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Item Automatic solar powered irrigation system using arduino(UMT Lahore, 2024) Hamza Alam; Omer ShahidAgriculture holds significant value in a nation’s progression. It plays a pivotal role in strengthening Pakistan’s economy, contributing nearly 21% to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Consequently, adopting state-of-the-art and improved irrigation methods is crucial to reduce unnecessary depletion of both energy and water. We have engineered an Automatic Solar-Powered Irrigation System that, when monitoring soil moisture levels, activates or deactivates the water pump motor accordingly. The system’s chief aim is to deliver optimal irrigation while lowering manual labor requirements, minimizing water loss, and conserving energy resources. By integrating solar power into this initiative, an irrigation framework with enhanced energy and water efficiency can be established to foster economic growth. This advancement is particularly beneficial for countries like Pakistan, where agriculture serves as the cornerstone of the national economy, effectively supporting rural communities and sustainable resource management initiatives.Item Design and optimization of a novel consequent-pole hybrid brushless wound rotor synchronous machine employing soft-ferrite for enhanced performance(UMT Lahore, 2024-03-04) Hafiz Waqar Ahmad KhanPermanent magnet machines are an important part of modern industry. These magnets are mostly made of rare-earth materials that are becoming more and more expensive. This thesis focuses on enhancing the performance of consequent-pole hybrid brushless motor that utilizes permanent magnets on alternate rotor poles. This approach utilizes soft-ferrites along with permanent magnets to improve the torque, permanent magnet utilization and efficiency of the existing consequent-pole hybrid brushless machine. This technique showed an improvement in the rotor-pole magnetic flux which results in improved torque and torque ripples. The proposed soft-ferrite enhanced machine was simulated by 2D FEA and the performance enhancement was verified as compared to the existing consequent-pole hybrid brushless wound rotor synchronous machine. The proposed machine was then optimized using two optimization approaches: non-algorithmic and algorithmic optimization. The optimization focussed mainly on increasing the torque and reducing torque ripples in the proposed machine. Four design parameters were optimized to achieve the desired optimization. The non-algorithmic optimization was specifically helpful in studying the effects of varying the design parameters on the machine’s performance while the algorithmic optimization was better able to enhance the output performance. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the machine using this optimization. The algorithmic optimization consisted of Latin Hypercube Sampling for the design of experiments, the Kriging Method for the model approximation and the Genetic Algorithm for generating the optimal model design parameters for the final optimized machine. Twenty six experimental models were designed and simulated in 2D Finite Element Analysis to use their performance data for the model approximation using the Kriging Method. The optimum model generated by the Genetic Algorithm was then again analysed to verify the desired output performance including torque, torque ripple, magnetic flux density etc. The analysis confirmed the best performance of the optimized machine as compared to the basic machine. Overall, this research was successful in enhancing the torque, torque ripples, PM utilization and efficiency of the consequent-pole hybrid brushless wound rotor synchronous machine.Item Implementation of mixed model assembly line(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-23) MUHAMMAD HAMZA; ABDUL MUHAYMINThis project presents a comprehensive approach to implementing a mixed-model assembly line for Electro Tech company, which manufactures various electrical components such as extension leads, circuit boards, power plugs, and different types of bulb holders etc. Currently, Electro Tech operates without a dedicated assembly line, leading to inefficiencies and inconsistent production quality. The study aims to address these challenges by developing a versatile assembly line capable of handling multiple product models efficiently. Main objectives include enhancing production efficiency, reducing time losses, improving material handling, and ensuring consistent product quality. In this thesis we Emphasis on flexible workstations and standardized work procedures which can be easily adapted to meet different product specifications. Modern testing processes allows for continuous improvement to ensure the Streamline meeting the expected performance criteria and the project explores the different integration of modern engineering tools and techniques. PDSA methodology will help to make assembly line and supports the company’s growth and competitiveness in the electrical manufacturing market. The United Nation Sustainable Development Goals UNSDG 8, UNSDG 9 and UNSDG 12 are perfectly matched with our project.Item Design and development of ergomomic multifunction service creeper(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-23) SHEIKH MUHAMMAD ANAS; MUZAMIL PERWAIZ; ALI HASSAN BHATTIThe comfort and efficiency of the worker while working in the service area or under the vehicle will be increased. The project Ergonomic Multi-function Service Creeper will allow a wide range of mobility to the user and ease in changing the posture while working. It helps the worker to lift himself from the lay position to the required angle and till to the sitting position and back to lying without any physical effort. Many different things were used as an alternative for resolving this issue but it won't get addressed accordingly. Fixity of posture is one of the major issues that a worker will face in every workshop, especially in those where the work will be beneath the car, truck, bus, or even large machine. We are presenting a better design after understanding the issue and hope it will be beneficial. The present standard design of the service creeper does not provide the required comfort level. Through this project, we will improve our knowledge about ergonomics, human factors and cad designing, project development. The main objective is to develop an ergonomic service creeper from the identified need of workers which can convert from a creeper to a chair and vice versa electrically which will provide ease in working and reduce the chances of injuries which will caused due to the bad posture of working. The United Nations Sustainability SDG3, SDG8, and SDG12 are perfectly matched with our project.Item Lean and six sigma implementation in a hockey manufacturing industry(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-23) Quttab Sajjad; Hamdan Waseem; Abdullah AhtishamThe hockey manufacturing industry is severely challenged in the face of changing customer needs and a market that demands high production, low cost, and good quality. Firms are now employing Lean Six Sigma methods that integrate Lean principles for efficiency and waste minimization with Six Sigma techniques for process optimization and defect reduction to address these issues and remain competitive. The research therefore explores the implementation of Lean Six Sigma within the hockey manufacturing context as an avenue to enhance production, efficiency, and overall process effectiveness. The study makes use of different Lean Six Sigma tools, including Fishbone Diagram, Root Cause Analysis, Kaizen, Layout improvement strategies with employees and management taking an active part. For this reason, the project joins up such initiatives to remove common barriers that hinder Lean Six Sigma implementation like resistance from employees and lack of support from management. This approach provides for every stakeholder’s involvement leading to sustainable improvements. Initial results show that adopting Lean Six Sigma methodologies within hockey manufacturing industry can significantly improve efficiency and quality. In particular, the project shows that employee participation is a must in order to effectively adopt Lean Six Sigma measures hence an increase of 3% in efficiency and a decline in number of defective products. These findings are significant for practitioners and managers who want to bring Lean Six Sigma into their manufacturing operations, underlining continuous leadership endorsement as well as monitoring through increased involvement of staffs. This study provides a roadmap for the hockey manufacturing industry to achieve operational excellence through Lean Six Sigma, showcasing the potential for improved productivity and quality in response to market demands. These United Nation Sustainable Development Goal(UNSDG) SDG 8, SDG 9, SDG 12, SDG 17 are perfectly matched with our project.Item Crop disease identification and solution recommendation drone(UMT Lahore, 2024-08-05) MUHAMMAD SALMAN ZUBAIR; ABDULREHMAN MALIKAgricultural technologies could increase crop yields. Agriculture is the largest sector, covering 47.03 percent of land area of Pakistan and almost 45 percent of workforce engaged with this sector. Improper management and use of old techniques and technology leads to a decrease in yield. Diseases among the crops can be the reason for wastage of water, light and soil that is available for crops. Diseases among crops have a great impact on yield. Proper monitoring and management of crops will help in improving crop productivity and efficient use of resources. The AI crop disease detecting drone is designed to be used for proper monitoring of diseases among the s crops, which will help in improving crops health. By using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in our drone, we will make sure to make it accurate with the help of training by giving this model a customized dataset.Item Cattle monitoring system using smart sensors for health monitoring and cattle management(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-10) Malik Yousaf; Ahsan RaufDiseases negatively impact the production of milk and meat in cattle. The challenge lies in the early detection and treatment of sick cows, due to the lack of timely monitoring and the limited knowledge of the workers about various illnesses it can lead to delayed treatment that can lead to death of animal. To counter this problem new and efficient digital systems are being developed. These system contains non-invasive sensors that communicate with the host using IoT. These systems though very convenient for the farmers but are too expensive for a typical Pakistani farmer despite their benefit. The objective of our work is to develop a cost-effective health monitoring system that assists farmers in effectively managing their livestock and improving productivity. The proposed health monitoring system will utilize readily available non-invasive sensors like Ds18b20, DHT11, KY037, MPU9250 and Pulse sensor to monitor critical factors such as temperature variations, movement patterns, rumination and resting periods. These sensors will be integrated into a box., which will be securely fastened around the animal's neck. To enable real-time monitoring, the system will leverage IoT (Internet of Things) technology. The data collected by these sensors will be transmitted to a cloud for Cattle Management the data would be stored in google sheets. Essential data, providing insights into the animal's health condition, will be forwarded to the software platform. By developing this cost-effective health monitoring system and leveraging advanced technologies, our project aims to empower Pakistani farmers by equipping them with valuable tools for livestock care and enhancing their overall output.Item Video surveillance security robot(UMT Lahore, 2024-09-16) Ammar Saeed; Syed TouseefIn recent years, the landscape of security systems has witnessed a paradigm shift with the integration of robotics and advanced camera technologies. The conventional methods of surveillance are increasingly being supplemented, if not replaced, by autonomous systems that offer a more proactive and versatile approach to security. The "Video Surveillance Security Robot" project emerges in response to this evolving need, presenting a comprehensive solution that combines robotics, real-time monitoring, and intelligent battery management. The video surveillance security system discusses here is an advanced security robot having moving object detection, real-time live recording, and an alarming system. The implementation of these features allows us to enhance security system providing great solutions to many problems.Item AI based cleaning robot(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-25) Muneeb Khan; Rameez TariqThe AI-Based Cleaning Robot project aims to develop an efficient cleaning robot utilizing Raspberry Pi 4 Model B as its central processing unit. The project involves integrating key components such as a Raspberry Pi camera (5-megapixel), Lidar sensor, 5-V encoder motors (x2), caster wheel, chassis, 40-A BMS with a 36A battery pack, and an ESP module. The progress report details the team's journey in configuring the Raspberry Pi and selecting an appropriate operating system. Initially, Raspbian was chosen, but its effectiveness proved suboptimal. After an extensive review of literature, the team opted for Ubuntu 23.10, the latest version available. However, challenges arose as ROS packets necessary for operation were not yet released for this version. Consequently, the team shifted to Ubuntu 22.04, which supported ROS 2, providing a more feasible solution. Despite its complexity, the operating system was adopted for further development. Recognizing the need for a user-friendly environment, the team revisited earlier versions of Ubuntu and settled on Ubuntu 20.4 Mate. This version not only provided a friendly interface but also had pre-installed software and support for ROS 2. The Lidar sensor, a critical component, was successfully tested on the Raspberry Pi installed with Ubuntu 20.4 Mate, demonstrating optimal functionality. Hardware development involved the creation of a custom chassis with a circular design, boasting a 14-inch diameter. This chassis accommodates spaces for the placement of encoder motors and tires. Rigorous testing of the robot's movement with the integration of two encoder motors connected to an ESP module, wirelessly communicating with the Raspberry Pi, was conducted. The wireless connection aims to minimize delays by up to 50%. In summary, the team successfully navigated the challenges of selecting an appropriate operating system, tested the functionality of key components, and established a foundation for the AI-based cleaning robot. The integration of ROS 2, a user-friendly environment, and wireless communication showcases the team's commitment to creating an advanced and efficient cleaning solution.Item Wearable health monitoring device using IOT(UMT Lahore, 2024-08) Syed Kamran Ali; Abdul SajidIn recent years, wearable technologies have become common place in Internet of Things systems, which are being used in very diverse fields such as intelligent homes, security management, and education. Particularly within healthcare, IoT devices have emerged as valuable tools for risk reduction and improved patient care. This paper proposes the use of wearable sensors for an IoT-based continuous health monitoring system. Its main objective is to establish health clinics providing complete health monitoring services with IoT technology. Integrating wearable tracking devices to non-intrusively collect health and monitor the health status of individuals, the system aims to provide instant input services on the health status of users. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed system are rigorously tested experimentally, leading us to better healthcare through IoT-enabled wearable devices.Item Design and development of electric bike(UMT Lahore, 2024-08-03) Syed M.Ali Raza Kazmi; Talha FarooqElectric bikes (e-bikes) are cleaner, more efficient, and more comfortable transportation solutions. However, challenges such as limited range and battery recharging. One possible solution is regenerative braking system, converting of kinetic energy into electrical energy. Energy is stored in the battery. We introduce an e-bike Equipped with an electrical regenerative braking system. This provides three aspects: Regenerative mode, battery mode, and regenerative braking performance. The advancement of technology in motor drives, energy storage systems, power adapters and controllers. Commonly used in e-bikes consist of several motor drives brushless, friction drive, hub, crank drive, and brushes, which include the ability to store energy that affects E-bike speed and range. The results confirm the successful operation of the e-bike. The results are telling that to increase the range of traveling by using regenerative braking. The proposed system can work effectively in both regenerative and battery methods. It efficiently captures energy and converts it into electrical energy, stores it back in the battery. It indicates regeneration. Compliance with brake specifications and it’s not harmful effect on battery life. However, the main issue with E-bike is the range, to resolve this we are using BLDC motor with an efficient rechargeable battery to increase the range which somehow competes with a conventional bike and is more economical.Item Machine learning based early prediction and risk assessment of Alzheimer’s disease, a comprehensive study(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-25) Daniyal Ahmad Khan; Syeda Muskan Zainab KazmiThe integration of cutting-edge computational techniques, the "Early Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease using Machine Learning" initiative tackles the crucial problem of early detection in Alzheimer's disease. The goal of this research is to anticipate the development of Alzheimer's disease by assessing several machine learning (ML) and its sub domain i.e. deep learning (DL) methods. DL models such EfficientNet, InceptionV3, InceptionResN, Sequential, DenseNet121, and Xception, as well as ML techniques like K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, Random Forest, Adaboost, and Logistic Regression, were put into practice and evaluated. Notably, on benchmark datasets, EfficientNet showed the highest accuracy at 99.47%, while Decision Tree achieved an accuracy of 86%. The development and comparison of these models according to their computational efficiency and predictive performance is the focus of the study. Through the utilization of extensive datasets that included a variety of biomarkers and patient data, the models were trained to identify early indicators of Alzheimer's disease. Strict validation was used during the evaluation process to gauge each model's performance in clinical prediction tasks by measuring accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Significant progress in the field of medical diagnostics was made possible by this work, especially with regard to improving the ability to detect Alzheimer's disease in its early stages. The results highlight how ML and DL approaches can be combined to enhance healthcare outcomes and allow for individualized risk assessment for neurodegenerative diseases.Item NFC based student smart card and café Management system(UMT Lahore, 2024-08-29) M Sohaib Razzaq; M Zeeshan ShoukatCashless payment systems have become increasingly important in food service, especially in the quick service environment such as the campus canteen or high school. smart card, credit card biometric technology for transactions. However, there may be problems with smart cards and credit cards password and security. Biometric technology can solve this problem by using unique body features for real recognition of some of these problems. My research project is about developing student smart cards and NFC based cafe management System for university X canteen. This system will allow students to easily pay for their purchases sensor-based NFC smart card. I did a lot of research and reading to gather information for this project. A survey was also conducted to discuss the system and student groups Growth NFC-based system aims to solve problems in the cash-based system currently used in cafes of University X. Using NFC technology and a smart card, the system will process the transaction more convenient, reliable and efficient. This will improve the dining experience for students and cafes alike.Item IoT based smart health monitoring system(UMT Lahore, 2024-08) Atif Waseem; Abdul HaseebThe Smart Health Monitoring System with Medicine Box is aimed to revolutionize patient care through far off tracking and medication management. It integrates numerous sensors along with Muscle, ECG, MAX30100, and Temperature sensors, allowing actual-time tracking of essential vitals inclusive of muscle activity, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as crucial control unit, facilitating records history, evaluation, and decision-making via advanced algorithms and real-time data processing skills. This lets in for early detection of early health abnormalities and well-timed intervention for them. The device also features a servo motor-controlled medicine box for first aid prompted based on sensor facts evaluation and predefined thresholds. It additionally gives Cloud management to save patient information for medical doctors and patient caretakers via a user-pleasant interface. Additionally, crucial statistics like ECG readings may be saved and up to date on platforms like IFTT client for complete patient records evaluation. This gadget empowers patients track their fitness while providing doctors with proper equipment for customized and effective health care delivery.Item Indoor localization system (ILS)(UMT Lahore, 2024-09-10) Muhammad Zunair Khalid; Hafiz Muhammad Yasir MehmoodIt is very difficult to be able to navigate indoor spaces for different tasks like asset tracking, smart building management, and building navigation. In our project Indoor Localization System, we have discover a new method of finding your precise location in the building by using of Wi-Fi signals combining with two sensors and that sensor are called Aaccelerometer and Gyroscopes. Now our aim is to measure a person or any device in indoor environment and also precisely locate the device within accurate areas of the structure. First, collect the data by using the Accelerometer and Gyroscope sensors in every small portion of the building based on the strength of the signal, movement, and orientation of the Wi-Fi signal. In this project, I used the Wi-Fi signal strength which is close to strength of the Wi-Fi signal available on your device to determine your real location. They are used to give you directions on which way you are heading and the orientation of your device. We later apply machine learning algorithms to train the model on all those data who we have collected using Wi-Fi and sensors. After creating this model we are ready to proceed with how to connect various sections of the building to the sensor data and Wi-Fi. Finally, Our system assist in solving the Indoor localization issue underutilizing data from the sensors and Wi-Fi signal strength.Item SE-ResNeXt-50 model to identify and control strawberry diseases and pests.(UMT Lahore, 2024-07-17) M. Ahmad Toheed; M. HaroonThe "SE-ResneXt 50 Model to Identify and Control Strawberry Diseases" project aims to tackle the critical issue of disease management in strawberry cultivation by incorporating deep learning methods. The goal of this research is to create and use a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture named SE-ResneXt 50 specifically for the purpose of recognizing and classifying common diseases that affects the strawberry plants. The suggested model makes use of the SE-ResNeXt architecture, which is strengthened with squeeze-and-excitation (SE) blocks and depth-wise separable convolutions to improve feature representation and discriminative capability while preserving computational efficiency. The training dataset is made up of a wide range of high-resolution photos that show distinct strawberry disease presentations. These photographs have been carefully selected to cover a range of phases and severity levels. The model training procedure leverages data augmentation techniques on large-scale image datasets to improve generalization and accelerate convergence. Once trained, the model's performance is assessed by a series of comprehensive evaluation and validation procedures, with a focus on accuracy and precision. With potential benefits for crop health, productivity, and environmentally friendly farming practices, the SE-ResneXt 50 model presents a viable solution to the ongoing issue of controlling strawberry infections. This work extends precision agriculture practices by using deep learning technology to horticulture settings for disease diagnosis and management. Additionally, this project provides us with user-interface that helps famers for easy use of our model.Item Deep learning-based object detection for visually impaired persons(UMT Lahore, 2024-09-06) Haider Aslam; M. Fazeel AtharThis study explores how advanced technology and deep learning can significantly impact the lives of blind or visually impaired individuals. We all know how crucial eyesight is in our daily lives for millions of people with visual impairments. Navigating the world can be a significant challenge. Traditional tools like white canes and braille displays help, but they have limitations. With millions affected globally, finding practical solutions is urgent. Recent progress in deep learning, mainly using Convolutional Neural Networks and frameworks like YOLOv7 and EfficientDet, shows a commitment to improving real-time object detection precision and efficiency. Integrating ultrasonic sensors enhances understanding of space, and real-time processing, made possible by GPUs, ensures quick and accurate information for users. Ongoing refinement of models and innovative approaches like CSSD demonstrate dedicated efforts to overcome limitations, especially for smaller objects. Beyond technological solutions, practical applications like PAM-AID emphasize the importance of easy-to-use interfaces. The changing landscape of deep learning-based object detection promises to empower visually impaired individuals to navigate the world independently and confidently through integrated assistive technologies.Item Efficiency enhancement through CoBots(UMT Lahore, 2024-08) Muhammad Dilawer; Usama Fateh AliThis final year project (FYP) focuses on developing a collaborative robot (cobot) for library environments to automate repetitive tasks, enhance efficiency, and improve user experience. Designed to work alongside humans, cobots offer flexibility, ease of use, and safety, making them suitable for applications across various sectors. The project involves creating a cobot capable of sorting and organizing books, assisting patrons, and managing inventory, using advanced sensors, a robotic arm, and a user friendly interface. Tested in a simulated library, the cobot demonstrated its effectiveness. This project serves as a proof-of-concept for cobots' broader potential, addressing challenges in task complexity, human-robot interaction, and safety, and highlighting their capacity to revolutionize industries through enhanced automation and collaborationItem Autonomous mail delivery robot with digital signature verification(UMT Lahore, 2024-08) Abdullah Akbar; Hanzla JavaidIn the extending landscape of postal and delivery services, the call for efficiency and security has never been much higher before this. This project initiates an advanced solution that is an Autonomous Mail Delivery Robot appointed with a Digital Signature Verification System. This robot aims to modernize the process of mail delivery by automating the transport and verifying the secure and authorized receipt and notification of packages and mails. The prominent technology of the robot combines state-of-the-art robotics for autonomous navigation and artificial intelligence for unparalleled digital signature verification. The navigation system avails for a combination LiDAR to autonomously navigate via plenty of environments while the digital signature verification system exerts machine learning algorithms to give proof of recipients' signatures in real time. The course of action of this project encompasses the design and execution of the robot's hardware and software units. This factor incorporates the development of a dependable navigation system that has the potential to transform to a range of grounds and obstacles. In testing, the robot exhibited high efficiency autonomous navigation and successful delivering mail in a commanded environment with jumbled routes. The digital signature verification system exhibited a noteworthy accuracy rate, distinguishing genuine signatures from forgeries in a majority of cases. This project represents a significant step towards the integration of autonomous systems in daily logistics operations by portraying the potential of merging robotics and AI to restructure the traditional processes.Item Design star delta starter trainer for machine lab(UMT Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Ahmad Saeed; Feroz Ahmad KhanThe star-delta starter with timer is a widely used electrical control mechanism for starting and controlling three-phase induction motors. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the construction, operation and benefits of this starter configuration. The star-delta starter uses a unique transition process that enables smooth and controlled starting of motors, especially in applications with high starting torque requirements. The system operates in two distinct phases: a star configuration for reduced-voltage starting, followed by a delta configuration for full voltage operation. This dual configuration allows the motor to start with reduced current and torque, minimizing electrical and mechanical stress during the starting phase. A key feature of this system is timer integration, which provides enhanced functionality and flexibility. The timer allows users to choose between automatic and manual control modes. In automatic mode, the timer allows a delayed switch from star to delta configuration, ensuring a safe and gradual transition. This feature prevents excessive current surges and reduces the impact on the power supply during the start-up phase. Manual mode allows operators to manually control the transition from star to delta, providing greater control and customization options for specific engine applications. The timer also features an adjustable delay setting that allows users to optimize the time delay according to motor characteristics and load requirements. This article will delve into the detailed working principles of star delta timer starter, explaining the various components, their interconnections and the logic behind the control circuits. The benefits of this starter configuration, such as improved motor life, energy efficiency and reduced wear, will also be discussed. In addition, the article will explore real-world applications where timer star-delta starter is commonly used, including industrial machinery, pumps, fans, and compressors. The benefits of this starter configuration in terms of cost savings, reliability and engine performance will be highlighted. In conclusion, star-delta starter with timer provides a robust and efficient solution for controlling three-phase induction motors. Its unique design, incorporating a timer for automatic and manual control, offers increased safety, flexibility and customized operation. Implementing this starter configuration can significantly improve engine performance, extend engine life, and reduce maintenance costs in a variety of industrial and commercial applications.