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Item SAFE CITY AUTHORITY(UMT, Lahore, 2020) SABA IQBALSafety is one of major issues among travelers in metropolitan the travel industry. This issue has prompted the execution of the Safe City Program. Community travelers have been chosen as the primary respondents in this examination. While the Safe City Program has been implemented in Punjab respondents accept that crime avoidance steps in Safe City Program are a significant way to deal with guarantee the vacationer's security. Anyhow if a measure from the viability a greater part of respondents has favored the fulfilled to assume a degree of crime avoidance schemes under the Safe City Program. In view of the investigation it has been resolved that advancement dissimilarity has suffered and Lahore sub-locale has stayed generally evolved on the whole time ranges. Measurable evaluations affirm that improvement changes among three-time ranges have stayed remarkable. However approach examination as for markers has confirmed that Development Authorities and Municipal Administrations have been unable to face improvement issues irrespective of the presentation of numerous public level arrangements and projects. Pakistan's public is developing quickly and as of late, the comfort of ladies has become a significant issue that requirements tending to. Convincing computerized frameworks are needed to keep up a protected city condition for the network. The task contains a scope of deeply coordinated Safe City frameworks, centered on a huge scope CCTV formation that will change police activities and give additional working structure in the city.Item Youth Engagement and Government of the People- A Case Study of the University Students in Lahore Research Project (2016-2020)(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Zara ZafarIt is the responsibility of the government to provide opportunities for participation on all platforms and to keep the people involved in the matters of public governance. Pakistan is among the countries having more than half population of young people which makes the importance of youth engagement even more crucial for the development of the country. This study highlights the importance of youth engagement and focuses on subjects that need due consideration for promotion of youth engagement and political participation in the country. The method used for collection of data was through questionnaires and short interviews. Focusing on the variable of gender and socioeconomic status, the study explores the existing procedures and practices used for participation of people and studies the weaknesses of the system as well. Conceding the efficiency of existing procedures for participation, the study provides with first-hand discernments that are common among the young people regarding the issue of political participation in the countryItem Globalization and its Correlation with Foreign Investment in Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Sohairah ToheedThe primary objective of this study is to explore the trends of Foreign Investment in Pakistan and to identify its relation with globalization. This research demonstrates that political instability, terrorism, law and order situation, corruption are major determinants restricting foreign investors. FDI is an indispensable source. It tends to raise the job rate, decreases deprivation and raises the state 's income to improve the economy of a nation. Foreign investment has no negative effects on the sectors of Pakistan as it is beneficial in both short-run and long-run but less in the latter. It is viewed that foreign investment can bring economic growth without having any distortion. FDI adds innovations, technical technologies, highly qualified management and investment to domestic industries that have strategic advantages and supply chains, while expanding their profitability. Pakistan has massive opportunities regarding for foreign investments but the government needs to establish a comfortable and stable atmosphere so they develop trust to invest in Pakistan.Item Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) A Case Study of Muzaffarabad Earthquake(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Aftab HashimThis research paper aims to explain existing problems in Disaster Risk Management authority in Pakistan and presents a proposal to introduce better Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) systems. This research paper is not an empirical research; in fact, it is an analysis of existing practices and available literature. In the past few years, Pakistan became a vulnerable place just because of the absence of proper disaster risk management system. Failure of disaster risk management authorities in Pakistan caused a small-scale hazard and disaster resulting in massive destruction of assets of the masses and a large number of people getting affected by disaster and related incidents. The Pakistan government has been allocating at least Rs. 30 million annually for disaster risk management apart from foreign aid for coping with the disasters. The quality and coverage of the services of Disaster Risk Management authorities in Pakistan are still insufficient. Surveys and literatures have shown that more than 71 million people have been affected by disaster related incidents since 1990. This is because DRM authorities in Pakistan have not developed preventive or precautionary plans mainly because they lack in appropriate expertise in DRM techniques. Considering this, this paper presents a detailed academic/technical proposal for DRM. This research paper will introduce the idea of promoting and propagating Disaster Risk Management (DRM) topics among the public to make the people aware about the role of DRM authorities in Pakistan. The paper also recommends certain useful approaches to make the Disaster Risk Management authorities more effectiveItem Community Participation in Governance – a Case Study of Gilgit Baltistan(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Sabah YaqoobAs the world is growing, the need to introduce ‘good governance’ has become a slogan of every other research paper. However the term is as lucrative and unrealistic as the imaginary castles and empires built by Sheikh Chilli, the famous character from story books, in his thoughts and found him surrounded by people laughing at him when he shook his head to come back to the conscious world. Governance is more effective when policies are inclusive of real opportunities, real resources, and real localities. For this purpose, it is necessary to involve citizens through various ways in all the phases of governance mechanism. The paper intends to provide with information and understanding about the real elements influencing communities’ participation in Gilgit Baltistan. The research adopts a qualitative approach in analyzing those elements which could breed or curb community participation in governance in the region. Geography, administrative status, scarce resources and many more elements explained in this paper make participation a difficult phenomenon in the governance. The paper looks at how the citizens and those working in the socio-economic realm of the region view these factors wearing the lens of participatory approach.Item SCHOOL EDUCATION POLICY FAILURE A STUDY OF THE PUNJAB EDUCATION FOUNDATION(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Kashif Hussain ShahEducation is a very significant subject that tremendously ensures an important part in the growth of the nation. School education is the basic essential element towards stabilizing the foundation of education. School education in Punjab province of Pakistan is deliberately underestimated with the dilemma of Public Private Partnership (PPP) education that ambition is to upgrade the quality of school education. Punjab government policy for school education under the Punjab Education Foundation (PEF) is critically examined in this study. This research paper emphasizes the school education policy failure of the Punjab government with a study focusing on the performance of PEF. The study explores existing problems and challenges faced by the PEF in the implementation of school education policy. This paper identified the existing problems and gaps in policy decision making and lack of implementation. The appraisal of the study approaches the mandate of PEF policy to evaluate the outcomes of what the PEF has done for school education in Punjab. Interviews are focused in the research to examine the current practice of PEF for school education to assess its performance and situation of schools. Findings explain the assessments of school education of PEF that schools transform toward the dilemma of public and private education. PEF is lacking in appropriate practice to fulfill the requirement and demand for education that can enable each child to get access to school for quality education. This study explores the idea of encouraging and supporting school education with useful approaches where it requires for betterment.Item POOR PEOPLE OF A RICH REGION- A CASE OF BALOCHISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Muhammad WaseemThis paper aims to explore the major causes which led the masses of the province towards long lasting unfortunate miserable and deprived circumstances with specifically focusing on mega mineral mines i.e. Saindak, Reko Diq, Barite, Sui gas in particular and insurgencies in general. Moreover, this research exposes federal exploitation, and it provides a comprehensive inquiry into lack of political will, indifferent attitude, lack of expertise and knowledge from provincial side to let already exploited and deprived masses of the province remain underprivileged badly. In last, the recommendation section presents some insightful ideas on the finding basis of the research paper for improving the living standards of people of the province.Item The role of administration in protection of women against violence(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Muhammad Hamza YusufEmpowerment is the process of becoming resilient and more self-reliant, especially in managing one's life and claiming one's rights. Empowerment provides equal platform to all individuals regardless of caste, color, gender, religion and culture and it is a prerequisite to growth and prosperity that the state must provide equal rights to all the citizens. Pakistan is ranked at 151 out of 153 countries on Global Gender Parity Index 2020 by World Economic Forum (WEF). In Pakistan, there is no freedom of speech, and the state apparatus is used to oppress people’s voices. Pakistan has experimented with both military and civil regimes but all of these failed to provide an equal status to men and women. The society remains patriarchal where women are forced to work in positions subservient to men (regardless of their qualification), receive lower wages, and even perform bonded labor in many cases, in addition to being abused and victimized by men. The society rationalizes the victimization of women by using symbols of power and honor. This study explores multiple means to pull women out of oppression and subservience to men and to recommend ways to raise their status through empowerment. The papers aims to achieve this by analyzing the legal channels and examining judicial cases, legal contests, and incidents involving victimization of women and providing a positive way forward.Item Urbanization Water and Sanitation (Case of Lahore) Research Project (2016-2020)(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Aleena AshrafWith rapid urbanization, the management of water and sanitation becomes a challenge for urban areas in Pakistan. The aim of this study is to analyze this issue. The study examines the performance of the authorities responsible for water supply and sanitation. Their function, missions and structure of organization is widely discussed in this paper. The water management, quality and crisis are also explored in detail. The study has collected and presented information on, the organization of relevant departments, tasks assigned to them, water related issues and challenges, impact of urbanization on water resources, and water quality and identification of causes of pollution. The paper also analyzes information in order to identify main risks involved in drinking water supply in big cities and issues faced by Lahore city in terms of quality and quantity of water. The Water and Sanitation Authority (WASA) is responsible for urban water supply and sanitation. This study will analyze how its role can be improved.Item The role of the government in the development of youth (A case of the education sector in Punjab)(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Muhammad Umar ShahidEconomic and social changes have made a strong educational institution more beneficial. Adults who know how to read and write, low math or infinity school will likely go through long periods of time abroad. There is less likelihood of continuing education or training after graduation. Failure to participate in further education increases the risk of disability and continuing social marginalization. Employment is expected to continue to grow much faster in occupations requiring after-school qualifications compared to less-skilled occupations. However, high school success rates in Pakistan are low compare less as compared to different OECD countries and clear retention rates until the 12 year have changed little in the past decades. This research utilizes longitudinal information to look at the job that school training plays in the instructive expectations of young people, their likelihood of completing high school, and participating in education and training after high school. It finds a commitment to school and other activities that are run by the government of Punjab for the development of the youth to have skills and educate in various department.Item PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC-POLICY MAKING AND IMPLEMENTATION(UMT, Lahore, 2020) SUNMBAL JAVEDPublic policy is concerned and centered towards general public making the fact of participation Stronger into that perspective. Modem day democracy is more inclined towards public and follow the terms of participation to legitimize the public policy. This study describes the context of public participation targeting the loopholes present into the system of Pakistan that makes the process difficult of sometimes impossible. Starting from the importance of public participation in public policy-making and implementation its demerits or factors were also highlighted. The system of participation in Pakistan was discussed keeping in view the history, constitution and local government to have a detailed view. Using an explanatory approach questions were included whose answers were based on the opinions of general public. The research shows that people does appreciate the concepts of participation while acknowledging the challenges faced by the society in persuasion of an effective system. Individuals own the exclusiveness of the Pakistani society and how it can effect an organized constitutional building leading towards majority oppression, but irrespective of the presence of all these uncertainties caused by instable condition of the country the importance of participation cannot be belittled or underestimated.Item DIASTER RISK MANAGEMENT(UMT, Lahore, 2020) SEHRISH ANWAR