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Item Can Pollution Haven Hypothesis Explain Exports(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Ali YasirThis paper investigated the effect of pollution haven hypothesis on exports. The pollution haven hypothesis that has been maintaining the industries that is full of pollution intensive i.e so the dirty industries which has been migrate to developing economies. Because in developing countries resources are cheap and labor wages also cheap and they have less strict environmental rules and the regulations and on the other hand, countries with stricter environmental regulations become increasingly costly for organizations because of the expenses related with satisfying these standards. Through this research we found the relationship between dependent and independent variables. And I also using FGLS regression model. This study has select thirty seven developing countries. This study concluded that correlation is having between dependent and independent variables. And there is a relationship between exports and FDI and Co2. This confirms that the polluted industries from developed world tend to move in terms of FDI to developing countries which increases Co2 emissions and exports.Item The impact of governance on money laundering: A case of middle income and developing countries(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Maryam Muhammad AmjadFollowing the INTERPOL’s description, money laundering is: “any act or attempted act to conceal or disguise the identity of illegally obtained proceeds so that they appear to have originated from legitimate sources”. Many inter- governmental bodies such as FATF or AMLATFA, which are financial task force and have the responsibility to monitor and regulate the illicit flow of funds internationally. These task forces have provided recommendations to developing countries on how they can regulate money laundering in their countries. The problem with developing countries is that they need to put an intense amount of effort in order to improve and bring structural changes to their institutions. This is why it is essential to gauge whether good governance with favorable institutions can eradicate money laundering form developing countries. The independent variables used for good governance are government stability, corruption, bureaucratic quality, law& order, and democratic accountability. The proxy for dependent variables is the illicit flow of monetary funds. An empirical model was build using quantile panel regression. The data set included a hundred and twenty countries ranging from developing to middle income. The period for the data is from 1985- 2015. The findings suggested a significant relationship between good governance and money laundering. The results suggested a significant negative relationship between government stability and IFF. In order to eradicate or control money, laundering governments need to be stable, and institutions should operate under favorable conditions. However, if money launderers were to infiltrate inside these institutions with bribery and corruption, then it becomes incredibly complex to break the trap of money laundering.Item The Nexus between Terrorism and Economic growth in Pakistan: An Empirical Approach(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Akbar AliThe following paper is an effort to examine the nexus between economic growth and terrorism in the case of Pakistan. For this purpose, the paper investigated the relationship of terrorism with economic growth both in the long run as well as in the short run for the case of Pakistan. The dependent variable is economic growth and terrorism is used as independent variable with other controlled variables including inflation, unemployment, foreign direct investment, and population. The sample size used in this study comprises of 40 observations from the year 1980 to 2019, respectively. ARDL bound testing is applicable for final time series data ranging in the years between 1980 and 2019 to find the short run and long run relationship between dependent and independent variables. The study also includes other diagnostic tests like unit root test, descriptive statistics, coefficient of correlation and variance of inflation factor. The study reveals that, there is a negative relationship between economic growth and terrorism both in the long run and short run. The study further recommends that Pakistan needs to take strong actions to destroy the evil of terrorism from the country. Furthermore, other controlled variables like FDI has a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Increasing FDI will possibly increase economic growth for the case of Pakistan. Inflation is found to have a negative but insignificant relationship with economic growth in case of Pakistan. Similarly, population has a positive but insignificant impact on economic growth, respectively. However, there exists negative butItem The Impact of Globalization and Economic Growth on the Income Distribution: A Case of Pakistan.(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Abdul Rehman KakarThe aim of this study is to find out the impact of globalization and economic growth on the income disparity for the case of Pakistan. The dependent variable of this study is Gini-coefficient (a measure of income inequality across the globe) and the independent variables are foreign direct investment, globalization, and square form of globalization, personal remittances, and a dummy variable. The sample size is of 27 years from 1987 to 2014 and the data is takes from world development indicator 2020. For empirical analysis the study uses autoregressive distributed lag order model for both long-run and short-run analysis. Some other diagnostic tests are also applied such are normality, variance inflation factor, descriptive stats, correlation of covariance and unit root test. The long-run results showed that there is positive and significant relationship between FDI and Gini-coefficient, the relationship between Gini-coefficient, globalization and square form of globalization is found to be negative but insignificant. There was both positive and significant relationship between Gini and personal remittances, and the relationship between Gini and dummy variable is found to be negative and significant. On the other hand, in the short run all the variables are found to have a negative relationship with Gini-coefficient except personal remittances, meaning that in the short run we do not have to bring any new reforms but rather we should focus on the long run goals.