Institute of Clinical Psychology

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Attachment Styles, Cognitive Errors and Social Intelligence in Transgender
(University of Management and Technolog, 2017) Iqbal, Mehwish
The current study was aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment patterns, cognitive errors and social intelligence in transgender. In this study, an indigenous scale of cognitive errors for transgender was developed and the sample of 120 participants was used with the age 18 and above (M=1.50 and SD= .50). The scale was comprised of three factors; Negative Self Content, negative perception of others’ and over compensatory reaction. At first, the phenomenology was explored and items were collated then, after the expert validation the scale was used for data collection. Along with cognitive errors scale for transgender, two other scales were also used; one was the attachment questionnaire for adults (Hazan & Shaver, 1987) and the second was social intelligence scale (Habib, Saleem & Mahmood, 2013). The data was collected from different NGOs and all the participants were approached while following the strategy of purposive sampling. Result shows that insecure attachment, employment, sex work and social manipulation were the positive predictors of developing cognitive errors. The findings show that those transgender who have secure attachment patterns were scored high on positive factors of social intelligence. Whereas, those transgender who are living with their families were more prone to develop cognitive errors. Moreover, there were no difference were found between age groups of transgender for developing cognitive errors. The results were discussed in the light of Pakistani cultural context that offer the base of providing counseling services to transgenders
Burnout Tendencies and Mental Health Issues of Administrative Staff of the University
(University of Management & Technology, 2016) Daud, Sana
The current study is an attempt to explore the relationship between Burnout tendencies and Mental Health functioning in Administrative staff of University. The current study was carried out in four stages in the first stage the phenomenology of the Burnout tendencies was explored through open ended approach from 20 participants. This phase resulted into 75 items the final list of 53 items was further validated by 10 experts and piloted on 30 participants age range Mean. In the final stage a sample of 193 (75% male, 25% female) with the age range of (M 32.35, SD 8.40) was selected through purposive sampling from Private Sector University and given Burnout Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale DASS, (Lovibond, & Lovibon, 1995) along with the demographic form. The results of factor analysis revealed a three factor solution namely Feeling Exhausted, Feeling of Dysfunctional and Somatic Complaints. The Burnout scale was found to have high internal consistency and concurrent validity the results of Hierarchical Regression analysis revealed that Burnout was found to be significant predictor of Mental Health issues in Administrative staff of the University. The results are discussed in terms of stress management and counseling for the administrative staff of the university
Burnout, Perceived Social Support and Self-esteem among Trainee Clinical Psychologist
(University of Management and Technology, 2016) Ayaz Khan, Mahreen
Present study investigates the relationship among Burnout, Perceived Social Support and Self-esteem among trainee clinical psychologist. Total sample was 250 in which 100 participants were trainee clinical psychologist and 150 participants from other disciplines of studies from M.S and M.Phil with mean and standard deviation is respectively (M27.25,SD 3.83).Three valid and reliable scale have been use in the current study. For measurement of burnout Burnout scale (Shehzad, Saleem, & Mehmood, 2011) was used. For the dimension of perceived social support Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, Dahlem, & Farley, 1988) was used. To assess the self-esteem self -esteem scale for students (Zafar, Saleem, & Mehmood, 2012) was used. Regression analysis revealed that burnout is a negative predictor of self-esteem more the burnout factor emotional exhaustion predicts low self-esteem on the other hand perceived social support is the positive predictor of self-esteem perception of social support forecasts positive self-esteem. Program of study have relationship with burnout.The result of T.test and Anova revealed that semester number, and gender have no significance with burnout, perceived social support and self-esteem. By conducting the current study it was revealed that burnout and perceived social support are predictor of self-esteem. It will gave further guidance that different workshop, self-grooming programs ,group therapies and counseling session can be conducted to enhance the self-esteem of students and also it further help for the management of burnout.
Dark triad, social intelligence and mental health problems in Law students
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Ghani, Nida
Lawyers possess difference kind of personality and sometime called immoral than other professionals. The main focus of current research was to find out dark triad personality, social intelligence and in law students. This study provides a validation of short dark triad scale on law students. After pilot study, 400 participants male and female (73%, 28%) were selected through multistage sampling with the age range of 18-24 (M, 21.42SD, 1.66). Participants were given short dark triad scale (SDT), social intelligence scale (SIS) and student problem checklist (SPCL) along with demographic form. The findings revealed that dark triad personality had positive relationship with the Mental Health Problems. The results also shows that participants age and experience, mother age, education and mother occupation, govtinstitute, social manipulativeness, and machiavellianism, were positive predictor of mental health problems in law students. Social skills, extraversion and social empathy was negative predictor of mental health problems.
Development of English reading test for school children (Grade 6th to 8th)
(University of Management and Technology, 2018) Tanzila Mushtaq
Reading is the basics of all other skills and academic achievement for children but there is no standard assessment exist to identify English reading skills in schools of Pakistani cultural context. This research study was intend to develop and validate and indigenous scale to assess the English reading skills for school children with the age range of 11-16 years with (M=12.49 and SD=1.32) in public schools. For this purpose first of all words were randomly selected from the school children textbooks of grades 6th to 8th. 120 words were selected for the administration. After that the words were arranged according to their increasing order of difficulty i.e from easy word to challenging words. Total number of school children which were assessed was 300 (150 girls and 150 boys) on 3 individual tests like English Reading test, Reading test Urdu and Vocabulary test. The results of the present study shows that there is a positive correlation of English with Urdu reading and vocabulary test because these skills are positively related with each other. The results of the t-test and Anova shows that Early adolescence are better in English reading test as compared to middle adolescence. The results shows that the boys of six class are performed better in English reading test as compared to girls but in reading test Urdu and vocabulary test girls are better than boys.
Development of English Vocabulary Test for School Children of Grade 6th, 7th and 8th
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Ayesha Amin
The present study aim to develop the indigenous English vocabulary test for school children grade 6th, 7th and 8th class with the age range of 10 to 15 years of (M=13.10; SD=1.09). The study was divided into two phases the first phase consist on the development of test in which first of all the item were selected from the given glossary from books of the school children, secondly after piloting the increasing order of difficulty was calculated. The second phase was consisted of establishing the psychometrics properties of test in which test re-test reliability and concurrent validity showed that test was highly validate and reliable, than the main study N=300 result showed that there was significant positive correlation between vocabulary skills and grade of students as the score increase when the class of the students increase. N=300. However there is no gender differences were found in vocabulary skills. This research provide an indigenous vocabulary test which might be helpful after assessment for making intervention plan as well as provide support for further researches.
Effect of Hypnotic Suggestions on Breast Cancer Pain Management
(University of Management & Technology, 2018) Saba Maqsood
The current study is conducted to assess the effects of the hypnosis on breast cancer pain management. For this purpose an intervention plan for breast cancer patients was developed comprising on psycho education, progressive muscle relaxation, eye fascination and circle therapy and constructed two sessions for systematic application of intervention plan to reduce the cancer induce pain. Furthermore the manual of intervention plan was written. The sample size was of 60 females, stage 2 ongoing through chemotherapy, from Jinnah Hospital Lahore by using of convenience and purposive sampling technique. Subjective pain rating scale was used for the pre and post assessment of the pain. The results of this research showed a significant correlation between breast cancer pain management and hypnosis. Two hypnosis sessions with pretest and posttest each were carried out for managing pain and the pain was decreased at the end of each session. The result revealed that pain of the participants with emotional suggestibility was decreased more as compared to the participants with physical suggestibility. Further results findings showed that the pain of the participants from the age range of 30 to 35 years was reduced considerably more as compared to other two age group. Moreover the pain of the group of participants who were taking chemo with medicine had significantly decreased pain more than the group of chemo alone. The repeated measure Anova and Multivariate analysis was done for statistical analysis.
Effectiveness of Manualized Intervention to Deal Emotional and Behavioral Problems of School Children.
(University of Management and Technology, 2018) Sharif, Alia
The current study was conducted to see the effectiveness of the Manualized Intervention by using Response to Intervention (RTI) approach to deal Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Students. ABA qusai-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the multi-tier Intervention for Emotional and Behavioral Problems of the students. For this purpose, total 100 participants from 8th grade screened through standardized assessment measure School Children Problem Scale SCPS (Saleem & Mahmood, 2011). After screening total 50 students were identified and selected on the basis of their functional profiles as Mild, Moderate, Severe and Very severe with the age range of 12-18 years with the (M= 13.64, SD= .89) . By developing Response to Intervention Manual Multi-Tier Intervention implemented to manage the Emotional and Behavioral Problems of the students. Paired Sample t-Test was used to investigate the main hypothesis that revealed the significance difference (p< .001) between pre and post ratings of the students. Overall, findings indicates the effectiveness of the Manualized Intervention to deal the emotional and behavioral problems of the students. The present study provides a legend for a fundamental intervention design specifically related to emotional behavioral problems of the mainstream students, and the present effort emphasis to take a healthy step towards the prevention and promotion of mental health in mainstream schools and the source of creating awareness in teachers and students regarding the serious consequences of the psychological problems.
Effectiveness of Social Skills Training Program for Children with Down’s Syndrome
(University of Management & Technology, 2016) Anees, Ramsha
In this study the pre and post effect of social skills training program in children with Down’s syndrome was demonstrated. Six students with Down’s syndrome with age range 10-14 years (M= 11.66, SD=.51) were participated in the study. The initial assessment was carried out with The Portage Guide to Early Education (Bluma, Shearer, Froman, & Hilliard, 1976) and 5 goals were selected which were further divided into fifteen goals. The social skills training manual was developed to follow the proper session protocol. Paired sample t-test was used to investigate the hypothesis which revealed a significant difference (p> 0.001) between pre and post test results. Significance changes in social skills were observed following the treatment. The intervention program attempted to increase understanding of social skills in children with Down syndrome.
Effects of Group CBT on Stress of Mothers with Intellectually Disable Child
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Shehnaz Akhter
The current study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral method in managing the stress of mothers having an intellectually disable child using an ABA design. For this a manual of training program containing group cognitive behavior therapy was developed for managing the stress of mothers having an intellectually disable child. 20 household mothers from a special education center of 20-40 age range were selected after assessing and then mothers were randomly divided into the experimental and the control group equally. Both groups in pretest and posttest were assessed by using an indigenously developed maternal stress scale. The experimental group was given the group cognitive behavioral therapy while the control group was only psycho-educated about stress. For testing the main hypotheses, paired sample t-test was used that indicated that the stress is reduced in the experimental group after the application of group cognitive behavioral therapy than in the control group. From the findings it is concluded that stress management can be used in future for the reduction of stress of mothers with intellectually disable child.
Embitterment, Interpersonal relationship and Mental health problems in Patients with Diabetes
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Sadia Irfan
This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between embitterment, interpersonal relationship and mental health problems in patients with diabetes. This study was carried out in two phases. In first phase, indigenous relationship scale was developed and in subsequent phase main study was conducted by using newly developed interpersonal relationship scale (RS), Posttraumatic embitterment disorder (PTSD) scale and Depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS). The data was collected from middle adulthood patients with diabetes with age range of 40-65 by using purposive sampling strategy. The result of factor analysis showed three factors of relationship scale. Correlation analysis result revealed the positive significant relationship between embitterment and mental health problems and negative significant relationship of interpersonal relationship with embitterment and mental health problems. Furthermore, results showed the mental health problems were predicted by gender and embitterment. This study can be helpful to rule out the psychological reasons and for counseling purposes of patients with diabetes.
Emotional behavioral problems and parental rearing
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Naseer, Nazish
Current study was an attempt to investigate the agreement and discrepancies among mother and adolescent’s perception about the emotion behavioral problems of adolescent as well as to see the impact of perceived maternal rearing on next generation (adolescent’s) perception of emotional behavioral problems along with the coping strategies of mothers. Present study also focused on mothers own perception about their maternal rearing and its relationship with the perception of adolescent’s emotional behavioral problems. Cross sectional research designed was used in which 240 data was divided into two populations, 120 adolescents (60 boys, 60 girls) and 120 mothers.School Children Problem Scale (SCPS), Egna Minnen Beträff and eUppfostran (EMBU-C and EMBU-A)child and adult version to measure perceived parental rearing.Perceived Emotional Behavioral Problem Scale (PEBP) for maternal perception about emotional behavioral problems of adolescent andBrief cope scale (BC) were used. No discrepancy was found between mother and adolescent’s perception regardingadolescent’s emotional behavioral problems.Mothers who perceived emotional warmth from their mothers perceived less emotional and behavioral problems in their adolescents. Relationshipwas found between the mother’s coping and perceived emotional behavioral problems among adolescents as problem focused coping had negative relationship with adolescent’s emotional behavioral problems. Results are discussed under the cultural context and further research suggestion are given.
Emotional behavioural problems and self-esteem in children with absent fathers
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Nudra Shaukat
The present study purports to explore the relationship between emotional behavioral problems, experienced during adolescence and self-esteem in children with absent fathers. The sample comprised of 200 students (94 boys or 106 girls) age ranging between 13-17 (M = 15.03,SD =1.22). Purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Two indigenous tools/measures used namely School Children Problems Scale (Saleem and Mahmood, 2011) and Self-Esteem Children Scale (Saleem&Mahmood, 2011) along with demographic Performa. The overall result revealed that due to father absence, both emigrant and deceased father's children face emotional behavioral problems and low self-esteem. And in reference to demographics, children with age 15 or more have experienced somatic complaints than children with the age 14 or less. On both categories, children respond on aggression and somatic complaints highly significant factors as compared to others. Mostly children with absent fathers have experienced moderate level of the prevalence and severity level of emotional behavioral problems.
Exposure to Domestic Violence, Social Intelligence and Emotional Behavioral Problems in Adolescents
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Akram, Syma
The present study aimed to explore the relationship among exposure to domestic violence, social intelligence and emotional behavioral problems in adolescents. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship among exposure to domestic violence and social intelligence (social deviousness, dominance and control).Moreover, it was hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship among exposure to domestic violence and emotional behavioral problems. It was also hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship among social intelligence (social deviousness, dominance and control) and emotional behavioral problems. Sample of 200 adolescents of age 13-16 (M = 14.59, SD = 0.82) of class 9th and 10th (Boys = 100, Girls = 100) were collected from four government and private schools of Lahore. Social Intelligence Scale for Adolescents (SISA; Yousaf&Saleem, 2012), School Children Problem Scale (SCPS; Saleem&Mahmood, 2011) and a newly developed indigenous scale for exposure to domestic violence were administered. Exposure to domestic violence was not significantly correlate with social intelligence and emotional behavioral problems of adolescents. Regression analysis showed that class, gender, family system and social intelligence were predictors of emotional behavioral problems in adolescents. The results were discussed in the light of cultural context of Pakistan.
Family Cohesion, Social Competence and Bullying Victimization in Adolescents
(University of Management and Technology, 2018) Halima Khurshid
The current study is an attempt to explore the relationship of family cohesion, social competence and bullying victimization in adolescents. It was hypothesized that high family cohesion would result in high social competence and low bullying victimization in adolescents. The research was carried out in IV phases i.e. exploring phenomenology, expert validation, pilot study and finally main study. The data was collected from the public school settings through Stratified Random Sampling and mixed method research design was used. The measures of the current study comprised of The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES IV) (Olson, Russell, & Sprenkle, 1982), indigenously established Social Competence Scale, Bullying Victimization Scale (Amjad & Saleem, 2014) and Demographic Performa. The results showed highly positive significant relationship of family cohesion with social competence and a negative significant relationship with the bullying victimization in adolescents. Findings of t-test showed that boys have highly significant scoring on bullying victimization as compared to girls. However, family systems was not found to have significant difference with family cohesion.
Functional developmental profile for age 7-8 years old (boys): a validation study
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Fatima Noreen
Child development is the every important and delicate area with regards to functionality, assessment and management because of the versatility of culture and its impacts on child development. This research study was intended to validate a culturallyrelevant scale to assess the functional development of school children with the age range of 7-8 years old (M= 7.58 &SD= .49). Along with that relationship of the five developmental areas which are physical, adaptive behaviors, social/emotional, cognitive and communication skills were assessed and also age and class difference in functional development was also explored. Developmental profile (Alpern, 2007) was used to validate it in this culture, for this purpose 100 mainstream school children (Boys) of age 7-8 years old were taken as a researchparticipant. Finding of the research study showed that test retest reliability of the validated tool is very high. Positive correlation was found among five developmental areas and it was revealed that children of 8 years are more functional development tan children of 7 years old. Class wise different was also found in the results which suggests that as grade of the student increase his functional development is also increases. With the help of this research study not just mainstream children but also special education children will be facilitated in the course of assessment of their functional age
Functional Developmental Profile for Children of 5-6 Years of Age:
(University of Management and Technology, 2016) Riffat, Sana
Child development is an important but neglected section of our culture, which requires attention and awareness in many ways especially in relation to assessment. The purpose of current study was to develop culturally relevant developmental assessment tool for children. Furthermore, this research was exploring the relationship among all developmental areas as well as age class and school sectors differences on Functional Developmental Profile. At first validation of Functional Developmental Profile was assessed then Indigenous Functional Developmental Profile was developed. The psychometric properties were established through test-retest reliability total 52 children were taken as sample through multistage simple random sampling, from government and private elementary schools with the age range of 5-6 years (M= 5.54, SD=.50). Functional Developmental Profile was used in this research. The results showed there is significant positive relationship among all developmental areas i.e. social/emotional, cognitive, communication, adaptive functioning and physical skills. Through this research study age, class and sector difference found on all developmental areas. This study also provide with an indigenous checklist which might be helpful for assessment of different developmental areas of children of age 5-6 years as well as provide a support for future researches.
Gender Differences in Psychosocial Problems and Self-Esteem of the School Orphans in Lahore
(University of Management and Technology, 2017) Quratulain Jamil
The current study gender differences in psychosocial problems and self-esteem of school orphans in Lahore was focused on the psychosocial problems of orphans who studied in the mainstream school. To measure the psychosocial problems of the orphan the scale was developed for assessment of the psychosocial problem of the orphan. A 29 items were presented to the participant as self-report measure, Orphan Children Problem Scale (OCPS) along with the School Children Problem Scale (SCPS). Orphan child had the self-esteem issue to measure the self-esteem of the orphan child, the self-report measure Self-Esteem for School Children (SES) was used. The study was presented the psychosocial problems of the participants were from 12 to 18 years old (M=14.6, SD=1.6) and class 8th, 9th and 9th (100 Boys and 100 Girls). Factor analysis revealed three factors named as Lack of Social Support, Lack of Emotional Support and Lack of Interpersonal Support. In selected respondents, a purposive sampling technique and asimple random sampling was used. The cross sectional research design was used for the study.The main finding of the study revealed that from age 16 to 18 and class 9th and 10th faced more psychosocial problems. The result also revealed that there was no gender difference in the self-esteem as orphan. The counselling services should be provided by the school counselor with the cooperation with the parents and school management.
Health anxiety, self-medicating behavior and general health issues in University students.
(University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2016) Ansar, Muniba
The aim of this research was to find out the relationship among Self-Medication, Health Anxiety and General Health Problems in University population. The sample of this research was comprised of (N=200), in which an equal proportion from government and private university students were taken, while cross sectional research design was used in the research. To measure self-medication an indigenous scale was developed, while Health Anxiety Questionnaire was used to assess Anxiety among university population regarding their health issues (Lucock& Morley, 1990), moreover General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Williams, 1998) was used to assess general health issues of university students. Results revealed that there was a highly significant positive correlation among anxiety, fear, and dissatisfaction with doctors, health anxiety, self-medicating behavior and general health negative. Furthermore results also revealed that availability of medicine leads to high consumption of self-medication and female university students have more health anxiety than male students. Results also revealed that higher level of health anxiety exists among early adulthood students than later years, moreover low general health in university students leads to self-medication behavior. Results also describe that health anxiety in university students is a significant predictor of self-medication. Furthermore from the results it has also been revealed that Gender is also a key predictor of self-medication, which gives a notation that consumption self-medication is influenced by gender. The research also provide an indigenous scale of self-medication that can be used in further researches in the field of clinical psychology.
Identity, Social Intelligence, Emotional Behavioral Problems of Institutionalized Orphan and Mainstream Adolescents
(University of Management and Technology, 2016) Ashiq, Uzma
The current study was aimed to explore the difference between orphan and main stream adolescents on Identity, Social Intelligence and Emotional Behavioral Problems. A total sample of 200 (100 Orphans and 100 Mainstream) Adolescents with the age range of 12-19, (M 14.42, SD 1.47) were selected through purposive sampling technique. The research protocol comprised Identity Scale for Adolescents ISA, (Iqbal &Saleem, 2015). Social Intelligence Scale for Adolescents SISA, (Saleem&Yousaf ,2012) andSchool Children’s Problem Scale SCPS, (Saleem& Mahmood, 2011) along with a demographic Performa. Results showed that Orphan Adolescents scored significantly higher on Negative and Arrogant Identity, Social Deviousness and Dominance and Control than the Mainstream Adolescents. On the other hand, Mainstream Adolescents scored significantly higher on Positive Identity, Social Facilitation and Pro Social domains. Hierarchical Regression Analysis revealed that gender, age, Negative Identity, Dominance and Control were found to be positive predictors of emotional behavioral problems. Results are discussed in terms of cultural influence on orphan hood and implications for clinical and counseling services.

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