Design of overhead water tank
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Date
2018
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UMT.Lahore
Abstract
Engineering investigation was carried out to study the water requirement and providing of an overhead water tank to the residents of kotha-pind flats, situated in Lahore to fulfill that demand. Numerous visits were made in order to assess number of residents, water requirement and suitable location selection for constructing an overhead water tank. In addition this project design of overhead water tank will be analyzed using STAAD-pro design software. Storage reservoirs and overhead tank are used to store water, liquid petroleum, petroleum products and similar liquids. The force analysis of the reservoirs or tanks is about the same irrespective of the chemical nature of the product. All tanks are designed as crack free structures to eliminate any leakage. This project gives in brief, the theory behind the design of liquid retaining structure (Elevated rectangular water tank with flat base, beams, columns and appropriate footing) using working stress method. Elements are designed according to ACI standards and other respective guidelines. This report also includes computer subroutines to analyze and design rectangular water tank. The program has been written as Macros in Microsoft word using Visual Basic programming language. In the end, the programs are validated with the results of manual calculation given in (Concrete Structure) book. The present chapter deals with the design of water tanks. Reservoirs below ground level are built normally to store large quantities of water whereas those of overhead type are built for direct distribution by gravity flow and are usually of smaller capacity. The reservoirs can be made with a minimum of M-20 concrete so to provide not only strength but also higher density to prevent leakage. A well-graded aggregate with water cement ratio is less than 0.5 is desired for making impervious concrete. Mild or high yield strength steel reinforcement bars can be used in storage tanks. The permissible stress in the reinforcement is controlled by the strain and the crack widths rather than the strengths. Deformed bars or ribbed steel improve the level of cracking capacity in the concrete. A crack width of 0.1 mm has been accepted as a permissible value in water retaining structures. In view of the complexities and uncertainties associated with the crack widths, a simplified approach through allowable stresses is presented.