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Item Ultrasonic speed gun(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Aqil Latif Mian; Kamran bin Abdus SalamUltrasonic waves with frequencies high about human hearing and short wavelengths are sound waves. They have frequencies about 20,000H2 to 100,000Hz.They have the only fact that human cannot hear them. The upper limit offrequency is because of limitation of middle ear. Human sensing systemrequires no contact with the target. An Ultrasonic wave induces frequency of40,000 Hz which humans cannot listen and when it transmit signal and receiveit back it measured distance and calculate speed from the help of 16F887A. AGSM received signal from Microcontroller and forward a text message to thenear police officer if the speed of object was increased the highway limit. So,we had made a device called, "GSM Based Ultrasonic Speed Gun" whichgenerates frequency to calculate the speed of object. The idea is quite simple.Firstly, there was a frequency generator which was called Ultrasonic sensor, itused PIC microcontroller to calculate speed of object. That ultrasonic waves,according to above phenomenon, calculate the speed.Item Dual tone multiple frequency controlled mine detecting vehicle(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Farwa Batool; Faizan All AwanThe exploration of buried explosive landmines is an extremely harsh problemwhich is disturbing mainly the common people. Thus mine detection is apractical topic where many organizations and armies all over the world areresearching for new and accurate methods for exploration of mines. Most ofthe techniques used are either labor intensive or not accurate.A combination of some old and new technologies might be able to give noncombatants a more accurate and easy method to get rid of those sleepy minesburied during great wars. This project will be first step towards automaticexplosive mine detection in Pakistan by using wide range control of DualTone Multiple Frequency. There are lots of possibilities in future to improveefficiency and range of control for this project.Item Optimal energy solution for rural household(UMT.Lahore, 2014) SAAD AHMED QURESHI; MUHAMMAD USMANElectric short fall is at a critical point and is considered as one of the major issues of Pakistan. Most of the population approximately 62% resides in the rural development. The major crisis of electricity exists in rural areas. Therefore, it is essential to provide a viable solution to the rural development to overcome the short fall of electricity. Electricity crisis in rural development is a major issue. Rural development is facing almost 15-20 hours of load shedding therefore there it is important to provide an optimal energy solution for rural household to meet the demands of the electricity. The cheapest and most suitable solution for rural environment is the biogas which is decentralized and does not require any extra effort for the production of biogas. Available resources in rural environment are enough to provide the energy needs and end up the crisis of the rural electricity needs as well as other energy issues. Almost 159 million animals are present in Pakistan’s rural development whose manure can be utilized for the purpose of biogas production if utilized properly. Surveys show that there are almost 35.2 million cattle and buffalo whose dung can be used solely for this purpose. Biogas production is not the only purpose of this research as it is produced before. The main issue is the generation of electricity. Therefore, the generation of electricity is estimated to be done through the use of turbines whose main fuel will be biogas which will be utilized in turbines for the production of electricity and provide a decentralized solution of electricity for the rural development. If every village is to be provided with decentralized power plants then in this way, the energy crisis for the rural development can come to an end. Secondly, it will also reduce the load on power houses to provide electricity to remote areas of the rural development.Item Designing and implementation of micro hydel power plant(UMT.Lahore, 2014) BILAL MAQBOOL; HAROON RASHID; ZAIN ASHRAFThere is blessing of Allah that Pakistan has rich water resources i.e. five rivers flowing down through Himalaya and Karakorum biggest glacier and its fundamental importance cannot be minimized as we have so many resources that we have to utilize. In order to promote this we building a micro Hydel power plant. Macro Hydel power plant are working since a long period of time but they are insufficient to fulfill all our needs so here we try our best to uild a Micro level plant.Item Intelligent load and power sources management using wireless sensor network(UMT.Lahore, 2014) USAMA MASOOD; MUNEEB KAYANI; ASAAD MASOODHASEEB MUSHTAQSmart Homes, it seems like future but it’s not. It’s already prevailing in the western world. The idea of our homes becoming smart is something everybody aspires. Homes that can automatically sense human presence and switches utilities accordingly, note temperature of the room and set thermostat of air conditioner automatically, use power sources such as solar power at times when solar intensity is at its peak and also save this power for backup purposes in times of load-shedding. All this seems like future technology but it’s not, our project shows a ray of light to ordinary citizens who are not familiar with latest research in electrical engineering. Our project is product-oriented not research-oriented. It basically focuses on the needs of customer in our country Pakistan which is suffering from major energy crisis, where load-shedding is at its peak, where our energy consumption far exceeds our energy production. So our project focuses on this problem and try to solve it to some extent.In this project we have two power sources, AC mains and solar power. It senses solar power intensity and utilizes it smartly by charging the batteries. As high backup energy is required in our country and not every user can purchase costly solar panels so if low power solar panels are used batteries can also be charged through AC mains. This is the power sources management and it is based on smart algorithm.In times of load-shedding power automatically switches from mains to backup utilizing stored solar power hence saving electricity bills smartly.Our project also consists of a wireless sensor network based on intelligent algorithm for detecting human presence in all areas of a room for automatic switching of appliances. This cuts off major misuse of energy.Item Electronic voting machine(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Rana Moaiz Afzal; Waleed Ahmad; Muhammad Imran KhalidComputerize coordinated circuits have introduced. Before long about all contraptions will be controlled by these miracle chips. So why should to the polling station be saved the machine and the striking gimmicks of this machine. There is a control unit which is utilized by the surveying corner within charge for empowering the voting machine. This could be contrasted with the issuance of a tally paper to a voter after his certification have been checked in the current system. The discretionary images and names of the competitors are printed in rectangular spaces on the voting unit. The coveted competitor is chosen by pressing a switch. For the profit of the surveying corner in-control, aggregate votes surveyed amid the day are shown continuously. Results are recovered by working a 'result empower' switch. To guarantee that come about are not known amid the voting period the 'result empower' switch is worked by the directing officer. The greatest preference of the electronic voting machine is that the results are accessible promptly at the end of the voting period. Last yet not the slightest the machine has been planned in such a path, to the point that various voting is unrealistic. When the machine is empowered one and only vote could be thrown.Item Solar water cooler using peltier effect(UMT.Lahore, 2014) SYED MUHAMMAD ALI; SYED SHAMSHAIR ALI; M. FAROOQ-E-AZAMDuring the past few decades the demand of alternating energy source has been dramatically increased. The need of this alternating energy is due to increased fatigue in the current renewable energy resources. PV panels are considered to be the best sources to convert the infinite amount of solar energy in to the electricity. Our project comprises of the simulation of the circuits, design, mechanism and construction of the system which comprises of PV panel, controlled by the dual axis tracker whose movement is further controlled by the PIC microcontroller 16F877A. Solar panels followed by the solar trackers accelerate the power efficiency. The mechanism of the solar panel states when the solar light strikes the panel, the photons present in the sun radiations and electrons in a semiconductor materials forms junctions and produces small amount of voltage. Cooling the drinking water via solar energy is a good concept. The cooling section includes two Peltier devices, heat sink, two cooling fans and temperature control sensors which would cut off the voltage supply to the Peltier and cooling stops. The efficiency is improved up to 30% due to dual axis tracker rather than using a static panel.Item Computer aided manufacturing-cnc router for wood working(UMT.Lahore, 2014) USAMA SHAFQAT MINHAS; MUHAMMAD ABRAR; MOHIB BIN JABBARComputer Aided Manufacturing CNC-Router for wood working is the kind of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine that is capable of drilling the holes, etching and making different designs on wood. The machine is built on the base of cartesian coordinates system which has three principal axes (X, Y and Z) that are at right angles to each other. So for this purpose we have x-y-z axis attached with stepper motors to move the axis in required position and the wood or plastic sheet is mounted on this bed. A drill machine is attached with the stepper motor to move up and down (Z-direction). The project is divided into three parts, Hardware, Electrical and Software. The machine is three axes and has the capability of moving in the 3D domain. It can be used in wood working industries to perform various operations like routing (similar to milling) and drilling. The most important role of this machine would be in helping Pakistan shift from a capitalist consumerist mode of economy to the KNOWLEDGE BASED RESOURCE ECONOMY (KBRE) as if this machine is installed in homes then people will be able to make beads design on garments and also produce plastic items they need and also design electrical circuits on PCB. This machine will in effect allow a full transition into a closed loop production economy.Item Error free accident identification and information system(UMT.Lahore, 2014) DANISH NASEER; RIZWAN SHAKIR; IRTAZA YOUNAS; ABDUL BASITNo system can automatically tell us the location of a road accident, when it occurs on the road. We can use GSM and GPS systems to identify the location of the accident and send this information to the rescue service.Ambition of this plan is to discover the accident spot and inform it to rescue department through the GPS and GSM networks. Global Positioning System is used to hint the position of the vehicle and Global System for Mobiles launch cellular linkage. To increase the reliability of this project we can use thuraya/DMR module so that the communication can be done from remote areas.The information of the car accident can also be sent to any car passing nearby provided it has a similar device fitted with in it. This communication will be done using zig-bee. With the help of this communication setup the information of the accident can be made to spread fast and further accidents can be avoided.Item Bank security system(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Umair Mubashar; Hanan Ali; Abdul MateenSafety always is the most important tool for proper and safe working. The benefits of maintaining a safe work environment are many, but first and foremost, safety is about what you can do to protect yourself and your workers; it’s the right thing to do. Safety was always the need but usually people don’t pay keep attention on it. The primary objective of this task is to plan and execute a bank security framework focused around microcontroller and GSM engineering which could be composed in bank, secured business locales and homes. In this framework just true individual might be recuperated cash from bank locker. We have actualized a bank security framework focused around microcontroller and GSM engineering containing all the cutting edge innovation utilizing microcontroller and GSM which can used to secure the banks by initiating them. The fundamental point of interest of utilizing principle controller and GSM is more secure than different frameworks. This framework comprises of microcontroller, vibration indicator, GSM modem, Laser, infrared, and Metal identifier, in this framework The Microcontroller controls the entire framework through GSM when any unsettling influence seems then microcontroller send the SMS to the validated individual portable number. By using this system we can manage to control the security issues automatically and efficiently.Item Remote controlled ugv with picking and dropping feature(UMT.Lahore, 2014) HAFIZ ABDULLAH; ANZA SHAKEELThe basic of our project was to design a UGV (unmanned ground vehicle), controlled through wireless transmission. Added feature in our vehicle was its ability to pick an object; hold that object till the user wanted and then drop it at the user’s choice destination. We have designed it to be a remote controlled UGV at radio frequency. Our UGV is able to transmit video wirelessly and it also has features of controlling the mounted camera on it. User can control it from a distance of up to one to twokilo meters. Vehicle can move forward, backward and can turn left and right.Item Generation of power from wind turbine(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Shoaib Ali; Mohsin AminCurrently, if we examine the world and the overall scenario we will come to notice that all the countries are working on renewable resources and are looking for alternatives in order to generate surplus energy for future needs. We, as a country should also try and experiment with the renewable resources in order to generate sufficient energy to fulfill our needs. The concept of Wind Energy was taken in order to create a prototype that shows wind can generate sufficient amount of energy and together with that a complete research was carried out in order to highlight the potential areas in the country. Wind Energy is a premium source for generating energy and the complete project revolves around the generation and how it is stored?Item Efficient solar tracking(UMT.Lahore, 2014) SHARJEEL FAROOQ; IJLAL MUJTABA; HASEEB SAEEDdemand for an alternative source of energy has increased extensively in the past few years. There is a need for development of such systems that can efficiently utilize the renewable energy resources. That is why it is very important for us to discover the ways in which this unlimited renewable energy can be used productively. Solar panels are one of the best sources that are used to convert the unlimited supply of sun’s energy into useful energy. Our project is comprised of simulations design and construction of such a system that rotates the panels to follow the sun in order to improve the efficiency of the power generated by the Solar panels. The improvement in the efficiency of the power generated will be accomplished by the law that the solar panels to follow the sun throughout the day in a way that the sun rays strike the panels perpendicular to the surface of the panel. The system includes light dependent resistors as sensors, microcontroller, a low rpm motor along with buck boost converter and an inverter. Our tracking system improves 25-30% efficiency of the power generated in comparison to that of a fixed solar panel system.Item Three phase pure sine wave inverter(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Salman Ahmed; Jawar-ul- Hassan; Hamza AshrafOver the past two decades technological advancement in power electronics and an increasing demand for high performance industrial machinery has contributed to rapid developments in motor control and other heavy loads. There are different PWM techniques to control motor speed and heavy loads by changing voltage and frequency. From all these techniques SPWM Technique is best choice. SPWM Technique modulation is usually based upon conventional Six Switches Three Phase Inverter. We have introduced new idea by implementing three phase pure sine wave inverter based upon Six Switches inverter by using SPWM technique.For simulation we used Proteus and generated signals are sent to the gate drive circuit with the help of Controller and parameters are measured with the help of LAB VIEW.Item Electronic toll collection system using rfid(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Ali Raza; Adnan Mubarek; Ali Ahmad AfzalThe electronic toll collection system (ETC) focuses on collection of toll fee by using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. In this system every vehicle will hold a RFID transmitter on the wind shield which will send a particular identification number (Assigned by the traffic authorities) to the receiver. Whenever the vehicle pass through the toll booth the reader placed there will receive that particular ID, and will check the data base for registration and balance against that ID, deduct the fixed tax amount, update the balance, show it on screen and lift the barrier. In case of no balance the barrier will not be lifted.Item Automatic crash immenent braking system in cars(UMT.Lahore, 2014) MOHAMMAD OMER; SARMAD PERVEZ; BABAR KHAN; NADEEM MUSHTAQThe purpose of our project is to make a non-invasive system to detect the eyes blinking of the person who are driving an automobile and avoid road accidents by provide an alarm signal. Driver’s eyes detection system is processed using a live video relay and image processing toolbox in MATLAB. The system proves to be more accurate and safe compared to the existing sleep detection system developed using Infrared Sensors and Micro-processors. This system will be integrated into the car and would be interfaced with the braking system as this system is demonstrated on toy car so it will be interfaced with the driving motor of the toy car which will turn on or turn off the driving motor of the car if it will detect any obstacle up to a certain distance or detected that driver is sleeping. Before applying brakes it will alert the driver by flashing lights and will further alert him/her by an alarm.Item Switch mode 42v car battery charger system(UMT.Lahore, 2014) OMER ABID; ABDUL MATEEN; MUHAMMAD HAROONWith advancement in technology loads and accessories in vehicles are significantly changing. Due to global warming and energy crises a system is required to improve fuel consumption and to regulate fuel emission. To overcome this problem power electronics can play an important role to improve vehicle’s architecture by establishing a higher voltage system of 42V using electrical components which draw less energy from the vehicle’s engine. Keeping this thing in mind, we decided to work on 42V vehicle battery charger system as our project for final year. Presently vehicle runs on 14V car battery system as this system seems to be vulnerable to support the heavy loads that are being installed with every new model of vehicle introduced in the market. Automobile industry has agreed to a new improved system that will deliver power to the heavy loads that they will require in modern vehicles. This idea was proposed after considering huge increase in the demand of new technology being installed in vehicles. Further, the true practical barriers to receiving of 42V have been designed and solved. Alternating Current is converted in to Dc with the help of switch mode power supply circuit. The circuit contains Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor for the switching at high frequency purpose and contains a pulse width modulation based feedback circuit that does not only drives the gate of MOSFET but also control the pulse width with any change in the input. The 42V system is designed and tested with the three batteries connected in the series.Item Automation of boiler using plc and microcontroller(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Muhammad Abuzar; Muhammad Shoaib; Tahir SaleemDesigning of a PLC and microcontroller based controlled autoclave which consist of boiler with keypad interfacing involves automated operation for the production of steam. Our designed autoclave system monitors temperature, pressure and water level via different sensor’s which provides input to Micro controller and PLC. PLC and Micro controller controls the boiler temperature, pressure and water level and gives out the user required values. Temperature and pressure variations are shown on LCD and user set different functions of autoclave for different surgeries such as general surgery, Ortho, heart and brain surgery, so the parameters temperature and pressure for sterilization of medical instruments sets according to the sterilization quality. We have used safety and other check valves for safety measures. Safety valve works automatically to release pressure in case of emergency. Our design is so compact it can work automatically as well as manually.Item Solar energy vehicle(UMT.Lahore, 2014) Muhammad Javaid; Basharat Ali; Muhammad SikanderIn this modern technological era, usage of energy resources has increased tremendously. The population explosion has been a major element in draining energy resources. Pakistan is facing greater energy crisis than its neighbors. It is imperative that we judiciously and imperatively utilize the available alternate energy resources. Solar energy is one of the everlasting energy resources which can be used to produce electricity and can be used to propel the transportation system. Moreover non- renewable energy resources such as fossil fuels are decreasing rapidly. As a final year project; we have designed a solar energy vehicle. This idea, in future, may help protect our fuels from getting extinguished. Electric vehicle with more advantages of no noise, no pollution, saving energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions is to power-driven vehicle with a motor drive wheels moving the back tire. The charged batteries are used to drive the motor which serves here as an engine and moves the vehicle in reverse or forward direction. Designed vehicle is environment friendly and most economical in long term. We have designed battery charger, digital speedometer, and battery level Indicator, mechanical structure of the vehicle and prototype speed controller. Our designed vehicle also has an option of being charged via utility grid or WAPDA in case of inclement weather. Solar energy vehicle is very efficient and useful vehicle for short distance city travelling, which speed up to 40km/hour and could covers up to 70 km distance in a day’s charge.Item Smoke, gas leakage detector with alarm, automatic water sprinklers and auto dialing controller system(UMT.Lahore, 2014) AHMED SHEHROZ; MOHIBULLAH RAJA; IBRAR AHMADSafety always is the most important tool for proper and safe working. The benefits of maintaining a safe work environment are many, but first and foremost, safety is about what you can do to protect yourself and your workers; it’s the right thing to do. Safety was always the need but usually people don’t pay keen attention on it. Natural gas is the most important and useful combustion gas in a day to day life. It is used in almost every home for cooking and heating purposes in industries. Most of the home and industrial fire incidents take place in Pakistan due to the leakage of gases. In this project a system is developed that helps to upgrade safety standards. This project has many Industrial and non Industrial applications. any where the system is installed at gas leakage place sensors detect the gas and starts calling, sms to our desired numbers and buzzer alert for the nearby workers to alert and rescue and in case of fire smoke sensors detects the smoke and system provides quick rescue system by using automatic water sprinkles fire fight against the fire and there is also a interface of LCD which shows which type of gas leaks so it helps the nearby worker to quickly solve the problem. The basic purpose or objective of this project is to provide a system that helps to upgrade safety standards, comply statutory requirements on environmental commitments and most important and basic function being prevent accidents and protect life and property from disaster in Chemical process industries, CNG, LPG filling stations, Gas storage centers, at homes, at Cars ,Boats, ship Yard e.t.c
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