama SaleemThe construction ratio is huge nowadays and bricks are the most common requirement for this purpose. From the beginning and even now we are using the method of manufacturing the bricks by hand which is time consuming and uses human power. Time efficiency and cost reluctance is the major drawback behind the manufacturing of handmade bricks. This way also reduces human effort. This report is primarily concerned with the mechanism of Brick Molding. As the production of fly ash making machine is the substitute exertion of fly ash so, different techniques are used for molding procedure but in our report by an authentic method we have used hydraulic compression technique. To develop the productivity of a brick making industry we have enforced our structure by implying an automatic mode in our machine by using Programming logic controller (PLC). Our machine contains Mold box, Pan Mixer, Mold frame, hopper, hydraulic kit and compressing feature strongly stabs the brick clay into the mold, which stiffs the brick as required in the mold. The hopper fills the clay into the mold according to the fixed volume as in the molds. The whole mechanism is utilized by a transmittal system. Two employees can easily operate the machine. Moreover, this machine can produce 1 brick in 50 seconds. According to the costumer’s requirements, this machine acquires the all benefits, maximum profit, max production rate.