2024

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/6608

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Browsing 2024 by Title

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE OF ALTERNATE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY IN PAKISTAN BY USING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Zia Ul Islam
    Alternative and renewable energy and its use by public has gained attention in Pakistan due to energy crises, high pricing of conventional energy sources, capacity issues, and non-sustainability and environmental effects of energy produced from conventional sources. However, the transition to renewable energy sources heavily relies on public acceptance and support. This study investigates the public acceptance of renewable energy technology policy in Pakistan by employing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for analysis. Data were collected from a representative sample of 239 Pakistani citizens through a structured questionnaire, which included measures of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards renewable energy technologies, intention to use, and acceptance of the renewable energy policy. The PLSSEM approach was applied to test the hypothesized relationships among these constructs and to assess the overall model fit. The study demonstrates strong statistical support for nine hypotheses, showcasing the final conceptual model. The findings of the study reveal that both perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use significantly influence the attitude towards renewable energy technologies, which in turn, affects the intention to use these technologies. Intention to use was found to mediate the relationship between attitude and the actual adoption of renewable energy technologies. Additionally, the acceptance of alternative and renewable energy policy significantly moderated the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and intention to use, highlighting the importance of supportive policy frameworks.
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    Assessing the Impacts of Academic and Vocational Education on Women Empowerment, A moderating Role of Culture in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) MARWA ASHRAF
    Women are the most significant part of our social structure but despite a fact, they usually face a number of obstacles in their way to avail their rights. The sole objective of this study was to gain a better knowledge of how to evaluate the effects of both academic and vocational education in the context of cultural influences in the Southern Punjab region of Pakistan. Women from Southern Punjab, Pakistan's academic institutions and vocational centers were included in the convenience sampling technique. The current research effort employed a quantitative research design employing questionnaires. The research findings indicate that women's empowerment can be enhanced by both academic and vocational education; however, culture is the common component that influences both education and women's empowerment. Furthermore, the findings indicated that women's empowerment is fostered in cultures that are supportive of them, but women's empowerment in non-supporting cultures is jeopardized by cultural norms and traditions.
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    BREAKING THE CYCLE: THE ROLE OF EFFECTIVE SKILLED EDUCATION IN REDUCING RECIDIVISM RISK AMONG PRISON CONVICTS
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Momina Maryam Khan
    The role of effective skilled education in prisons is an important yet less explored factor in the rehabilitation process. In Pakistan, the persistent issue of rising recidivism continues to challenge the efforts aimed at prisoner rehabilitation. The research intended to investigate the effective skilled education's role in reducing recidivism risk. To attain this aim, the study focuses on prisoners' views on prison's skilled education quality, evaluates its influence on their behavior and thought process, and examines its potential to reduce recidivism risk. The research was driven by the Transformative Learning Theory and Human Capital Theory and utilized a descriptive survey design, incorporating a qualitative data collection method. The target population was prisoners within Lahore District and Mianwali Central Jail. Thematic analysis is employed to extract meaningful themes related to the research objectives, ultimately leading to the presentation of recommendations based on the study's conclusions. The analysis revealed that there is a transformation in behavior and thought processes in prisoners who are enrolled in skilled education programs. The comparison of participation and non-participation in such programs revealed that the risk of recidivism is low in prisoners' learning skills inside prison. The results indicated that skilled education should be implemented inside every Pakistan prison with proper evaluation of these efforts in prisoners’ minds.
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    EXPLORING THE CONCEPTUAL COMPLEXITY OF TERMS TRANSGENDER AND INTERSEX AMONG PEOPLE OF PAKISTAN
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) SAYRAH ARSHAD
    A binary gender perspective only accepts men and women, erasing the people who don’t fit into binary notions and face many challenges in society. They are deprived of basic rights and indulge themselves in dancing, prostitution, and other illegal work to earn money and make their survival possible. In 2018, Pakistan took steps for their rights by introducing transgender act but the Federal Shariat Court of Islamabad stated that the transgender act is against the Islamic religion. The criticism was based on self-perceived gender identity rights, an authentic assessment. The conflict arises due to the complexity of the terms transgender and intersex. The present study explores the conceptual complexity of the terms transgender and intersex among people of Pakistan. The topic includes biological and physical differences between transgender and intersex, the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan’s role in projecting these concepts among people, and religious, medical, social, and societal factors that influence this community. The qualitative research method is used to provide a rich description of complex phenomena by conducting in-depth interviews in a semi-structured form. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 respondents of different ages and backgrounds which included 3 transgenders, 2 intersex, 2 doctors, 1 lawyer, 1 religious scholar, 1 Human rights representative, and 10 respondents were general public from all provinces of Pakistan. Interviews were conducted, transcribed, and found themes. The analysis revealed that people and even the institutional representatives don’t understand terms clearly due to lack of awareness and the efforts remained unfruitful. There are number of interconnected themes found to address the problem. According to this research, the presence and expansion of transgender and intersex communities can be viewed as manifestations of social, economic, and institutional imperfections. In place of amending the law or introducing effective policies for the rights of transgender and intersex by obtaining the confidence of the general public, the government is thinking of rolling back the law. The government should focus on introducing policies that benefit all transgender and intersex communities in Pakistan without the threat of binary people.
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    FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO GROUNDWATER DEPLETION AND SUSTAINING POLICIES IN URBAN LAHORE
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Kanwal Javed
    Understanding groundwater depletion is essential since it is a major problem that poses a significant challenge not only in Lahore but also globally. This study explores the diverse factors contributing to groundwater depletion in Lahore through the lens of the Socio-Ecological Systems (SES) framework. The study focuses on examining the interrelated factors—such as rapid population growth, urban land development, and climate change—that are contributing to groundwater depletion and are drawn from the SES framework. By using the SES framework, the research conducts a systematic analysis of these factors and examines governance strategies aimed at sustainable groundwater management. The research uses a quantitative methodology and survey instrument to evaluate these influences and provides insights into policy implications for sustainable groundwater management. Purposive sampling technique was used, and the survey was distributed among (n=370) employees at WASA and LDA having direct involvement in water management and their specialized knowledge and experience in this field. The data used in this analysis is the most recent data collected from the Lahore Development Authority (LDA) and the Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA). The research reveals that groundwater depletion is significantly impacted by urban land expansion, rapid population growth, and climate change. On the other hand, findings from the study indicated an insignificant relationship between groundwater depletion and demographic variables like age, gender, income, and education due to the demographic uniformity among the study participants. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the groundwater issue facing Lahore and makes evidence-based policy recommendations to properly handle this urgent problem
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    The Political Economy of Taxation in the Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Sector in Pakistan
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Waseem Ayyaz
    This thesis investigates the political economy of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB) taxation in Pakistan, with a focus on understanding the influence of SSB manufacturers on taxation management and the dynamics of their relationships with government and tax imposing authorities. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of social network analysis (SNA), this research employs a qualitative approach, combining data from secondary sources and primary data gathered through stakeholder interviews. The initial step involves conducting a detailed stakeholder mapping, which include networks of SSB manufacturers, government officials, tax imposing authorities, and NGOs. By analyzing the ties between these stakeholders, this study uncovers the nature of relationships and interactions among these actors. The research reveals a multi-faceted and sophisticated approach employed by the SSB industry to influence taxation policies in Pakistan, operating through both formal and informal channels. The SNA highlighted the central position of multinational SSB manufacturers and their affiliated industry associations within the network. They were found to have numerous direct and indirect ties to government officials, policymakers, and other influential figures. In contrast, NGOs, despite their active advocacy and public awareness campaigns, occupied a more peripheral position in the network. The findings highlight the importance of transparency and accountability in policy-making processes to mitigate the potential for undue influence through informal channels.
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    USING PERSONAL GROWTH TOOLS TO IMPROVE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ CAREER ORIENTATION; THE MODERATING EFFECT OF CAREER SELF-MANAGEMENT
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Humira Mirza
    Gaining self-awareness can be accomplished through practicing personal growth tools. According to the moderating role of career self-management, the current study provides insight into how students use coping strategies, mindfulness, and self-regulation as prevailing techniques when faced with challenges. Furthermore, the study contributes to an expanding body of research that shows how university students in Lahore, Pakistan, relate mindfulness, coping mechanisms, and self-regulation to their career orientation. Using a survey approach, a sample size of 384 students was obtained for this study. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to examine the respond. Typically, descriptive analysis, Cronbach Alpha, response rate, and response profile are used in conjunction with SPSS to measure relationships. Similarly, this study introduces structural equation modeling (SEM) into hypothesis testing. The findings of this study reveal that coping strategies in the moderating role of career self-management significantly impact career orientation without a doubt that students could be the more likely they are to disengage from failures or unattainable goals in making career decision and be hopeful about future. Furthermore, it suggests that coping ability can improve the student goal adjustment abilities confronted challenges in future. So as to align their effects and drive themselves towards realistic goal coping strategies can be considered as key strategies towards building a successful career orientation. Additionally, these developmental strategies are recommended to the universities because by considering factors mindfulness, coping strategies and self-regulation policy makers can design intervention that are more effective.
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    Willingness to Change from Personal Vehicles to Public Transport
    (UMT, Lahore, 2024) Syed Ijlal Irfan Bukhari