Evaluation of Azo dyes biodegradation potential of bacteria for textile waste effluents treatment
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Date
2024-04-08
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UMT Lahore
Abstract
Azo dyes are known to have toxic and carcinogenic properties, affecting aquatic life and human beings. Consequently, it is essential to remove this pollutant from wastewater intended for discharge into water bodies. The current research study aimed to isolate, characterize, and screen bacterial species from textile waste effluent samples and to explore the efficacy of these isolates for Azo dye bioremediation in achieving SDG targets related to clean water and sanitation (SDG 6). Pretreatment of the samples and subsequent culturing were carried out with the following procedure. The morphological characteristics of the isolates were identified by exploiting the Gram staining technique and microscopy along with a series of biochemical assays were accomplished including citrate, coagulase, catalase, urease, oxidase, triple sugar iodine (TSI), motility test, etc. that led to the identification of Bacillus and Corynebacterium species. The degradation capacity of the isolated bacterial species was assessed over one week through the analytical method UV spectroscopy via utilizing various azo dyes as substrates. The findings revealed that both Bacillus and Corynebacterium isolates exhibited notable degradation capabilities. The quantitative analysis divulged that Bacillus species exhibited an impressive 82% degradation of the Sirius Orange KCF dye. Similarly, Corynebacterium displayed a significant degradation of Indosol Orange RSN dye up to 70% within the period of one week. In addition, statistical analysis was done using regression to assess the importance of these findings. The current study’s high breakdown percentages indicated that Bacillus and Corynebacterium bacterial species have the potential to be used for the bioremediation process of these dyes. This could lead to more environmentally friendly and cost-effective approaches for treating textile dye wastewater.