Impact of lactation stages on somatic cell count and milk components on nilli-ravi and kundi breeds
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Date
2023
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UMT, Lhr
Abstract
This study was conducted on two buffalo breeds, Nilli-Ravi and Kundi, and aims to provide valuable insights into the variations of milk components and somatic cell
count (SCC) with respect to breed and lactation stages. A total of 30 milk samples from two buffalo breeds (Nilli-Ravi and Kundi) were included and divided into three
groups (early, mid, late) based on their stage of lactation. Milk fat % by the Gerber method, protein by Kjeldahal method, on a Neubauer chamber under a light
microscope, and other milk components such as ash, solid not fat (S.N.F), Total solids (T.S), acidity, pH were estimated by the official method of AOAC. Data were
evaluated on SPSS to know the significant variation by one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation was employed to know the relationship. This study indicates that the Nilli-Ravi breed exhibits significantly(P<0.05) higher fat (6.73%), protein (3.55%),S.N.F (9.54%), SCC (1.35x105 cells/ml), and T.S(9.54%) compared to the Kundi breed with fat (6.48%), protein (3.33%), SCC (1.09x105 cells/ml), S.N.F (9.0%), and Total solids(16.08%). Though, no significant differences were found between the breeds in terms of acidity, ash%, and pH. The present investigation revealed a consistent and synchronized fluctuation pattern in milk fat, protein, S.N.F%, T.S%, and SCC in both the Nilli-Ravi and Kundi breeds. The observed trend exhibited an initial elevation in concentration, followed by a gradual decline during the mid-lactation stage, and reaching a peak at the final stage. In Nilli-Ravi breed significant variation at early, mid, and late stages in fat % (p < 0.004), S.N.F % (p < 0.03), T.S % (p < 0.04) was observed but the non-significant difference was observed in protein (p > 0.11) percentage at each lactation stages. In Kundi breed Significant variation at early, mid, and late stages in fat percentage (p < 0.002), protein (p < 0.007) percentage, and T.S% (p < 0.01), but non-significant differences were observed in S.N.F % (p >0.13) in Kundi breeds. Although no significant differences were found at early, mid, and late stages in ash%, acidity, and pH% based on lactation stage within each breed. In Pearson correlation significant and consistent negative correlation was observed between SCC and milk components, decrease in fat% (r = -0.602, p = 0.001), protein% (r = -0.479, p = 0.007), and S.N.F (r = -0.425, p = 0.019) as SCC increase. In conclusion, understanding the role of SCC , the influence of the lactation stage, and the selection of high-performing breeds Nilli-Ravi as a comparison to Kundi are ensuring the production of high-quality dairy products at an industrial level