(European journal of plant pathology, 2018) Muhammad Ali; Sidra Anwar; Malik Nawaz Shuja; Rajiv Kumar Tripathi; Jaswinder Singh
Luteoviruses are economically important plant viruses. Specifically, barley yellow dwarf virus is epiphytotic to almost all small-grain cereal growing areas. The disease cycle is complex. This luteovirus has evolved several intelligent mechanisms to
communicate with both plant and phloem-feeding insect-vectoraphid.Environmentalcuesinfluencedisease severity, aphid infestation and viral load. Within an aphid, virus circulates persistently in a nonpropagative manner and is transmitted selectively to the host plants. Selection of viruses within aphids has a role in virus isolate prevalence over a specific area. In the host-plant system, the virus has to release its single sense-strand RNA genome (approx. 5.6 to 6 kb), translateandsubsequentlyreplicateitsgenomeusingitsown replicase and host machinery. This review summarizes our current understanding of disease epidemiology and reviews the current literature encompassing viral infectivity, economic impact and control measures.