School of Governance and Society (SGS)

Permanent URI for this community

https://escholar.umt.edu.pk/handle/123456789/1203

Browse

Browsing School of Governance and Society (SGS) by Subject "MS Thesis"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Globalization and Pakistan
    (University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2017) Maria Usman
    Globalization is an acceleration and intensification of the economic interaction among the companies, governments, and people of different nations in the world. Globalization has affected all the nations of the world. Pakistancould not benefit from Globalization. Unlike China and India, Pakistancould not become an active recipient of globalization. This study aims to find the reality behind the failure of Pakistanto become an active recipient of globalization. This study is likely to reveal that why Pakistancould not benefit from globalization. This study throws light on the reasons behind the lack of skilled manpower and its effect on globalization in Pakistan. This study is likely to be helpful in understanding the current situation of the country and outlining possible future direction of globalization in Pakistan. Mixed-method approach is used. It is an exploratory and descriptive study. This study is an applied research. It is a cross-sectional study. Primary data is collected from experts as well as university students. Purposive sampling is used to choose the respondents for the study. Sample size is 163. The instrument used for primary data collection is a questionnaire comprising of open ended and close ended questions. Secondary data sources are also analyzed. The policies including, National Education Policy 2009, Labor Policy 2010, National Youth Policy 2008, Investment Policy 2013, Strategic Trade Policy Framework 2015-2018, Monetary Policy Statement July 2017, and Fiscal Policy Statement 2015-2016 are also analyzed for the study. Content analysis technique is used for the qualitative analysis of the data. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) 21 software is used for analyzing the data quantitatively. The study found various reasons due to which Pakistancould not benefit from globalization. It found that unskilled manpower, high illiteracy rates, current education system, lack the capacity for investment due to small industrial sector, less participation of female labor force, lack of technology, unawareness, foreign aid, closed industries and the quality of products being produced in the country are the prominent factors due to which Pakistancould not benefit from globalization. This study explored the reasons behind the lack of unskilled manpower. Illiteracy and the current system of education in the country, lack of technical and vocational training, poverty and lack of prosperity, and the lack of political will are the important factors behind unskilled manpower in the country. This study found the reasons behind the failure of Pakistanto become an active recipient of globalization. Lack of skilled manpower, lack of enough infrastructure to cope with this opportunity, small scale production, improper utilization of resources, relying on only few countries for trade, image of the corrupt governments, self-centered policies, and lack of political will are the reasons behind the failure of Pakistanto become an active recipient of globalization. If things remain as they are, there is hardly much chance of expanding globalization any further. There are more chances of globalization coming from China. For better future, elimination of corruption, better infrastructure, and human resource development is required. Manpower must be skilled. People must be educated. For better future, people centered policies must be developed. The study gave recommendation by which Pakistancan get benefits from the process of globalization. There is a dire need to impart skills to the people. Literacy rate must be increased. There is a need to bring changes in education system. There is a need to enhance social sector expenditures. Governments must devise the ways by which enough resources can be allocated for health and education. There is need to devise pragmatic ways by which we can overcome malnutrition and poverty because people suffering from malnutrition and poverty cannot acquire skills. We should identify our strengths and gain maximum benefits out of our resources. There is need to reconsider, which markets should be targeted and which commodities should be targeted. There must be focus on value added products. There is need to recognize the specialized field of Pakistan
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The myth or reality of Religious Terrorism – a case study of Pakistan (1980s Onward)
    (University of Management and Technology, 2016) Haroon, Ayesha
    The concept of religious terrorism developed at the time of independence because objective resolution passed in 1949 without the consultation of minorities. It was opposed and criticized by the minority leaders that this resolution contained the basic principles of Islamic political system. So, the unintended consequences of this resolution created a seed of religious terrorism on the communal ground. This resolution has encouraged the use of religion against any sect to create terrorism in the name of religion. The violence of sectarianism was the first step towards religious terrorism in Pakistan. The Ahmadi movement was leading step towards sectarian war. It started and grabbed the country into sectarian war. Thereafter, the Shia sect became the main target because after declaring Ahmadi as non-Muslims, the so called religious cleric declared Shias in the category of non-believers. The next kind of religious terrorism is very complex because it states itself and projects themselves as Jihadi organizations, who are involved in Indian held Kashmir because Kashmir cause is the national narrative of Pakistani state. Although, 9/11 and war on terror are considered real wave of terrorism in this region but it is the reality that Pakistan has been indulged in religious terrorism. The global war on terror actually made two perceptions about terrorism; the war between Islam and West and U.S forces come for its own interest but gradually things went wrong and instability became the destructive factor across Pakistan. This research examines that how religious terrorism has been initiated in Pakistan. This research has selected five religious terrorist organizations. Each organization has different type of approach towards terrorism but religion is the main triggering factor because it gives the legitimation to use of violence. The five terrorist organizations Lashkar e Jhangvi, Jundallah, Lashkar e Taiba, Jaish e Mohammad and Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan describe different patterns of violence. Lashkar e Jhangvi and Jundallah are sectarian based organizations that kill Shia Muslims as Shias are non-believers in the eye of these organizations. The state used Jihadi groups to liberate Kashmiri ix Freedom movement in their own interest and now these organizations are working independently. TTP and its ethno religious terrorism is confronting state and using religion as an opportunity to motivate people. The reality is religious terrorism often marginalized with the terminology of conspiracy, western propaganda and an effort to destabilize Pakistan. There is no doubt that terrorism is caused by religion in Pakistan.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The role of monitoring and evaluation in the public sector development projects: a case study of the Punjab cities governance improvement project (PCGIP)
    (University of Management and Technology Lahore, 2015) Ali, Shan
    This paper is based on the role of monitoring and evaluation towards improved governance-- a case study of the Punjab Cities Governance Improvement Project (PCGIP) as a research design. Owing to growing social, economic and governance challenges to the province, a number of governance issues are on the rise. Hence, in order to tackle governance mismanagement, the government of the Punjab is committed to improve the services delivery and provision of other civic services through improved governance system in the province with the coordination of city entities like, CDGs, WASAs and DAs of the five big selected cities of the province. The project is being funded by the World Bank (with worth amount US $150 million) which is working in the five major cities of the province namely; Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan and Gujranwala. The project has established seven Disbursement Linked Indicators (DLIs) tomeasure the annual based performance and progress of the project in the respective cities through their proper monitoring and evaluation. This, M & E system provides overall a framework of action and mechanism in achieving the desired objectives and goals of a project within its set costs and time limit.Thus, monitoring measures the performance of implementation of an ongoing project to check and highlight any deviation. At the same time, evaluation is made to gauge the impact of activities performed, in addition, it also enhances our experience and learning in both cases of success and failure as well. In this study, the role of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is being studied as a fundamental tool to measure the level of effectiveness, efficiency, transparency and accountability, and a way forward to improve governance system in thePunjab province. This may ensure improved municipal services delivery to the citizens and good living standards in the selected cities.The study is following qualitative approach, while data have been collected through structured interviews which has been analyze through content analysis method. At the end of the paper for improvements of the project, certain recommendations have also been offered.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The Role of Rural Woman in the Rural-Urban Migration Decisions: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Migratory Facets toward Lahore
    (University of Management and Technology, 2017) Lubna Naz
    This study investigates pull and push factors inspiring rural-urban migration toward Lahore - capital city of Punjab province of Pakistan. Among many other less consequential factors, the study in particular seeks to identify most important contributory factors in said migratory processes, coupled with whether or not woman empirically plays any role in spatial relocation of her household. Within a broader positivistic framework, data is collected entailing convenience random sampling of select locales of Lahore and analyzed using quantitative methods i.e., factor and regression analysis. It emerges that apart from significant role of woman in decision making for internal migration, the other more conspicuous variables found in rural-urban migration is the economic factor that has emerged as significant accounting for 47 % of total variance. Social factor is the second important factor with 29 % of variance. Better urban amenity is the third important factor that explained 12% of total variation.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Trend of public-private partnership in Pakistan: An analytical study
    (UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 2015) Mariam Ahmed
    The concept of Public-Private partnership was developed formally in 1980s after the emergence of New Public Management (NPM) which has shaped governance into a new form. New Public Management has encouraged joint collaboration of public and private sector for the development of different projects. United States of America and United Kingdom are leading countries who have practiced Public-Private partnership in different sectors successfully. Other countries have also implemented Public-Private partnership in different areas. The response of Public-Private partnership projects is mixed all over the world. There are success stories as well as failure stories of Public-Private partnership projects in different countries. Pakistanalso experimented with Public-Private partnership in 90s. Private sector was invited in telecom and power sector mainly. Power generation plants were established on the basis of Public-Private partnership but it was not an efficacious project. The failure of the project did not discouraged Government of Pakistanand it involved private sector in some more projects in different areas. In 2010, Government of Pakistanhas developed a policy on Public Private Partnership which has been approved by Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) but there is slow progress in terms of its implementation. Hence, it is required to find out the reasons of slow implementation of Public-Private partnership in Pakistanbecause it is an effective tool to improve the governance of the country where there is financial deficit and resource constraint. On the other hand, private sector in Pakistanhas not only abundant resources but also expertise and skills. Therefore, it is viable option to involve private sector in public sector projects for timely and efficient completion. This research study has explored the causes of slow practice of Public-Private partnership along with the experiences of Pakistanin Public-Private partnership projects.