Assay of iron in pharmaceutical preparations by spectrophotometry and computational scanning densitometry
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Date
2025
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UMT, Lahore
Abstract
Iron is an essential mineral that is used in manufacturing, painting & coating, water treatment, cosmetics and human health to cure anemia, memory issues and other deficiencies. Without the use of sophisticated instrumentation, this study attempts to assay iron in pharmaceutical preparations to ensure accurate dosage and quality control utilizing portable, easy to use, rapid, and innovative approaches. In this work, a novel technique based on computational scanning densitometry (CSD) was used to assay Iron in pharmaceutical preparations. To confirm the accuracy and precision of the suggested approach, spectrophotometry was also used as a reference method to analyze the pharmaceutical preparations. The reduction of Fe3+ occurs in which ascorbic acid act as a reducing agent to reduce the Fe3+ to Fe2+ . A Prussian blue complex (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3) was formed when the Fe2+ combines with potassium ferricyanide [K3Fe(CN)6], and its integrated density was calculated by using Adobe Photoshop. Different factors affecting the color density of Prussian blue like concentration of reagents, pH, time, temperature as well as volume of reagents were studied. Thus, the results of computational scanning densitometry and spectrophotometry were compared. After comparing several color models for regression value, the greyscale model gave the best R2 value. Computational scanning densitometry proved itself a simple, quick, precise and reliable technique. Furthermore, the novel approach has several benefits, including small sample usage, faster analysis, improved accuracy, ease of handling and computer usage.