Browsing by Author "Maha Azhar"

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    Perceived Parental Rearing Styles, Distress Tolerance and Mental Health Problems of University Students
    (University of Management & Technology, 2017) Maha Azhar
    Distress Tolerance is described as the capacity to resist negative emotional states (Simons & Gaher, 2005), and is becoming a focus of clinical practitioners in recent years. The current study aimed to explore the culture specific experiences and manifestation of distress tolerance in university students and its relationship with perceived parental rearing styles and mental health problems. For this purpose, firstly, phenomenology was explored from 26 university students through open ended question that yielded a list of 60 items, followed by expert validation. After exclusion of repeated items and pilot study, a self-report measure was made having 52 items on 4 point Likert scale which was given to 300 university students with the age range of 16 25 years (M=20.05, SD=1.75) along with a demographic questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), and EMBU-A (Perris, Jacobsson, Lindström, von Knorring, and Perris, 1980). Exploratory factor analysis revealed the 2-factor solution of Distress Tolerance Scale with acceptable level of psychometric properties. Hierarchical Regression Analyses have revealed that studying in a government university; experiencing maternal rejection and over-protection and having low distress tolerance level predicts more mental health problems. Similarly, maternal rejection and over-protection predicts low distress tolerance in university students. Results were discussed in terms of culture and gender differences with its clinical and counselling application.