Corporate governance failures in Japan and Malaysia
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Date
2025-07-22
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UMT Lahore
Abstract
This study argues out contributory factors of the failures of corporate governance in Japan and Malaysia and key lessons to be drawn for Pakistan. Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices and processes according to which a business enterprise is guided and controlled and enhances transparency, accountability and sustainable economic performance. The evolution of the corporate governance practices in Japan and Malaysia is discussed here. Regardless of the introduction of corporate governance codes, some problems have occurred like constant concealment and board indecisiveness, cultural inertia against whistle blowing and auditor non-service, as shown in the Olympus, the Toshiba and the Nissan case. Asian Financial Crisis reforms led to the formulation of Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG) in Malaysia. But the infamous scandals like 1MDB or the accounting fraud in Transmile Group Berhad reveal some fundamental wrongs where governance issues lie. Examination of the two legal systems Japan, the developed economy that holds developed legal institutions, and Malaysia, an emerging market, which has underdeveloped structures provides a blueprint to Pakistan that is invaluable. The development of corporate governance was initiated in Pakistan with the introduction of Code of Corporate Governance 2002. Nevertheless, weak enforcement of rules, absence of board independence and transparency; the prevailing family-owned businesses opposition still remain. Based on the experience in Japan and Malaysia, this study mentions some strategic plans for Pakistan.