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Item CHALLENGES TO IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF NADRA OFFICES IN LAHORE(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad ZulkaifThis research delves into the central problem of challenges to implementation of e-governance in Pakistan, with a particular focus on National Data Base and Registration Authority(NADRA). The objective of the study is to uncover the the intricate relationship between cultural constraints, financial constraints, and implementation of e-governance. The research design used for the study is quantitative and the sample size is 192. Online survey questionnaires were used a tool for the survey and 192 questionnaires were distributed among the employees of NADRA for data collection. The researcher used SPSS software for data analysis. The findings and results of the study reveal a significant relationship between cultural constraints, financial constraints, and implementation of e-governance. Finally, this study recommends some doable policies and strategies to overcome the challenges to implementation of e-governance.Item An analysis of the causes and impacts of the floods of 2022 in Pakistan A case study of village Buber and Sherqila of District Ghizer, Gilgit Baltistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Zubair IqbalThis research critically examines the causes and impacts of the catastrophic floods of 2022 in Bubur and Sherqila, located in Ghizer, Gilgit Baltistan. The research design used for this study was a mixed method (Quantitative and Qualitative). For the quantitative method, the sample size was 375, and data was collected by distributing questionnaires among people of both villages. For the qualitative method, the researcher interviewed 8 people of different professions from both villages. The researcher used SPSS software for quantitative data analysis; for qualitative data analysis, the researcher used thematic analysis. Based on findings and results, the main causes behind the floods include intense rainfall, climate change, rising temperature and melting glaciers. The study further investigates human-induced factors such as deforestation and urbanization, poor flood risk management, Poor infrastructure, and the lack of early warning systems. The disastrous results included significant damage to buildings, roads, bridges, and farmlands, directly impacting the livelihoods of over 5 thousand individuals. The research further emphasizes a significant relationship between floods, agriculture, infrastructure, and livelihood assets. The findings led to several key recommendations: investment in early warning systems, infrastructural upgrades, sustainable urban planning, efficient waste management, revising zoning laws, awareness and community education, and afforestation. Implementing these strategies is imperative to strengthen resilience and mitigate the profound consequences of such flood events in the futureItem IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND POPULATION GROWTH ON WATER SCARCITY(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Zoya KhaleeqThe determination of this study is to explore the correlation between water scarcity, climate change and population growth. Water scarcity is the major problem and a unrelenting global issue affecting millions of people worldwide. The increasing population, climate change, and unmanageable water management practices have contributed to the worsening of this problem. The research data of this study collected through cross sectional method and the sample consistent 384 common people. This study established on quantitative method and the data interpreted by using SPSS. The finding of this study displays that there is a significant relationship between climate change and water scarcity, there is also significant relationship between water scarcity and population growth. This research finding will help to remove gap of literature and helpful for policy makers.Item A CASE STUDY ON ROLE OF NGO’S IN EMPOWERING THE WOMENS IN HUNZA GILGIT BALTISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Yousuf AliThis research is conducted on the topic of role of NGO, S in empowering the women a case study of Hunza Gilgit Baltistan. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between women empowerment and women entrepreneurship, vocational training and rural supports programs which increase the women empowerment in any society by giving them appropriate resources and trainings as per need of time The statements of problem is to point out or highlights the contribution of NGO’S in empowering or enhancing the women empowerment in Hunza. Before the intervention of NGO’S there were very low ratio of women empowerment and women were stick to kitchen only and were not even allowed to participate in any economic activity due to cultural and norms of society and due to male dominancy the major jobs used to perform by male NGO’s in the area are much more concern about the participation of female in economy. In result of conducting a survey three major organization seem to be much more concern toward the content, which are AKRSP, CIQAM and KADO. These non-governmental institutions initiated and processing various projects to empower the leading skills of women in particular area. research data were collected through cross sectional method and the sample consisted is 381. the data were interpreted using SPSS. the findings of this study shows that there is a significant relation between women empowerment and entrepreneurship, women entrepreneurship and vocational training and rural support programsItem Density of Tobacco Retailers near University Effect on Tobacco Use among Students(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad HamizThis study explores the density of tobacco retailers nearby a university and its likely effect on general wellbeing. Utilizing geographic information system, we investigated the dissemination of tobacco retailers inside a one-mile range of the university discoveries uncover a high density of tobacco retailers, including general stores, service stations, and tobacco stores, in nearness to the grounds. This high retailer density presents huge worries for the university local area, especially for understudies' smoking ways of behaving and openness to tobacco promoting. The ramifications of these discoveries are examined with regards to tobacco control approaches, wellbeing advancement, and the requirement for additional exploration to address this general medical problem. This study highlights the significance of establishing without tobacco conditions around instructive foundations to decrease smoking prevalence and protect the health of students. Further the data collection for the study was done using a technique called cross-sectional. It’s a population size of 27,000 and a sample size of 379 calculated using the Morgan table. SPSS was used for data analysesItem Beyond Boundaries: A Comprehensive Study of Education, Media, and their Collective Impact on Women Empowerment in Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad Omer ImranThe objective of this research was to get a better understanding of women empowerment and exploring the role of education and media to women empowerment in developing countries like Pakistan. Women Empowerment is a major driver of growth and development in developing nations. The method of random sampling was used and data was collected from 384 individuals from the women in Lahore. Different statistical techniques were used through the SPSS. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the role of media and education in promotion of women empowerment in Pakistan & there is a significant relationship between these variables.Item Trade-related issues of Makran, Financial Perspective(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Ghubair NisarThis research paper highlights the trade-related challenges faced by the native people of Makran, a region in the Baluchistan province of Pakistan. The people of Makran region are heavily reliant on cross-border trade with Iran. Having lacked attention by the government to the trade-related challenges faced by the people of Makran, the informal trade channels have emerged as one of the primary means of conducting cross-border trade. Oil smuggling has become one of the major sources of income for the people of Makran. The closure of border crossings between Pakistan and Iran, and the construction of a 900-kilometer border fencing had a significant impact on the lives of thousands of drivers and other people in Makran, meanwhile, it is causing financial losses for the central government. This article highlights the state's role in addressing trade-related challenges and the implications of these challenges for the future of the province and the country as a whole the economic development and trade relations. This article also highlights the main routes of informal trade in the Makran division, as the region is well-known for its cross-border trade for decades, discusses the risks associated with fuel transportation through dangerous mountainous areas, and covers the people's perspective of informal tradeItem REVISITING THE LINK BETWEEN POVERTY, ILLITERACY AND POPULATION GROWTH ON CHILD LABOUR IN PAKISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Mubarka AbbasThis research delves into complex issue of child labour. This study aims to extensively examine how child labor, poverty, illiteracy, and population growth are interrelated. Child labour is still an existing issue in Pakistan, depriving children from their basic necessities like education, and a safe childhood. Employing a random sampling methodology, we gathered data from a diverse sample of 384 individuals from general public of Lahore. Data is collected through structured questionnaires and subsequently subjected to rigorous analysis utilizing the SPSS. The outcomes of this research highlight a meaningful connection between child labor and the factors of poverty, illiteracy, and the growth of the population. Our findings are helpful for enriching the literature review literature review and policy makers.Item Does Education and Health eliminate Poverty in Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad Umar FarooqThis research study delves into the intricate interconnections between education, health, and poverty in the context of Lahore, Pakistan. Employing a comprehensive approach, a blend of data collection methods and techniques were utilized to illuminate the multifaceted dynamics underlying these critical dimensions. The research questions driving this investigation revolved around understanding the relationships between education, health, and poverty within the local population. By delving into the lived experiences of individuals, the study aimed to uncover how educational attainment and health status intersect and contribute to poverty levels. To capture a holistic view, a structured survey was administered through a meticulously designed questionnaire. This quantitative method allowed for the collection of data from a diverse sample, enabling the analysis of statistically significant patterns and correlations. The questionnaire, focusing on education, health, and socio-economic factors, provided a quantitative foundation for the research. Ensuring the reliability and validity of the survey instrument, the Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated. This statistical measure ensured the consistency of responses and contributed to the accuracy of the collected data. Additionally, qualitative data collection methods, including in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, were employed to capture nuanced narratives and contextual insights. In the subsequent phases, a range of data analysis techniques were applied. Descriptive statistics provided an overview of respondent demographics, while regression analysis examined the formulated hypotheses. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) facilitated data management and robust statistical tests, enhancing the research's analytical rigor.Item Compliance of DRR Checklist with Public Projects in Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad Shaheer AhmedItem The Air We Breathe Exposure to Poor Air Quality Leading to Adverse Health Effects in Punjab, Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Ali HaiderAs air quality plummets, its impact ripples across various sectors of life, including human health. This study delves into public and medical professionals' awareness of this critical issue. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we surveyed residents in two Lahore cities and interviewed medical professionals across Punjab. Strikingly, the public displayed substantial awareness of air quality concerns and their associated health risks. However, medical professionals exhibited a surprising lack of knowledge about air quality-related diseases compared to their Indian counterparts. This highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions to equip medical professionals with the necessary knowledge and empower the public through tailored awareness campaigns, ultimately mitigating the detrimental effects of declining air quality on human health.Item FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISM GROWTH IN PAKISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Ubaidullah DogarThis study's main goal was to learn more about the tourism growth and factors of tourism. Data was gathered from 384 random travelers and tourist from Lahore. To analyze the data, various statistical methods were used in SPSS. The results of the study showed a strong and relevant connection between the factors of tourism and tourism growth. Our findings are helpful for enriching the literature review and policy makers.Item THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND EMPLOYMENT ON POVERTY REDUCTION IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Aiza SaifThe aim of this research is to investigate the correlation between lack of education, unemployment, and poverty. Poverty is a central issue for a long time. Research data were collected through cross sectional method and the sample consisted of 384 households. The data were interpreted using SPSS. The results of this investigation indicate a notable connection between inadequate education and poverty, as well as between unemployment and poverty. By implementing these future recommendations, societies can work towards breaking the vicious cycle of lack of education, unemployment, and poverty. These findings are helpful for future recommendation to policy makersItem SITUATION ANALYSIS OF CHILD LABOR IN LAHORE PAKISTAN A QUANTITATIVE STUDY(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Sonia NasirThis research study targets to examine the interconnection between child labor, poverty, and educational resources in Pakistan, where child labor continues to persist. Data for the study were together through a cross-sectional method, with a sample comprising 338 students. The information was scrutinized using SPSS, revealing a noteworthy correlation between child labor, poverty, and the scarcity of educational resources. A rise in income is identified as a factor that contributes to improvement. The enhancement of a family's economic resilience, coupled with increased access to education, reduces the reliance on child labor, subsequently leading to a decrease in the economic engagement of chiItem Role of Development Strategies to Enhance Local Governance in Hunza(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Shayan SultanA qualitative study was carried out to explore the relationship between sustainable development initiatives and local government in Hunza. Furthermore, the thesis research will provide insight into the structure of local governance and the factors that contribute to the efficacy of local governance. Ten persons from Hunza were interviewed using a self-structured interview methodology. The use of the purposive sample technique ensured a diverse range of thoughts. To collect data, each participant took part in structured interviews. The interviews were designed to investigate participants' perspectives of local government as well as their interactions with it. The audio-recorded interviews were taken and appropriately write out for data analysis. According to the findings and results multiple variables are responsible for the efficacy of local governance in Hunza, including education and skill development, community involvement, the role of the private sector and NGOs, government effectiveness, and election reforms. These elements must be addressed because they are critically important in boosting the effectiveness of the local governing processItem New Public Management and Its Impact on the Performance of WAPDA in Pakistan(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Shaheer TariqThis thesis investigates the impact of New Public Management (NPM) principles, including transparency, accountability, decentralization, and technological advancement, on the performance of the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) in Pakistan. WAPDA plays a pivotal role in managing the country's critical water and power resources, making it a pertinent case study for examining the influence of NPM reforms on public sector organizations. It evaluates how NPM-driven transparency initiatives have enhanced WAPDA's operations. The examination of accountability mechanisms sheds light on the authority's adoption of performance-based management systems, and the resulting impact on its efficiency and effectiveness. Decentralization, another fundamental NPM principle, is explored in the context of WAPDA's organizational structure and decision-making processes. This study assesses the extent to which decentralization has improved service delivery and empowered local stakeholders in water and power resource management. Furthermore, the research delves into the integration of technological advancements within WAPDA's operations. It investigates how the implementation of digital tools and systems has optimized resource allocation, streamlined processes, and improved overall operational efficiency. The findings of this thesis provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between NPM principles and the performance of a critical public sector organization. The research underscores the transformative potential of NPM reforms while acknowledging the unique challenges and nuances of their application in the specific governance context of Pakistan.Item A CASE STUDY ON FLOODS AND ITS IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE, LIVESTOCK AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Sarbuland KhanExamining the impact of floods on agriculture, livestock and infrastructure have often been recommended as an international research paradigm. This study is grounded in the Pakistani rural region to evaluate the impact of floods on agriculture, livestock and infrastructure. Floods are a worldwide issue. Based on the previous research studies, this study hypothesized that floods cast a positive impact on agriculture, livestock and infrastructure. By using the sample of 381 households, data was gathered using a cross-sectional method. The responses were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS). The SPSS was used for descriptive analysis. The findings of the study unveil that the floods had a significant impact on agriculture, livestock and infrastructure. As the result shows that floods are the key determinant that impact on agriculture, livestock and infrastructure, hence it is recommended to the policy makers to develop appropriate strategies and make dams to save water and improve the canal system in Pakistan that focused on the development of the nation.Item Impact of Students’ Self-Esteem on Academic Performance A Case Study of Students at University of Management and Technology(UMT, Lahore, 2023) MUHAMMAD SALMAN AKRAMItem THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT AND AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES ON AGRICULTURE OUTPUT; A CASE STUDY OF MULTAN, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN(UMT, Lahore, 2023) Muhammad UsmanMany studies linked with the impact of agriculture investment and agricultural resources on agriculture output. This thesis explore the relationship between agriculture investment and agricultural resources and their impact on agriculture output. The study was conducted in Multan division using a quantitative approach .quantitative data was collected through a survey of 384 house hold people. The impact of low government investment and limited agricultural resources on agriculture output has become a significant concern in recent years. This thesis aims to investigate the relationship between these factors and their influence on agricultural productivity. By analyzing relevant literature, statistical data, and case studies, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of how inadequate government investment and constrained agricultural resources affect the output of the agricultural sector. The research methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, empirical data, and case studies from various regions and countries. Quantitative techniques, including statistical modeling and regression analysis, are employed to assess the relationship between agriculture investment, agricultural resources, and agricultural output.Item An Analysis of How Political Activities and Social Media Influences Political Participation of Students, A Case Study of Students at University of Management and Technology(UMT, Lahore, 2023) NIMRA SHAHBAZNumerous studies have acknowledged the crucial role social media plays in political participation and knowledge. However, limited research has investigated how social media usage affects the political efficacy of youth. This study addresses this gap by focusing on the student and youth population in Pakistan, where platforms like Facebook and Twitter are widely accessed and used. Research data were collected from 379 respondents attending university of management and technology in Lahore. The data collection process involved using a structured questionnaire as a quantitative tool, ensuring the validity and reliability of the measurement scales. The study investigated the impact of social media usage on political efficacy, categorized into internal and external efficacy. The findings supported existing literature and revealed that gender differences did not influence the relationship between political social media usage and internal or external efficacy. The study concluded that social media significantly affects the political efficacy of youth. Engaging in political activities on these platforms offers easy access to political events and discussions that can influence political participation. The study employed a random sampling technique to gather data and utilized SPSS software for data analysis. Data collection involved three questionnaires: one on Political Participation by students, another on Political Activities by students and third on Social Media. The analysis of the data revealed a positive correlation between the political participation and information on social media, which students found easily accessible, and their active involvement in politics
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