SINO-INDIAN RIVALRY IN THE INDIAN OCEAN & ITS MARITIME SECURITY IMPLICATIONS ON PAKISTAN
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Date
2021
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UMT.lahore
Abstract
The topic of this research work is “Sino-Indian Rivalry in Indian Ocean & its Maritime
Security Implications on Pakistan: A Realist Perspective (2015-2020)”. This study has two
parts: one relates to the geopolitics and strategic significance of Indian Ocean. This part has
been looked from the lens of the Nicholas J. Spykman’s ‘Rimland theory’. In this regard, it
argues that Indian Ocean is located at the heart of the ‘rimland’, and has gained the central
attention in the 21st century global politics famously known as ‘naval century’ and ‘Asian
century’. The other part pertains to the behavior of various regional and extra-regional states
in Indian Ocean, which has been analyzed from the prism of the ‘broader framework of
realism’. It is qualitative research, and has employed the ‘documentary analyses,’. China’s
‘tactics’ in Indian Ocean are part of its broader regional and global strategy, and systematic
attempt to inch towards realization of its Two-centenary goals. China considers the United
States as its primary threat and its actions in Indian Ocean are a challenge to the regional
order spearheaded by the US. The US, on the other hand, is attempting to contain the rising
hegemon, and has made India its strategic partner. India considers Indian Ocean its strategic
backyard, and aims at countering the growing China’s footprints. This developing scenario
has serious implications for Pakistan’s maritime security, as it is a major Indian Ocean littoral
state as well as a nodal link in China’s BRI.