A decision framework for ranking electronic voting machines using (m, n)-rung orthopair fuzzy soft sets.
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Date
2025-07-17
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UMT Lahore
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to develop a new concept of possibility (m,n)-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set ((m,n)-rofs), which is an expansion of traditional fuzzy set theory. Electronic voting machines related to elections (evms) are becoming more and more reliant on voting; therefore, it is important to have a strong and trustworthy methodology to evaluate them. The results of the study can improve the overall quality of electronic voting machines (evms) in the future and provide valuable information to voters and election officials. This research proposes an effective decision-making approach for evaluating electronic voting machines (evms) using the (m, n)-rofs with a possibility setting based on aggregation operators. Here, the incorporation of possibility settings and aggregation operators enhance the decision-making process by systematically integrating various criteria and expert opinions. To make the possibility (m,n)-rofss acceptable for multi argument scenarios, this study modifies its current structure.
Thus, we first create the basic idea of a possibility (m,n)-rofss. To demonstrate the possibilities of (m,n) rung orthopair fuzzy soft sets, an example is given that shows how several models of electronic voting machines can be assessed using the approach according to established standards. Moreover, using the suggested aggregation operators as a basis, we suggest a method for p-(m,n)-ropfss to address decision-making problems, including known possibility data. These aggregation operators are useful to make research more subjective, and they can also provide a comprehensive evaluation. The foundation of our madm approach is the p (m,n)-rofssga or p (m,n)-rofssaa operators, which take contention relationships into account. Furthermore, sensitivity and comparative analyses are provided in the end, along with a real-life example to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed methods. Their inclusion not only strengthens the method but allows experts to make a cohesive decision-making process. These analyses are helpful in assessing the reliability and stability of the process of evaluation when faced with varying levels of uncertainty.
The evaluation of these machines is conducted based on several critical criteria: security, usability, auditability, initial purchase cost and maintenance cost. This algorithm works well to figure out whether a specific electronic voting machine (evm) is appropriate to use in an election, which will ultimately be a great innovation in the election system of any government. Overall, this method’s actual use shows how adaptable and successful it is at handling challenging decision-making situations. It emphasizes how crucial it is to use contemporary methods to enhance decision-making procedures and guarantee the smooth and dependable operation of vital systems, such as voting mechanisms. This research allows both election officials and voters to understand the performance and sustainability of electronic voting machines during the election. The insights will be beneficial for stakeholders in the electoral process, policymakers, and election officials. It adds to the ongoing discussion about electoral technology and provides information for decision-making processes targeted at improving the credibility, accessibility, and integrity of us elections by analyzing the effectiveness and factors related to these electronic voting systems.