2025

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Browsing 2025 by Author "Ali Ashfaq"

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    Comparative analysis for the performance of diesel engine using blends of biodiesel from neem oil & distilled neem oil
    (UMT Lahore, 2025-09-19) Asif Ali; Ali Ashfaq; Muhammad Sohail
    This study investigates Neem oil biodiesel as a sustainable alternative to conventional diesel, focusing on Pakistan where Neem (Azadirachta indica) is abundant as a non-edible feedstock. To address the high free fatty acid content of raw Neem oil, a distillation pre-treatment was applied prior to biodiesel production. Blends of raw and distilled Neem biodiesel (B05–B30) were tested in a single-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine to evaluate performance and emission behavior. Experimental results showed that distilled Neem biodiesel blends outperformed raw biodiesel in both efficiency and emissions. Brake thermal efficiency increased by up to 88.96% for DNB25D75, while brake-specific fuel consumption was reduced by over 40% compared to diesel. Emission analysis revealed notable decreases in carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur oxides (SO₂), along with a downward trend in nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), contrary to typical biodiesel behavior. These improvements were attributed to the enhanced viscosity, volatility, and combustion quality of distilled Neem biodiesel. Overall, distilled Neem biodiesel demonstrated superior fuel efficiency and lower pollutant emissions, confirming its potential as a technically viable and environmentally preferable alternative to diesel. Its adoption could reduce Pakistan’s dependence on imported petroleum while supporting cleaner energy solutions for agricultural and rural applications.