Browsing by Author "Umer Javed"

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    “Feasibility study on Tobacco based Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) for Pakistan”
    (UMT, Lahore, 2023) Ali Haider; Shan Rasheed; Umer Javed; Shahzaib Nasir; Fahad Azhar
    Purpose – There has been relatively very little study on production and use of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) in Pakistan. There are multiple sources for obtaining SAF and one of them is tobacco. This study aims to find out how feasible is the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel from Tobacco in Pakistan and what are the practices adopted around the world for the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuel. Methodology – This research is a mix method using both primary and secondary data regarding the tobacco growth in Pakistan, Annual fuel consumption of aviation fuel in Pakistan, Processes involved in the production of fuel from tobacco and different environmental initiatives in the aviation industry was collected through different online sources like websites of ICAO, IATA, reputed journal articles and official reports from OGRA, Government of Pakistan etc. This data was analysed with the current policies of the aviation industry in Pakistan. Interviews of farmers were also recorded in this study. Findings – Tobacco can be used as Sustainable Aviation Fuel. Aviation Fuel. Stems and leaves have been analysed for sugar contents and they have sufficient quantity of sugar to produce bioethanol on commercial scale. According to estimates 143,100 thousand tons of SAF can be produced in Pakistan which accounts for 17% of the total aviation fuel used in Pakistan. So, tobacco in Pakistan is sufficient for 5% of blending in the initial stage. This will also provide tobacco farmers an alternative as they are under pressure from health authorities. This will help Pakistan in import substitution of fuel. Aviation industry aims to achieve Net Zero Carbon by 2050. For this reason, ICAO has devised a plan named Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). The three staged program aims to reduce emissions. Pakistan is not a member of carbon offsetting initiative. Research Limitations - Due to access restrictions it was not permitted to visit the biodiesel plants near Lahore. On the other hand, due to lack of time and technical support different varieties of tobacco in Pakistan could not be tested. PCAA, Airlines and Airport’s perspective could not be obtained due to time limitation. Originality - Till date no such study has been done on the production of sustainable aviation fuel from tobacco in Pakistan. This study is based on the data available from various online sources.
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    Unmanned sureillance robot (USR)
    (University of Management and Technology, 2014) Robail Ahmed Khan; Izan, Muhammad; Huzair Malik; Umer Javed
    In this day and age when machines are taking over the manual jobs of humans such as packaging, manufacturing and computing, it is essential that we have to find application in machines where human life is threatened. Safety and security is something we still do not entrust to machines, however one must look at the broader picture and understand the vast uses to which these machines can be put in order to save human lives from getting endangered. With this idea in mind we set out to develop a USR (Unmanned surveillance robot) that can perform the reconnaissance and surveillance duties of humans .The major objectives were to have robust yet practical and portable body, single communication link to handle all the data going to and from the robot, obstacle avoidance to help in automatic mode and video feedback. The system for the USR has been such that the user has the freedom to use only one operating end and operate all the tasks directly. This has been made possible by bringing all the communications onto one platform and then programming the microcontroller and the GUI to use that link for operation. Before coming to this conclusion, there were several other ideas that could have been possible. The only major possibility was the same as that was used in all previous attempts at telecom-operated robots in Pakistan. The method involved using RF controller to operate the robot in the manual manner and use the Wi-Fi technology only for audio and video feedback. This is not the feasible solution since it attracts a large cost in the form of RF Controller and RF Transceiver at robot end. It also requires a wireless camera, the mounted camera. To help us with level of communication our choice is Wi-Fi camera, router and Ethernet converter. This reduces the amount of hardware required on the operator and enabling easy setup and portability.
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    Unmanned surveillance robot (usr)
    (UMT.Lahore, 2014) Rohail Ahmed Khan; Muhammad Izan; Huzair Malik; Umer Javed