Department of Informatics and Systems

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https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/1169

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Automatic Railway Alert and Control System
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Sakhwat Ali, Maqdad; Shafqat Rasool, Muhammad
Railway Systems remains the main component of the infrastructure of any country. Safe and efficient railway system is a necessary part of every country. Our railway system has a lot of loop holes in it which results in loss of lives and trains. In our project we have proposed a safe and sound control system which ensures safety and smooth running of railways. This system can save lives which we loose on crossing as well as man power can be reduced by this system and made an overall efficient railway system. We are using Arduino as our main controller and Rf communication to communicate with train. We are also using GSM module to send message to base in case of any issue in the system.IR sensors are used to detect the train and servo motors are used on barriers. We are controlling the train of speed when it’s near to crossing and stops it if barriers are not closed upon train’s arrival. Train speed control is achieved by the technique called Pulse Width Modulation. Similar system is already implemented in modern countries and they are getting good results from it.
Combined scheduling of electric vehicles and renewable energy under uncertainty
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Bilal Ahmed
The increasing energy demand due to industrial and consumer load as well as population has made it imperative to seek out various other resources to harness power. Conventional methods of electric power generation have failed to keep up with the demand in the energy; it is a rather depleting source of power production. These hydrocarbon fuels also pose a serious threat to the environment as the global warming has increased significantly due to their use. The need of the hour is to develop such a system which would be able to cater the needs of the increased energy demand as well as be less of a threat to the environment. Much research has been done on the renewable energy resources and it has produced significant results. With the advancement in research and development, more efficient and better means of electric power production have been devised. The instances include the ever-improving PV panels, Wind energy units and Energy produced from biomass etc. The concept of micro-grid is exactly the crux of the above discussion where conventional power producing resources work in parallel with the renewable energy resources in order to provide smooth and uninterrupted power supply. Clever algorithms and methods have been devised so that all resources work in synchronism with each other in an optimal way.The aim is to amalgamate the resources in such a way that we are able to get the maximum output power at a minimum cost. Various cost effective optimization schemes have been employed in order to yield a balanced system with a low operating cost and a very good efficiency. Incorporation of the optimization methods into the system not only renders it cost effective and efficient, it can also produce profit to consumer when the designed system supplies power to the grid. The demand of electrical vehicles has risen significantly in the recent years. These vehicles offer zero emissions resulting in no harm to the environment. Vehicle to grid (V2G) is technique that has evolved over the years in the developed countries where a fleet of electrical vehicles can provide surplus power back into the grid hence profiting the consumer. Later in this dissertation, this V2G strategy has been extensively addressed. The aim of this dissertation is to provide a combined Electric vehicle and renewable energy resources schedule using the technique of stochastic programming.
Design and simulation of a demand side management algorithm in a proposed smart grid environment for pakistan
(University of Management and Technology, 2015) Majid Ali
The electrical energy cannot be stored in large scale because we have no resource to store it in bulk.It has to be produced, transmitted, distributed and used instantly. However the nature of the load is variable with respect to time. The power generating plants are designed for maximum demand. It means the gap between peak load and the average load is high which results in greater per unit cost. The peak load increases suddenly in peak hours so we need to install large power generating plants to meet peak demand. It is not possible for developing countries to install such large power generating unitsdue to limited financial resources. The proposed solution of this problem is Demand Side Management (DSM) technique. In Demand Side Management (DSM) techniquethe load is shifted to off peak hourswhich results in financial benefit to residential customers.DSM is an important part of Smart Grid(SG)which is used to shift load to off peak timings as well as reshape load curve.As aresult, importance of SG increases and there isa decrease in per unitenergy cost. However this research thesisrevolves around DSM load shifting techniques for only flexible devices. The flexible devices should be shiftedto off peak period. “The Day Ahead Shifting” techniqueis proposed in this research thesis to minimize the above said problem significantly.Mathematical modelling and simulation in this research thesis are based on residential load during the spring season in Pakistan. This algorithm is developed in Matlab software. The findings of this thesissuggest thatDSMapproachattainssignificantenergy savings and objective curve.
Designing and implementation of versatile all-terrain robot (Hexterbot)
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Ajlal Saleem, Hafiz
This document (report) is written to have a detailed introduction, briefing and analysis of all the work being done in order to accomplish the final year project. It explains everything including the project (Hexterbot), the experience and effort being made, observations and all the data being gathered while making. The components used, modules, structure, parts, assembling, source code which is related to the internal, software of the project, will be discussed along with the future aspects as well. The idea, implementation and the working will be explained in detail in this report. It was a really good experience and above all, the interaction with different kind of people and engineers of their field was a step forward and provided me with immense motivation. It wasn’t a mere learning experience but a gateway to my working abilities and agitation to be a part of enhanced, equipped and fully technical world.
DESIGNING AND SIMULATION OF RESIDENTIAL LOAD MANAGEMENT USING POWER LINE COMMUNICATION
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Qasim Murtaza, Syed; Umar Bhatti, Ali Hussain; Iqbal, Talha
Our nation has been facing a crisis in the electricity production sector. It is struggling to stay in the battle to keep the supply and demand ratio and a result load shedding ensues. The UPS came to the fore as a short term solution to be used as a backup source in the period of load shedding. It is effective but not very elegant as it wastes a lot of energy during charging and supplying power from batteries and put a huge burden on grid system as well. Thus this project focuses on the design and implementation of a solution to the load shedding crisis. This solution is proven to be cheaper, more efficient and much more elegant to the standard UPS that is being used as a norm in our households today. Its performance has invoked a hope that it will eliminate the need for a UPS in the near future.
Differential drive robot using global poistioning system
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Zafar, Jawad; Ahmad, Ch. Taimoor; Ahsan, Hareema
The differential drive robot is a basic type of mobile robots. It has two motors on each side of the robot body. These motors can move independently so we can control the movement of the robot by varying the speed of the motors. The way differential drive robot works, there is right wheel and left wheel with velocity that can be controlled. So, for instance, if they're turning at the same rate, the robot is moving straight ahead. If one wheel is turning slower than another, then the robot is going to be turning towards the direction in which the slower wheel is. So, this a way of actually being able to make the robot move round. Our project is based on differential drive movement. The project name is Differential Drive Robot Using Global Positioning System. In this project arduino is used to control the movement of the robot. Arduino is a small credit card size computer that has external General Purpose Inputs/Outputs (GPIO) which can be used in different electronics projects. These General Purpose Inputs/Outputs can be programmed according to the project requirements. The main task of the robot is to reach its destination avoiding obstacles by getting longitude and latitude from cell phone. The destination is given to the robot with the help of cell phone. The arduino is like a brain of the robot. Ultrasonic sensors are used to avoid obstacles and a compass is also used to turn the robot at a specific angle. Raspberry pi controlled through Wi-Fi from the laptop for making videos.
GSM & GPS BASED SCHOOLS KIDS TRACKING SYSTEM
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Muhammad Rehan; Muhammad Yasir Amin; Afifa Masood; Iftikhar Wahab Minhas
In this project a new system is designed for tracking of kids while using GSM and GPS. This is known as child tracking system and this is going to be new innovation in today era. In our project we are using GPS which is also known as a global positioning system, that is a navigation system and used to track the exact location of kid. After tracking the kid the message will be delivered to the mobile number that is connected with this system.The major use of this system is to know about the exact location of kid. One tracker will be placed with child and that will tell us about the exact location .SMS will be delivered via GSN module so the kid will be tracked.This system will be very helpful for parents and educational institutes as to know about or trace the exact location of their child and it's going to be very important and helpful for safety of kids
Harmonic analysis of grid connected photo voltaic system
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2015) Khan, Omar Raza; Rehmani, Awais
Since nonrenewable energy sources are depleting extremely fast. Pakistan is in grave danger in the next couple of decades, so if we don’t take our mind towards renewable energy sources like sun, then there may not be any electricity in Pakistan to lamp our houses. The aim of this project is to provide a solution for the energy crisis that is not only cost effective, but also easy to implement. The project focuses on maximizing the solar power generation through batter inverter control and working. This project provides a way to keep grid electricity usage to minimum and utilize the solar energy as much as possible, and in case of extreme conditions of weather a battery plan is also available. As well as smart grid photo voltaic system connected to the power grid in this case there is need to minimize the harmonic distortion to standard level which depends on different technique of inverter control.
Implementation and analysis of economic load dispatch using Krill Herd algorithm
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Umar Zahid, Muhammad
The importance of economic load dispatch (ELD) problems in electric power operation emphasizes to be solved effectively so that an efficient plan for power generation could be developed for a given load demand. In real life scenarios, non-linearity and complexity of ELD cost function make it a hideous task to be solved effectively. In this research work, a nature inspired optimization algorithm (Krill Herd Algorithm (KHA)) is efficiently implemented for different ELD problems involving complex and convex functions. Different test systems of thermal power generating units involving active power limits, transmission loss, and valve point loading constraints are considered for the implementation of the optimization algorithm. A statistical comparison of the results obtained by the implemented algorithm with different optimization techniques already developed is also made to analyze the efficiency of the KHA. By comparing the outcomes, it is observed that the implemented KHA is far better in robustness and efficiency than other previously implemented algorithms. Fuel cost optimization response of KHA is also better than other algorithms in studies. Simulations of implemented algorithm for different test systems are obtained by MATLAB. Inclusion of different real time constraints involved in ELD problems makes this implementation an effective and reliable factor in practical field.
Inter university campuses communication using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS-VPN)
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Muhammad Usama Tahir; Saud Akram
MPLS is short for Multiprotocol label switching. It is the latest technology in WAN network. Many of the Telecommunication Industry Sector is shifting their backbone networks on MPLS because of it has advance enhance features like QoS and fast switching speed. Although MPLS provides some security at low level to enhance its security, Virtual Private Networks are created to secure the data completely to its destination. VPN itself is secure. A virtual private network (VPN) is the essential security feature that allows remote monitoring systems to take advantage of the low communications cost of the internet. This paper introduces the VPN concept and summarizes the networking and security principles. The mechanics of security, for example, types of encryption and protocols for exchange of keys between partners, are explained. Important issues for partners in different countries include the interoperability and mutual accreditations of systems.
IoT based health care system
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Abu Bakar Asif; Ammar Haider
IoT in health care system has proven to be a very useful resource in the developed world. However, it is still limited to handful consumers and the majority remains without this privilege. Especially in Pakistan, the idea seems to be far-fetched as it isn't introduced to any hospital or medical facility. Currently, the manual based system is used and it consumes a lot of time, which consequently may leave many ill patients to further critical situations. An IoT based system would help a care-giver to view multiple patients' health states at the same time. In this way, any emergency situation will get a much faster response.
Issues and challenges in the Integration of Internet of Things and Cloud Computing
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Amber Azam Malik
In the present era Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and their integration are hot topics of research. The two variant worlds of Cloud and IoT have seen a remarkable independent evolution. Though, a lot of mixed issues occurring from the integration have been identified in literature and are forseen in the next genre. Generally, to obtain benefits in specific integration, foremost is to grab and carve issues, to fight further flaws. This research presents Issues involved in the Integration, their root causes and the consequences on the society. This research is to look for vulnerabilities and to analyze them, so that the quality of integration by two contrary technologies must be guaranteed. The main ideas of this research encompasses on hurdles in the integration of two technologies Cloud Computing and Internet of things. The research describes IOT and CC thoroughly and then focuses on their integration. Relevant issues and challenges in the merging of two vast differ techniques are major agenda of this research. In description, research grasps mainly concerned topics, services, layers, architectures, working, protections, security, rules and regulations by being focused on issues and challenges in the integration of IOT and CC to form CoT (Cloud of Things). Major and general issues and challenges are essentially taken as research area.
Jackhammer (Online construction companies and contractors)
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Hamza Ibsalim; Hassaan Tariq; Naufal Ali Shah; Shahroz Ghaffar
This web application provides an online feature for the people without visiting and surveying market and they can find any construction company or service provider related to any trade. For this purpose efficient search options will be provided for clients for searching in their local area. This will save the time and effort of people and will provide more business oppurnities for contractors as well as service providers. The selection of a contractor or service provider depends upon the overall progress report, client reviews and average rating. As a result, clients can find best party in little time and as a result, small business setups can rise their maturity and quality level. Accounts will be provided for all users of this web application so that they can avail maximum benefits from this application. Each user has different access controls and options related to their type. The client will also be able to see the location and profile of the constructor or service provider. After the completion of a task, client can give reviews about that contractor or service provider.
Long range communication using stimulated radiation of visible light
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Mahmood, Imran
Laser communication is new wireless technology that transmits the audio or sound signal from one Source to another source by the laser beam of the system. The system can probably transmit audio and sound much faster than the other systems. And can transmit data up to 1 GB per second. Just because of this it became more famous and well-known system than any other. Laser communication is an enormous field. But it is still need line of sight for sake of communication. This technology isn’t introduced in Pakistan at that level just because of this problem. But it has been established as a very valuable technology in advanced countries. In Pakistan optical fiber and RF are being used which also have great drawback that these can be jammed. So by using laser communication at some height will end up the problem of line of sight. And it can also never be jammed.
MPLS VPN (multiprotocol label switching, virtual private network)
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Shahzad, Muhammad; Hayat Ullah; Nawaz, Zaki
MPLS is proposed to replace the frame relay technology. MPLS use for forwarding the traffic on the basic of Labels so that effectively increase the efficiency of device and easy to manageable. MPLS give support of load balancing (if two ISP are connected one is active and other is standby but in MPLS we can use both link for traffic). MPLS use for geographical area (connectivity of different sites of same company located at different even countries).MPLS support Quality of service (voice, video etc). Virtual private network can be make in MPLS.MPLS belongs to layer 2.5 layer mid between network (Routing) and data link (Switching) layer. MPLS work for speedy network of labeling increase reliability and easy to manage. MPLS can work for same subnets of sites means every sites contain the same IP address MPLS run between them by creating VPN tunnels through which they can communicate with each other like they are directly connected. Traffic engineering application of MPLS is used for manage the traffic through which you done for specific route passes through specific link of having mention bandwidth if bandwidth increase then not allow the specific route to carry on that specific link. MPLS can be use for ATM on bridge purpose like in banking sector ATM link if ATM one link goes down MPLS have standby link immediately up that standby link. So MPLS have a lot of benefit over other technology in recent years.
Obstacle Avoidance & Live Broadcasting Robot
(University of Management & Technology, 2017) Imtiaz, Hamza; Khudaija-Tul-Murtaza; Martin, Punema
Wheeled mobile robots created from the self-ruling mobile robot named “Yamabico” which has been planned for numerous years. The robot used in this study is a mobile robot which is furnished with four actuator wheels and is examine as a system subject to non-holonomic restraints. This project is very low budget mobile robot for heavy load that consists of distance sensors, Arduino, Dual tone multi frequency, L298 motor driver and DC motors with wheels. Extra bulb is used for lighting the zone in front of robot; this is very beneficial for dark area. The main motto of designing this robot is to help the military and rescue services to use it as surveillance or rescue service robot. Not only this, it can reduce the complexity of operating remote control based robots. For example, military, industrial robotics, construction vehicles in civil side etc. come under this category. Commands to the robot are sent by cell phone depending on either controlled or autonomous. Once the commands are received by the receiver on robot, it processes them in order to change position or speeds. It also develops real-time obstacle detection and obstacle avoidance for navigation of mobile robots using IR sensors in an unstructured environment. The process of robot control includes; • Collect information from the environment (Senses). • Information collected is used and processed (Process). • Follow instructions to perform actions (Acts). In this progressive approach, at first robot detects the earth and gathers the data and afterward designs the following activity. Information gathered will be passed to Arduino to process those information. Deterrents encompassed by the robot can be distinguished by sensor introduced on the robot, for example, infrared Proximity sensors. This maintains a strategic distance from robot crash. Camera introduced on the robot can give video sustain to the client keeping in mind the end goal to perform examination in new zone or tight passage.
Optimal scheduling of microgrid under uncertainty
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Asif Niaz
The significance of a continuous electric supply in today's world is undeniable. However, we are observing failures in this regard in our country due to shortage of electricity. The main focus of my thesis is to use micrgrid on distribution level the meet energy demand. In microgrid, electricity sources used are solar power, wind power and conventional generator. However solar and wind power are uncertain due which conventional optimization algorithm can not provide accurate scheduling of microgrid. Therefore a robust optimization approach has been use to optimize this microgrid scheduling procedure. Additionally a mathematical model using a robust optimization technique for measuring the uncertainty of microgrid system is also developed. The result shows the validity of the proposed mathematical model. However, the huge uncertainties in the supply of this energy can make it impracticable. The use of robust optimization brings in accurate and precise results under the uncertain conditions. The use of robust optimization facilitates the use of adding the uncertainties to the said problem in order to obtain the accurate results which in result provide a better cost optimization. This cost effective technique renders greater profits for the energy providing entity.
Pakistan Sign Language Text to Animation
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Asif, Ahsan; Jamil, Subhan; Ishtiaque
Sign language is a visual gesture language. Deaf people use sign language as their main source for communication. They use their hands, face and arms for conveying thoughts and meanings. Sign language is not having any written form and generating signs using video approach is very expensive, so, sign animation is the best solution. An automated system will be implemented in which words and phrases will be taken as the input and then translated onto our own made notation system, which will be able to identify the language pattern of the deaf community. Before that, a layer would have been imposed for the coordinates of the gesture, which once identified by our notation system will be displayed by the virtual human through animations.
Power quality issue in Microgrid
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Sohail Mustafa, Muhammad
The necessity of time demands the change from conventional power sources to self-comfort and generation of green sources to meet the need of its rapid increasing energy. Since the generation of electricity is at distant areas, its transmission to urban areas results in the losses. At distribution level, the types of non-linear and linear loads generate further power quality issues such as voltage drop, issues of reactive power and phase unbalance. To avoid above issues and making system more reliable at power system distribution level, a microgrid concept is introduced. Microgrid is fundamentally an outfit at the level of MV distribution system that consists of several units of distributed generation and regional loads. Microgrid has two modes of operation. (1) Grid-connected (2) Islanded mode. The instant change of Microgrid between their operation modes i.e. from grid-connected to Islanded mode generates issues of power quality i.e. fluctuation of voltage and deficiency of reactive power needs by loads. In this dissertation, the concept of microgrid is applied to the industrial load in real-time. As there is shortage of electricity demand in our country, the well-being of industry depends on analytical loads. The D-STATCOM technique of reactive power and voltage controlling are plotted for Microgrid smooth operation between their operating modes.
Process parameter optimization of wire EDM on stainless-steel-304 material by using taguchi method
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2015) Hafiz Liaqat Noor; Shoaib Aslam
Wire EDM process is a highly complicated, time varying & sophisticated procedure. This is utilized in the field of molds, dies, precision manufacturing & accurate cutting etc. Any complicated design can be created with high grade of precision & surface finish utilizing Wire EDM. The output of this process is influenced by a huge number of input variables. Therefore an appropriate choice of input variables is very crucial to get maximum surface finish, maximum material removal rate and minimum machining time. The selection of these input variables depends greatly on the operator's choice & experience. Wire EDM is widely utilized in machining of electrically conductive materials when accuracy & precision is of prime significance. In the present work WEDM machining is performed on work parts of Stainless Steel-304. Actually we wanted to find the effect of Process Parameters on Surface Roughness & Material Removal Rate applying on material with Varying Thicknesses. So, we utilized Brass Wire with diameter of 0.18mm. Process Parameters which we concerned are Wire Speed, Wire Feed Rate, Fluid Pressure, and they are used as our input parameters. We varied our input parameters to find out their effect on the material's Surface Roughness & Material Removal Rate. Profilometer has been used to measure the Surface Roughness.

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