Institute of Liberal Art (ILA)

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A comparative study of teachers’ and students’ perceptions regarding use of english literature in english language class
(UMT Lahore, 2009) ABDUL MAJID KHAN RANA
Most teachers consider literature as an independent subject with no relation with language learning. This view is based on narrow concept of language teaching and learning. There are undeniable benefits that a language learner can gain from the inclusion of literature in language teaching and learning. Language teaching through literature based on the views that literary works can give student intellectual pleasure. It has the power to motivate students to learn a language they might not lean otherwise. Literature is rapidly available and applicable to a wide range of learners. Different genres e.g poetry and fiction are good starting place because the language is more concise, pure, abstract, and beautiful then in drama. Pomes are easily memorized and will encourage student to use and consider the language in unfamiliar ways, and teach beautiful turns of phrase not available in any other text. Literature is intellectually stimulating because it allows a reader to imagine worlds they are not familiar with. In order to understand, the learner will create their vision of what writer is saying. In this sense, the learners becomes performers in the communicative events as they read. Short stories with various themes are also appropriate instructional materials because they are in prose that is close to everyday usage, are of a suitable length, can acquaint students with the variety of themes, and provide models of a variety of language style. This study investigate and analyzed the extant and importance of literary discourse in English language teaching and learning. A 5 point likert scale questionnaire, based on the findings from literature review, was distributed among university students and teacher of elt, literature and linguistics classes to find out their perceptions about using literary text in an English language class. Result of data analysis showed positive attitude and opinion of the respondents towards using literature in language class.
A Baudrillardian exploration of hyper reality and simulation in steven Spielberg’s ready player one (2018) and spike Jonze’s her (2013)
(UMT, Lahore, 2019) Anza Shahid
This study aims at investigating Baudrillard’s concept of hyper reality and simulation in the contemporary age of social media apocalypse, with reference of Steven Spielberg’s, Ready Player One (2018) and Spike Jonze film Her (2013). For comprehension, simulacra is the copy of a copy that can stand on its own and is far removed from the original. It is the perfect model of the real that supersedes the reality. When reality is replaced by fabricated images, one gets into the realm of hyper reality. This study unfolds the truth about the obsessive use of Simulacra in the world today. It investigates how virtual reality has led one through the threshold into the hyper reality. This study aims to portray how the lack of distinction between simulation and reality results in nihilism, identity crises and melancholia. The undertaken endeavor examines the progression of Baudrillard’s four orders of simulacra in Ready Player One (2019), and it investigates fragmentation of meanings and reality of virtual relationships in Her (2013). It also explores how our search of utopia led us to lose sight of reality. This thesis examines the question of technological dread asked in these films and that life, not rooted in reality, is not the life worth living.
A Bolekaja-Womanist Analysis of the Selected Works of Julie Okoh & Stella Oyedepo
(UMT Lahore, 2019) Nida Tanveer Shami
This research explores the dynamics of Nigerian theatre from Bolekaja-Womanist perspective. It reveals the laudable contributions of the male-oriented Bolekaja and Womanist movements aimed at the wellbeing and betterment of Nigerians. The study also aims at underscoring the honest contributions of the women playwrights for the elevation of women’s position within the Nigerian society in general and theatre in particular. It also glorifies the collective Bolekaja Womanist endeavors through literature to eradicate colonial encrustations from Nigerian mentality. Both movements demonstrate their autonomous Afrocentric literature with African flavor and history to replace the racist and sexist colonial literature. Both advocate the Afrocentric literary, socio-cultural, economic and political system for Black Africa. However unlike masculine Bolekajaism, Womanists combine Afrocentric/ patriotic ethos with Black female voice for equal dignity, socio-cultural and political participation of women along with their Black counterparts. They like Bolekajaism reject Western feminist misrepresentation of African women and invite Bolekaja critics for mutual cooperation and complementarity. This research showcases the practical implication of Bolekaja-Womanist coalition in the contemporary play texts of Julie Okoh and Stella Oyedepo. Both womanist playwrights propagate Bolekaja ideals of Nigerian/African progress and prosperity while propagating mutual cooperation, reverence and equal contribution of both men and women within private and public sphere.
A brief study of train to Pakistan by Khushwant Singh under just war theory
(UMT, Lahore, 2021) MEHR MOHSIN
This paper aims to scrutinize the theme of partition in the book Train to Pakistan (1956) by Khushwant Singh. As a famous partition literary writer, Khushwant Singh has penned down the reality of both nations during and post partition. Being an unbiased narrator, he has openly unveiled the barbaric and animalistic attitude of people. He highlights the religious disputes between Sikhs, Muslims and Hindus living in a village for hundred years and depicts the chaos and bloodshed after the declaration of a separate homeland. However, the incidents and stories presented by Khushwant Singh portray the violation of some basic war principles. Under the paradigm of War Theory, a famous war theorist, Alexander Moseley introduced the Just War Theory in which he further proposed three main laws of a war, i.e. Jus Ad Bellum (reasons for war), Post Ad Bellum (ethics after war) and Just in Bello (war rules). As put together, under the category of Just in Bello he familiarized the three major principles like Discrimination, Proportionality and Responsibility. As partition of 1947 was nonetheless a war, it can be observed how these principles were violated by the people from both sides. Under this very effort, this paper tends to analyze reasons behind the partition chaos. It will further explore the implication and violation of these basic rules by analyzing the plot and characters in the book and the actual situation at the time of partition. It further aims to study the religious dispute and clash between peace-living people that how it was sabotaged by the political conspiracies of the people.
A cascross-cultural and sociolinguistic barriers for pakistani students
(UMT Lahore, 2015) ZAHID ASHRAF
In the emerging era of globalisation, the role of communication is becoming crucial for the educational institutes. This is however creating challenges for the students coming from diverse cultures for their academic and professional development. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore those cross-cultural and sociolinguistic barriers that create hindrance in their academic development at higher educational institutions of Pakistan. Focused group discussions of 30 students have been conducted where thematic analysis was used to identify the important themes. The findings show that students from different cultural background face a number of problems such as cultural issues, problems of being native and non-native, problem of adjustment and psychological barriers in this context. It can be said that cross-cultural barriers pose a serious threat to them. But effective policies and better management of diverse intake can address the problems of cross-culture and it is the duty of the teacher to cope with these issues; otherwise, students confront a number of issues in their academic career. Furthermore, the current study will provide a solution to the problems of sociolinguistic and cross-cultural barriers for academicians, students, teachers and top management at the university level.
A case study of haryanvi language in pakistan
(UMT Lahore, 2015) Maryam Aslam
The purpose of this study is to know the present status of Haryanvi language in Pakistan. Haryanvi speech community migrated from the current state of Haryana, India and settled across various parts of Pakistan in 1947. After the migration, Haryanvi speech community eventually came in contact with various dialects and languages spoken across Pakistan. It seems as Haryanvi has been depleting ever since. There are striking differences in the speed of change across the various linguistic levels, such as phonology, lexis, syntax and semantics. The present study explores intergenerational lexical shift in the Haryanvi language. Labov (1963, 1966) argues that language change can be observed through different age groups. Thus, the Apparent Time Hypothesis was considered for studying intergenerational lexical shift in the Haryanvi language. The data was collected from 60 participants belonging to three different age groups. The three age groups were composed of participants whose ages were between 20-30 years, 40-50 years, and 60-80 years, respectively. All the participants were residents of the province Punjab, which is in a way representative of the target population. A list of items of daily use along with their images was administered to elicit their responses. The study shows that there is more likely a significant lexical shift between 20-30 years old Haryanvi speakers. The second age group (40-50 years) was quite successful to retain some words e.g., Janda, Khat, Chora, Choriand so on. However, those who were between 60-80 years seem true representatives of the Haryanvi language because their responses were correct in all instances presented to them. There is reason to believe that the Haryanvi language would suffer badly after the death of last person in this age group. Nevertheless, with these findings we can safely speculate that the Haryanvi language is endangered.
A case study of language development in 0.1-0.9 year old child
(UMT Lahore, 2015) Naila Shahadat
The purpose of this study was to observe language development in a child from the birth up to the age of 9 months. The present research focused on the acquisition of human speech sounds by a child, in comparison with non-human sounds. Other than that, the study also tried to explore the effects of audio-visual elements on language development. A newborn baby boy was the subject of the current study. The total observation period of 9 months was broken down into three stages. Each stage comprised of three months of child’s age. The data was collected in the form of audio and video recordings, documents and interviews with family members of the subject. After observing the subject for 9 months, conclusions were drawn and compared with past studies in the same area. A child goes through many human and non-human sounds during his language acquisition period but as devised by Chomsky (2004) that language is innate (Chomsky, 2004), child accepts only human speech signals to acquire language. The research concluded that both sound and image help a child to acquire a language. Individually, they cannot be beneficial in developing language in a child. Language development is a systematic process, which is achieved by a child in the early period of his or her life, no matter child comes across how many human and non-human sounds. It becomes easier for a child when he or she finds pictorial representation of what he or she listen.
A case study of linguistic issues faced by transnational students in pakistani universities using interpretative phenomenological analysis
(UMT Lahore, 2023) SANYA JAVAID
The study aims the investigation of linguistic issues of transnational students in Pakistani universities and the study employed mixed methodology, conducting interviews and surveys from transnational students in Pakistani universities. The main purpose of the research work is to investigate the current importance of linguistic issues faced by transnational students enrolled in Pakistani Universities by using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The findings of the study show that grammar, vocabulary, language hesitation, second language anxiety and academic styles are the key challenges faced by transnational students. However, efforts from both the individual and management sides are required for managing this issue. Apart from this, the results obtained from the reliability analysis demonstrated that interpretative phenomenological analysis posits a significant impact on transnational students as well as this linguistic issues. Therefore, it is recommended that a transnational student is required to maintain consistency, improve communication and practice all these measures to mitigate the linguistic challenges on them. Also, it is noted that linguistic issues impact the performance of transnational students in Pakistani universities. Ethical Considerations have also been specified for the research so that it would not harm any respondents by any means during and after research.
A cognitive narratological study on manto’s selected works
(UMT.Lahore, 2025) Rimsha Israr
Saddat Hasan Manto is one of the provocative literary personalities of the 20th century whose writings have incensed society for years. His brutal honesty and mirror-like projection of society without any modification and beautification have always infuriated but also inspired many individuals around the globe. The thematic exploration of scholars related to trauma, psychological complexities, and post-colonial horrors has remained the center of attention for quite some time. However, the stylistics of Manto, who is remembered as one of the greatest writers for decades, remains under-examined. Therefore, with current and recent trends of Cognitive Narratology, this research aims to explore Manto in the dimensions of reader cognition. For this purpose, the research will be conducted via post-classical theorist (Herman, 2003). Various Mind-Modeling Techniques in readers that cooperate with narrative construction deliberately designed by the writer are to be studied under this research. On broader level, this research will investigate that whether the readers of present times with varied socio-political and rather liberal cultural experiences analyze the blunt stories of Manto with an open mind free from societal norms and taboos or the language parameter of the good and evil remain the same even today in the societal lens. As mentioned in the SDG Goals forwarded by United Nations, the 5th and 10th points are of Gender Equality & Reduced Inequalities, which aligns hereby with this research. Saddat Hassan Manto’s work is a true portrait of truth without any strings of political diplomacy. The way he has spoken for women and the horrors of partition, no one has up till now. In current times, where such issues like gender oppression, harassment, rape, abuse etc are still residing in our society, it is a need to bring Manto back and explore that whether he has foreseen the societal rock-bottom. Keywords: Cognitive Narratology, Manto, Mind-Modeling, Interpretation
A cognitive sociolinguistic analysis of gender stereotypes in pakistani media language
(UMT Lahore, 2018) SOBIA RASHID
Marginalized status of an individual or group is associated with oppression (Purdie-Vaughns & Eibach, 2008), which leads to more ingroup bias (Dasgupta, 2004). However, it is observed that it is not true of Pakistani women who are also considered to be a marginalized group. Pakistani women as an oppressed group are supposed to practice more intra-gender bias, on the contrary according to our hypothesis they deviated from such established norm by practicing less intra-gender bias through their linguistic choices. This study was designed in line of cognitive sociolinguistics to explore the inter/intra-gender bias visible in contemporary mass and social media languages. The study was further informed by the feminist theory of intersectionality in course of investigating the social as well as linguistic deviance practiced by Pakistani women, to outline the possible influence of the patriarchal set up they live in, on their perceptions; which might have caused their intersecting identities (Crenshaw, 1989) to be in a state of flux. It was an attempt towards analysing the lexical variation among men and women and discovering the factors that might cause mechanism of such variation. To explore the correlation of marginalized intersecting identities to lexical choices, a mixed method research had been designed in line of cognitive sociolinguistics. According to this research paradigm lexical variation could be analysed by measuring the speaker’s contextual or sociolinguistic variables in terms of entrenched values as onomasiological salience (Grondelaers, Speelman, & Geeraerts, 2007). The data were collected from opposite editorial sections of three English dailies and Twitter against a case of female social victim, which were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively by employing the technique of content analysis. The process of data collection was impeded by the dearth of female columnists and less visibility of male social victims in mass media. The results suggested that Pakistani women practiced less intra-gender bias by using more biased lexical items for the female victim; which was reflective of their reduced sense of self as marginalized gender with various intersecting identities in a patriarchal social set up which distorted their primary identities. The analysis was a contributory step to study gender stereotypes and intersectional identities and their link to lexical variation from cognitive sociolinguistic perspective.
A comparative acoustic analysis of English vowel nasalization by Urdu and Pashto speakers in Pakistan
(UMT Lahore, 2020) Fateh-e-Hina Khalil
The present study investigates the process of English vowel nasalization by speakers of Urdu and Pashto languages. The comparative analysis of English vowel nasalization by both language speakers is carried out. The study adopts an acoustic approach to investigate the issue. Since English, Urdu, and Pashto have different phonemic inventories, phonotactic constraints, and syllabification patterns, it was hypothesized that speakers with Urdu and Pashto as their L1, tend to apply their L1 phonotactic constraints while speaking English. To test the hypothesis, five short and five long vowels were selected. A word list of targeted long and short vowels was prepared for the present study. Selected words were taken both in the oral and nasal contexts. The participants were asked to articulate the word list embedded in a carrier phrase to mitigate the coarticulatory effect. The produced speech sample was recorded and analyzed using the speech processing software PRAAT. The Analysis revealed that traces of nasalization were more evident in the speech of Pashto speakers, both in oral/nasal context, than in the speech of Urdu speakers. It was further revealed that the nasality affected the length of English long and short vowels as spoken by Urdu and Pashto speakers. These effects of nasality were more evident in the case of nasal consonants at the initial position than on the final position of words.
A comparative analysis of male and female child-specialists doctors’ communication with their patients
(UMT Lahore, 2019) MARIA GONDAL
Communication plays a significant role when it comes to medical settings because it is only through communication that a doctor and patient become able to develop a mutual interrelationship with one another. The ability of the doctor to successfully cure the disease depends on his/her potential to communicate effectively with the patient. However, the communication of the male and female doctor may vary. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate communicative style (verbal and non-verbal) of both male and female doctors and focuses on the comparative analysis of their non-verbal interaction with their patients. For this purpose, ethnography methodology is employed to explore the phenomena. The tools of qualitative research such as observation, interviews and field notes are used because the nature of the data demands descriptive analysis. Besides, five male and five female child specialists of Children Hospital of Lahore were chosen as a sample for the study. The findings suggest that male and female doctors depict variation in their communication especially in their non-verbal behavior. Female doctors were more pleasant in their overall communication that male doctors and they are more concerned to create a comfortable environment for their patients to keep them content. The results also implies that male doctors were straightforward in their communication with their patients and use less non-verbal cues and paralinguistic features of communication with their patients.
A comparative analysis of metaphorical conceptualization of emotions in selected expressions of english and urdu
(UMT Lahore, 2023) Khadija Shoukat
The current thesis focuses on the comparative analysis of the metaphoric conceptualizations of selected emotions e.g., happiness, sadness, fear and anger. The metaphoric conceptualization of emotions is being compared in the selected expressions of English and Urdu languages with an emphasis on the image schemas that serve as the foundation for the concepts that are transferred from source to target domains. The current study additionally explores the sense relations e.g., polysemy, metonymy and meronymy etc., between the source domain words and target domain words. The analysis is based on the fundamental aspects proposed in "Conceptual Metaphor Theory," "Comparison Theory," and "Image Schema Theory" because these theories very effectively explain the complexities of conceptualizing ideas, various facets of sources, targets and the mapping of concepts between them. The collected data consists of 44 English expressions and 44 Urdu expressions, which are selected via simple random sampling. Each expression is categorized under a specific category of metaphoric conceptualization of emotions that have been explored in the current study. All in all, this study might deepen the readers understanding regarding the way speakers metaphorically project abstract concepts to make sense of their experiences that involve emotions including anger, happiness, sadness and fear.
A comparative analysis of the formality differences between literary and colloquial english language
(UMT Lahore, 2011) Ms. Mehvish Riaz
This research has been carried out to investigate the differences between literary and colloquial language through a contrastive and comparative analysis of the text of “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austen and the script of the movie made on the novel with particular focus on the levels of formality in the two genres. The concept of formality is based on the work done by Heylighen and Dewaele (1999) who proclaim formality as a way to diminish ambiguity through elaboration. It also derives the essence from the research made by Finegan and Biber (1994) who differentiate between literate and oral varieties on the basis of certain elaborate and economy features. To further analyze the text and script explicitly, research carried out by Iqbal (1999), Cook (1989) and Page (1984) has also been drawn on. More than 62 extracts from the novel have been compared with the same number of relevant extracts from the script of the movie. Moreover, a separate analysis of the literary language and colloquial language has also been made to find out the formality differences between them. It is found out that the presence of lexical and syntactic devices, for example, attributive adjectives, prepositional phrases, parallelism, sentence structure and the length maintained through logical connectors and lexical diversity are the markers of elaboration and well-formedness; and, consequently of formality in literary language. On the other hand, the presence of several features, for example, phrases, tag questions, contractions, clipping, topic-comment structures and passive constructions and incomplete utterances are the markers of ease and naturalness in colloquial speech and, therefore, make it appear as casual and flexibly or loosely structured. The study has wider scope in that it not only incorporates the features of literature and language, but also deals with spoken and written discourse. Thus, it can be used in the language class to teach the function of various grammatical devices in the construction of two types of discourse. Likewise, it can be used for the students of literature to sensitize them to the role of language in the construction of literature. Moreover, they can be taught about the role of linguistic devices in creating a particular literary effect by the author.
A comparative analysis of undergraduate esl learners: student and teacher perspectives on total physical response (tpr) and communicative language learning (cll) methods
(UMT.Lahore, 2024) AROOBA NAZ
The study aims to investigate the perceptions of students and teachers related to Total Physical Response (TPR) and Communicative Language Learning (CLL) approaches in teaching English as a Second Language/ Foreign Language at private universities situated in Lahore, Pakistan. Since there are few previous studies of these approaches in this context, the study also tests whether and how they influence language competence, student engagement, and overall learning experiences. This is an important study that helps understand the language learning methods preferred by few students and teachers is necessary to clarify some aspects of ways of teaching English advancement in addition to a continuous search to find approaches more effective. Insights will provide the underpinnings for curricular design, teaching methodologies (e.g. overcrowded classrooms); and resource constraints. The study also looks at using culturally responsive teaching in ESL instruction because of the differing social and cultural backgrounds students come from. TPR excels in vocabulary learning and student motivation by employing physical activities whereas CLL specializes in communicative competence (and fluency) through interactive lesson plan types. Teacher perceptions highlight the challenges to implementing CLL, demonstrating that supportive strategies are important. Through this effort to include those domains, the research seeks a complete picture of how ESL instruction can be better executed. Conclusion: These findings can be used to help tackle the identified challenges and streamline operations for private universities in Lahore.
A Comparative Analysis of US Presidential Debates 2016 on the Use of Speech Acts and Grice Maxims by Clinton and Trump
(UMT Lahore, 2018) SUMRA FARHEEN
The language plays an important role in winning the hearts of the people and gaining their support. The political speeches/debates made by various politicians have been analyzed from different perspectives by the researchers at national and international level. In political speeches/debates politicians interact with the audience with the help of language. Language is used by politicians not only as a medium of communication but also as a tool to influence the public. The present research attempts to analyze US presidential debates 2016 made by Hillary Clinton and Donald trump during the US election 2016. The debates have been analyzed within the framework of Searle’s Typology of Speech Acts and Grice Maxims. The data consisted of the answers of the questions asked by both the candidates. Moreover, the questions have been categorized according to the main themes of the debates. The study analyzes the use of speech acts by the candidates in order to make their language more influential and persuasive. They employed assertive, commissive, directive, declarative and expressive speech acts while answering the questions. The study revealed that Trump employed more assertive and directive speech acts as compared to Hillary whereas she employed more commissive speech acts as compared to Trump. The study also revealed that candidates followed/violated maxims of quantity, relevance and manner consciously or unconsciously in order to hide certain information or to show commitment to their words and promises. Trump violated more and followed less number of maxims as compared to Clinton. The employed speech acts and followed/violated maxims by both the candidates have been presented in the form of a table along with each question. The percentages of the employed speech acts and followed/violated maxims have been presented in the form of bar-charts and pi-charts.
A comparative analysis of us presidential debates 2016 on the use of speech acts and grice maxims by clinton and trump
(UMT Lahore, 2018) SUMRA FARHEEN
The language plays an important role in winning the hearts of the people and gaining their support. The political speeches/debates made by various politicians have been analyzed from different perspectives by the researchers at national and international level. In political speeches/debates politicians interact with the audience with the help of language. Language is used by politicians not only as a medium of communication but also as a tool to influence the public. The present research attempts to analyze US presidential debates 2016 made by Hillary Clinton and Donald trump during the US election 2016. The debates have been analyzed within the framework of Searle’s Typology of Speech Acts and Grice Maxims. The data consisted of the answers of the questions asked by both the candidates. Moreover, the questions have been categorized according to the main themes of the debates. The study analyzes the use of speech acts by the candidates in order to make their language more influential and persuasive. They employed assertive, commissive, directive, declarative and expressive speech acts while answering the questions. The study revealed that Trump employed more assertive and directive speech acts as compared to Hillary whereas she employed more commissive speech acts as compared to Trump. The study also revealed that candidates followed/violated maxims of quantity, relevance and manner consciously or unconsciously in order to hide certain information or to show commitment to their words and promises. Trump violated more and followed less number of maxims as compared to Clinton. The employed speech acts and followed/violated maxims by both the candidates have been presented in the form of a table along with each question. The percentages of the employed speech acts and followed/violated maxims have been presented in the form of bar-charts and pi-charts.
A comparative critical discourse analysis of honor killing in news headlines of pakistani and indian english language newspaper by using the fairclough three-dimensional model _____________________
(UMT Lahore, 2020) Ansa Ali
The term "honor killing" refers to the act of murdering someone because of the shame they have brought upon the family or community. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of the use of linguistic features in headlines of Pakistani and Indian English newspapers on the social and cultural attitudes towards honor killings. Primary objective of this was to identify the differences and similarities in the linguistic features employed in news headlines related to genderstereotypes in the honor killings in Pakistani and Indian English newspapers. The theoretical framework for this study is the Fairclough (1993, 2014) three-dimensional model. Only four foldsof model are used to conduct this research. Pakistani and Indian selected English newspaper are used to collect the data for this study. The data were analyzed through the descriptive analysis to see the similarities and difference in honor killing headlines through linguistic feature. The resultindicated that newspaper are more in favor of women related to honor killing. Further this study can be used see violence against women in the society.
A comparative Marxist study
(UMT, Lahore, 2020) Maryam Ahmad
This work focuses on the famous novel Emma by the 19th century British author Jane Austen, highlighting its representation of social class and gender roles. The focal point of this paper is to study the primary viewpoints about marriage at the time in England as revealed by the novel, which is then compared with current Pakistani society. The work mainly emphasizes on the struggle raised among characters regarding social condition and gender favoritism. This research explores the subject of Marxist concept through the theme of marriage, class discrimination and social status which is most striking topic of 19th century England and how it reflects the Pakistani society as well.
A comparative study of death-related euphemistic expressions in english used by native speakers and punjabi l1 speakers
(UMT Lahore, 2011) Masood Ahmed
Euphemism is a linguistic lubricant aiming at reducing communicative friction. Some happenings are too sensitive to be expressed without linguistic safeguards i.e. euphemisms. Death is, undoubtedly, one of such happenings which have been taboos since time immemorial. This thesis attempts to make a comparative analysis of the use of death euphemism in English by native English speakers and the Punjabi L1 speakers, well versed in English language. The study also encompasses whether education plays a significant role in the use of euphemistic expressions for death and dying. The hypothesis under investigation is that ‘native English speakers use less euphemistic expressions for death in comparison with Punjabi L1 speakers’. The research is quantitative in approach and descriptive in nature. The population consists of native English speakers across the globe and Punjabi L1 speakers well versed in English language. The sample comprises 34 respondents in each case. The researcher has used random sampling technique. A questionnaire, containing 15 items, has been used to gather data. The study explores that Punjabi L1 speakers, while communicating in English language, are more prone to using euphemistic expressions for death than the native English speakers.

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