School of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSSH)

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Browsing School of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSSH) by Title

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    18th Amendment
    (UMT.lahore, 2022-12-19)
    Pakistan travels the long journey for attainment the position of successful democratic country many steps were taken and many amendments were made to achieve the desired goal. The researcher examined the faults and barriers in the democratization process in this research. It highlights the different aspects of weak democratization, like free and fair elections, participation of people in this process, and the role of education and the rule of law in the country in the contest of the 18th amendment. Moreover, political parties are also discussed in detail as the main character of democratization, as how they benefit from amendment and the reason behind weak democracy in the country, the invalid democratization between political parties, and the lack of democratic culture between them. To acquire data, qualitative research methodology was used, including interviews with political leaders of two major political parties and members of civil society, content analysis of secondary material within the democratization theoretical framework; this research uses reports where democratization and solid political parties play their role in achieving democratization in the country.
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    A CASE STUDY OF COLONIAL LEGACY AND PRACTISES OF POLICE IN KARACHI
    (UMT.Lahore, 2023) Sher Muhammad
    Karachi with over 18.6 million population has been in constant state of political, administrative, and social instability (Dawn, 2021). Living in Karachi has become a nightmare with its high crime rate (crime analysis, 2018). The organisation of police plays a vital role in maintaining peace and security. However, the Police in Karachi is mired in the allegations of ineptness, corruption, and political patronage (Waseem, 2021).
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    A Comparative Analysis of Narratives of Extremism and Counter Extremism in Pakistan (2001-2019)
    (UMT.Lahore, 2019) Rida Junaid
    Since the 9/11 incident, Pakistan has witnessed grievous Islamic extremism by the militant Islamist groups of Pakistan. The Islamic peacebuilders of Pakistan took substantial measures to counter this Islamic extremism. Both groups used the Islamic religion in serving Pakistan in distinct ways. This study centers on finding divergence in the narratives of leaders of militant Islamist groups and Islamic peacebuilders of Pakistan regarding Islam by using a comparative research method. To derive conclusions from the sources (Interviews & Speeches of group leaders), qualitative content analysis is used as a methodological tool. The conventional content analysis is used to highlight themes from the narratives of both groups. The purposive sampling is used for group selection, which are highlighted on the social and electronic media. For added elucidation, the thesis utilized the theoretical lens of Social Constructivism by Lev Vygotsky.
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    A Comparison of Interfaith Dialogue in Christian and Muslim Worlds
    (UMT, Lahore, 2018) M. Imran Baig
    A lot has changed after two major developments in the world; globalization and September 11 attacks. Intelligentsia of the world from all walks of life starts thinking how to face contemporary challenges by incorporating different nations and religions of the world. Religious discourses remained at the top in all corners of the world, addressing the issues that threaten peace of the world. Interreligious or interfaith dialogue got attention of all religions‘ adherents especially Christians and Muslims around the world. There are different models of interfaith dialogue emanating from theological, social and mission perspectives of religions and contemporary challenges of the modern world. Nature of theological perspective makes a difference in dealing with the followers of other religions, hence it is important to analyze theological factors involved in interfaith dialogue in both Muslim and Christian worlds. Concept of salvation is the major doctrine of theology that needs to be discussed in detail with reference to the perspectives of interfaith dialogue.
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    A CORRELATION BETWEEN MARITIME SECURITY & GEOPOLITICS IN INDIAN OCEAN – IMPLICATIONS FOR CHINA AND INDIA BILATERAL RELATIONS (2010-2023)
    (UMT.lahore, 2024-09-13) Haniya Faheem
    This research 'A correlation between Maritime security & Geopolitics in Indian Ocean - Implications for India China Bilateral relationship (2010-2023)' examines the relationship between geopolitics and maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and how it affects China-India relations. Due to its strategic location as a hub for world powers, possible battleground, wealth of resources and key marine routes, the Indian Ocean is considered of prominent significance. The research emphasizes how maritime security events, like territorial disputes and piracy, intensify geopolitical tensions and impact China-Indian diplomatic and commercial relations. China and India's relationship has historically fluctuated between collaboration and contention, with increased strategic rivalry in the IOR in recent years. Moreover, the research attempts to analyze the relationship between geopolitical tensions and China-India ties, as well as maritime security events (independent variable), using a quantitative research approach and the Pearson correlation coefficient (dependent variables). Additionally, the research will look at the energy and economic drivers of both countries' ambitions in the IOR as well as the part that military actions play in their respective approaches. Lastly, using a neo-realist theoretical framework, the research aims to comprehend China and India’s strategic behaviors by investigating structural constraints, the anarchic international system, security quandaries, and regional alliances. In order to promote stability in the region and resolution of disputes, the findings are intended to educate policymakers on how to manage China-India relations in the context of the Indian Ocean’s shifting geopolitical terrain.
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    A Critical Analysis of Legal and Applied Injunctions of a Contemporary Islamic State A Perspective of Yusuf al Qarada
    (UMT, Lahore, 2025) Muhammad Idrees Ahmad
    This thesis examines the perspective of the renowned Muslim scholar Yusuf al-Qaradawi (1926-2022) on the rights and status of women and religious minorities in a contemporary Islamic state. The study explores how he addresses Western perspectives on women and minorities and how he navigates the effects of modernity in contemporary Muslim societies. Special attention is given to identifying any changes in his opinions, as some critics suggest. Using a qualitative research approach, content analysis, and theme development methods, this research analyzes primary sources such as Qaradawi‘s books, articles, fatwa collections, autobiography, and works by other scholars on related topics. It also considers secondary sources like articles and doctoral theses. The findings reveal Qaradawi's moderate approach to traditional jurisprudence, closely adhering to the main sources of Shariah while addressing modern requirements. He consistently aligns his opinions with the clear directives of the Quran and Sunnah. Qaradawi advocates the necessity of Ijtihad to meet modern challenges while remaining true to Quranic and Sunnah principles. He supports women‘s participation in the workforce and political domain, provided they maintain Shariah‟s social values and norms.
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    A Critical Analysis of Political Islam: Trajectories, Resistance and Discourses
    (UMT, Lahore, 2018) Sajid Iqbal Sheikh
    Discourses on Political Islam may be divided into two mounting phases. First one has occurred after Iranian Revolution in 1979 and second one has appeared as a result of Arab Spring wave in 2011. A critical analysis of these discourses in terms of their trajectories and resistance is needed to be found out for strategies of future policy orientations. This doctoral dissertation aims to unfold genealogical notions backing political Islam related discourses and attempts to search out its complementation or contradiction with Islamic political theory as perceived in original Islamic texts. Primarily, the study focuses on holistic and theoretical view of political Islam. The study also aims to analyze the basic theory and current strategies of Islamic political movements which may be considered the vanguard of Islamic revolution.
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    A Discourse Analysis of Revival Theories of Islamic Civilization in Pak-Turk Perspectives
    (UMT, Lahore, 2021) Syed Mustaqeem Moin
    This doctoral thesis examines the revival theories of Islamic civilization in the context of Pakistan and Turkiye, two Muslim-majority countries with distinct approaches to Islam. The research explores the methods, approaches, and challenges associated with the penetration of Islamic revival theories in the face of Western civilization. By synergizing the discourses of both countries, the study employs critical discourse analysis to analyse the revival theories of Islamic civilization. Drawing on a rich historical foundation rooted in the Rashidun era, the theories of Islamic revival have gained significant attention among scholars and researchers due to perceived threats to Islamic civilization and the current geopolitical situation, particularly in relation to political Islam. Prominent scholars such as Iqbal and Maududi in Pakistan, along with the Naqshbandi order, Saeed Nursi, and Erbakan in Turkiye, have made substantial contributions to the revival movement.
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    A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE DE-CONVERSION PROCESS AMONG THE PAKISTANI ADULTS
    (UMT, Lahore, 2025) SADIA RAUF
    Although Islam has generally been regarded as the core of Pakistani ethos, and over 96% of population in Pakistan is Muslim, in recent years a fast-growing number of Pakistani young adults have deconverted from Islam into atheism. This research aims to investigate, identify and assess the factors which contributed to the development of their way of thinking and their loss of faith in religion. The subject has long been considered a taboo in Pakistani society, and very little research has been carried out in this regard, so this study aims to help fill that gap. The data to carry out this research is collected through in-depth interviews of some young Pakistani deconverts in addition to some published autobiographies and online accounts of Pakistani ex Muslim atheists. To have a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of these deconverts, the thematic analysis of their accounts is carried out. Many sub-themes emerged under the main themes and these main or base themes are: the reasons for deconversion, (mostly the human rights issues and the unanswered questions), the process of deconversion, identity crisis, mental health and well-being and the moral values of these deconverts. While no attempt whatsoever was made to make any judgements on the participants or modify the beliefs of the interviewees this study does recommend, in its concluding portion, some steps that need to be taken at the collective level to stem the tide, keep our youth within the folds of Islam and help them find more spiritual and intellectual fulfilment in their religion.
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    A Psychosocial Study on Quality of life of Young Adults of Working and Non-working mothers
    (UMT.Lahore, 2021) Rameesha Zarfeen
    This study compared “quality of life” of young adults of both “working” and “non working mothers”. The “quality of life” was measured through 4 domains; physical health domain, psychological health domain, social relationships domain and environment domain. A total of 175 respondents (88 males and 87 females) were included in this study, out of which 75 respondents were young adults of working mothers and 100 respondents were young adults of non-working mothers aged 18-25. Data was collected through online questionnaires with non probability convenient sampling technique. The data was examined through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). It was concluded that there are no significant differences between young adults of “working” and “non-working mothers” in terms of quality of life. The gender differences among young adults were also measured. The findings showed that there are significant gender differences in terms of “quality of life” among young adults of “working mothers” which shows that females of “working mothers” have higher “quality of life” as compared to males of “working mothers”. Results of gender differences among young adults of “non-working mothers” showed that there are no significant gender differences in terms of “quality of life” among young adults of “non-working mothers”.
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    A QUALITATIVE STUDY EXPLORING PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTS ABOUT THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SCHOOL
    (UMT.Lahore, 2022) Fatima Haroon
    Education is the basic need and right of every human being. The quality of education is an obligatory and predictable representative for change as education is a process of development and civilization. The issue of deterioration the quality of education in Pakistan, especially decline in rural area because people are not aware about the importance of education. The major purpose of the research was to explore the perceptions of parents about quality of education in government and private schools in rural area. Purposive sampling are used for data collection and instrument of the collection date was participant observation and in-depth interviews which was conducted between the researcher and participants. Infrastructure facilities was better in government school than in private school but private school involve their students more in extra circular activities. Teachers of government school were more qualified academically as well as professionally having command over teaching methodology as compared to the teachers of private school.
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    A QUALITATIVE STUDY EXPLORING THE HEATH AND ILLNESS BEHAVIOR OF THE LEFT BEHIND ADOLESCENTS
    (UMT.lahore, 2020-09-17) Muhammad Mustafa
    ALL praises to Almighty Allah, the omnipotent, the most compassionate, who bestowed us with the potential and ability to complete the present work. Without Allah’s divine help, we would not have been able to achieve anything in our lives. All respects to Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.) the most perfect among all human beings ever born on the surface of the earth, who is forever a source of guidance and knowledge for humanity as a whole.
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    A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF DREAMS: SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS CONTEXT OF DREAMS AND THEIR ROLE IN INDIVIDUAL’S LIFE
    (UMT.Lahore, 2023) TAMSEELA QAMAR
    This study was aimed to analyze the importance of dreams in an adult’s people life. Dreams are those which we see while sleeping. Dreams are affected by external realities because what we thought and see comes into our minds and is stored in the subconscious and unconscious state. However, this study was aimed to study the social and religious values which are attached to our dreams. The researcher was interested in the perspective of dreams in religion. In Islam, people believe in three types of dreams which are cited in the Quran o Hadith.
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    A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON CAUSES FOR DRUGS ABUSE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN LAHORE
    (UMT.Lahore, 2023) M.Tashfeen Afzal; Rehan Ali
    Drugs, harmful chemicals that have a detrimental impact on an individual's cognitive abilities, often lead to addiction to specific substances. The grip of drug addiction poses a severe threat not only to families but also to society at large. This research aims to assess the profound effects of drugs on students and their Psychological changes in students. The perilous path of addiction frequently propels individuals toward criminal behaviors, compounding societal challenges. This study used the qualitative research technique, 10 in-depth interviews with students who used drugs were conducted within the confines of the University of Management and Technology, carefully selected through snowball sampling techniques. The findings illuminate a common thread: many respondents experiment with drugs driven by the pursuit of pleasure or peer influence. The destructive nature of drug use surfaces in its potential to instigate violence and deviance in individuals. In response to this escalating concern, government intervention becomes imperative; crafting stringent policies can curtail the easy accessibility of such hazardous chemicals. The collective effort to impede the proliferation of drugs stands as a pivotal step toward safeguarding our communities.
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    A STUDY OF INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP STYLES AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL IN PAKISTAN
    (UMT, Lahore, 2017) Irfan Bashir
    This mixed method research titled “A Study of Instructional Leadership Styles at University Level in Pakistan” was aimed to explore the phenomena of instructional leadership styles in public and private sector universities. The objectives included exploring the phenomenon of instructional leadership styles of the HoDs in the universities of Pakistan; finding out the most practiced and least practiced indicators (of Goleman’s) leadership styles by HoDs; finding out the differences between instructional leadership styles of the HoDs based on various demographic variables; and finally making recommendations in the light of the findings of the study. These objectives were broken into research questions and these research questions were further turned into null hypotheses. The study usedmultistage sampling techniques to select 120 HoDs, and 240 faculty to triangulate the self reported data of the HoDs.
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    A STUDY OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS EFFECTING THE CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR AMONG YOUTH IN DISTRICT JAIL, LAHORE
    (UMT.Lahore, 2017) MUHAMMAD UMAR
    Youth is considered the dominant factor in the development of the country. The involution of the youth of country signs of its’ dark future. While considering the paramount of the youth crime the research aimed to evaluate the factors that are responsible for crime among youth. The research surveyed the district jail Lahore and collected date from 120 respondents while adopting systematic sampling approach. The researcher analyzed the data through SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) while running the linear regression. The results of linear regression showed that most of the major crimes among youth are influenced by the social, psychological and economic factors. The frequency of the crime among youth is directly proportional to the disturbance in their social, psychological and economic status. The youngsters who have copacetic social status, good psychological level, and higher economic status have lower propensity to commit major crimes murder, illicit sexual activity, narcotics, robbery, murder attempt, violence, kidnapping, and fraud. But on another hand, the puerile persons who lower social status, poor psychological situation and lower economic status have higher chances to pull in these crimes. On the substratum of the findings of the research, the researcher recommended that policy of the state that covers the employment for all youngsters with opportune pay, edification institutions, family, and media are the implements that can play a role in preventing criminal behavior among youth.
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    A STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHERS’ ASSESSMENT LITERACY TRAINING PROGRAM FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN PUNJAB
    (UMT, Lahore, 2018) JAHAN ARA SHAMS
    The researchers in the field of educational assessment are continuously advocating the teachers to be literate in classroom assessment as it is the international need and recognition. The teachers are key agents in classroom assessment process implementation while literature shows low classroom assessment literacy on the part of teachers. The purpose of the study was to explore the effectiveness of the training program/module in enhancing the Classroom Assessment Literacy of university teachers. It also investigated the private and public sector university Teachers’ Classroom Assessment Literacy. Regular teaching faculty i.e. 5780 in private and public sector general universities of Lahore, Pakistan was the population of the study. For investigation of Teachers’ Classroom Assessment Literacy, the researcher selected 6 private and 2 public sector general universities using proportionate sampling technique, i.e., 40% of public and private sector universities in Lahore, Punjab.
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    A STUDY ON THE PATTERNS AND PURPOSE OF ADOLESCENT MOBILE TOUCH SCREEN DEVICES USE FROM PARENT’S PERSPECTIVE
    (UMT.Lahore, 2023) Muhammad Amir
    Teenagers are using mobile touch screen devices more and more frequently, such as smart phones and tablets. The manner in which young people utilise these technologies and their possible consequences are however, little understood. As a result, this qualitative study investigated parental attitudes and issues as well as parent/caregiver opinions of their adolescent's usage patterns and variables impacting use. Methods: Twenty parents or carers of teenagers in Chiniot, Pakistan, who were chosen to represent men and women of various ages and socioeconomic classes (n = 20), participated in semi-structured interviews. The question addresses aspects that will be important throughout the week and on the weekends, use patterns, forms of activities, frequency of use, parental management ways, and issues. Interviews were captured on tape and written down. Thematic analysis and secret writing of the transcripts were done.