Browsing by Author "Muhammad Nadeem Asghar"

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    Gc-ms and antioxidant capacity analyses of cowpea seeds oils
    (Emerald, 2013) Muhammad Nadeem Asghar; Muhammad Shafiq; Iram Nadeem; Muhammad Ashfaq; Sammia Shahid
    Purpose – The cowpea plant, being affordable and protein-rich, is considered poor man’s meat. The aim of this paper is to undertake a detailed investigation regarding in vitro total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and chemical constituents of the vegetable oils from seeds of this plant, taking its nutritional value into consideration. Design/methodology/approach – Vegetable oils of different indigenous cowpea varieties were obtained using soxhelt extraction assembly and subjected to GC-MS analyses and various antioxidant assays including 2,20-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulpohonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging, ferr, 2.20-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging, total phenolic contents (TPC), lipid peroxidation inhibition, and iron chelation activity. Findings – Various chemical constituents including different hydrocarbons, tocopherols, ketones, fatty esters, estragole and cedrene were identified. TPCs were found to be 5.439, 5.7279, 7.6126, 6.7573 and 10.0591 mg/L gallic acid equivalent for S.A. Dandy, Elite, White Star, CP-386 and FBD Rawan varieties, respectively. Employing ABTS radical decoloration assay a significant linear correlation (R 2 ¼ 0.997, 0.996, 0.997, 0.996 and 0.997 for S.A. Dandy, Elite, White Star, CP-386 and FBD Rawan varieties, respectively) was found between the percent inhibition of ABTS radical cation and the amount of vegetable oils. The percent inhibition of the Fe(II)-Ferrozine complex formation was found to be 29.45, 53.76, 82.91, 86.59 and 57.87 for the same varieties, respectively. Originality/value – GC-MS and standard in vitro antioxidative capacity analyses data clearly demonstrated the potency of the cowpea as antioxidant and radical scavenger plant which may be used as a good source of natural antioxidants. The plant seeds may prove a better and cost-effective substitute of expensive food items.
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    In vitro assessment of protection from oxidative stress by various fractions of mazus pumilus
    (Chemical Society of Pakistan, 2013) Sammia Shahid; Tauhed Riaz; Muhammad Athar Abbasi; Farah Khalid; Muhammad Nadeem Asghar
    Bioactive compounds in food have been shown to maintain human health. Therefore the aim of this investigation was to evaluate antioxidant potential of an edible herb Mazus pumilus (Burm. f.) Steenis by spectrophotometric methods. Methanolic extract of the herb was obtained on Soxhlet apparatus, and sequentially fractionized with organic solvents of increasing polarity. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions was evaluated by four methods: 1,1-Diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and ferric thiocyanate assay along with determination of their total phenolics. The results revealed that n-butanol fraction exhibited highest percent inhibition of DPPH radical as compared to other fractions. It showed 80.42±1.68 inhibition level, % of DPPH radical at a concentration of 60 μg ml-1. The IC50 value of this fraction was 28.79±1.35 μg ml-1, relative to ascorbic acid, having IC50 58.84±0.89 μg ml-1. It also showed highest total antioxidant activity (1.01±0.08) as well as highest FRAP value (626.83±0.39 TE / μM ml-1), highest total phenolic contents (88.30±1.09 GAE / mg g-1) and highest value of inhibition of lipid peroxidation (53.91±1.21 %) as compared to the other studied fractions. The results obtained from this study suggest that Mazus pumilus is a valuable herb, which due to the presence of larger quantities of antioxidant compounds inhibits the oxidative stress mechanism that lead to degenerative diseases.
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    Screening of Ranunculus sceleratus for enzyme inhibition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
    (A Journal of the Bangladesh Pharmacological Society (BDPS), 2015) Sammia Shahid; Tauheda Riaz; Muhammad Nadeem Asghar
    Enzyme inhibition potential of various fractions of Ranunculus sceleratus was checked against α-glucosidase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase and lipoxygenase enzymes. n-Butanol fraction showed very good activity (77.5 ± 1.0% inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL) against α-glucosidase. Its IC50 value was 35.7 ± 1.0 μg/mL comparable to quercetin (IC50 value 16.5 ± 0.4 μg/mL). Antibacterial activity was checked against five bacterial strains by 96-wells microplate assay using ciprofloxacin, a standard antibiotic. Chloroform, ethyl acetate, nbutanol and aqueous fractions showed excellent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (MIC at 7.1, 7.8, 5.6 and 5.3 respectively), which is greater than standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin (MIC 10.0). The antioxidant potential of all the fractions was evaluated. Ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibited highest percent inhibition of DPPH radical as compared to other fractions. It showed 80.9 ± 1.2% inhibition of DPPH radical at a concentration of 30 μg/mL. These results suggest that R. sceleratus is a valuable herb, which inhibits the oxidative stress mechanism that lead to degenerative diseases.