Browsing by Author "Shanzay Irfan"

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    Cross-Border Migration Throughout Pakistan
    (UMT, Lahore, 2023) Shanzay Irfan
    Migration is a global phenomenon that significantly shapes the socioeconomic landscape of countries and regions worldwide. This study delves into the multifaceted realm of international migration, with a particular focus on Pakistan's role as a pivotal player in this dynamic process. Utilizing a quantitative research approach with individuals as the primary unit of analysis, this study conducted a comprehensive survey among 360 faculty members at the University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore. The research findings reveal a diverse demographic profile of the respondents, encompassing a wide range of ages, genders, and educational qualifications. This diversity offers a comprehensive perspective on migration issues, providing insights applicable to various segments of the population. Data analysis was executed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), employing descriptive statistics to synthesize and interpret the collected data effectively. The results illuminate how respondents perceive various facets of migration and its impacts, shedding light on their attitudes and perspectives. The findings indicate that the majority of respondents possess substantial educational qualifications, with perceptions generally aligning within an acceptable range. Reliability and validity of the survey instrument were meticulously assessed through the application of Cronbach's alpha, with most constructs exhibiting robust reliability. These results provide methodological confidence in the survey's effectiveness. This research endeavor contributes substantially to our understanding of migration dynamics, especially in the context of skilled migration, and offers actionable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders seeking to address contemporary migration challenges.
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    The influence of entrepreneurial ecosystems on female entrepreneurial intentions
    (UMT,Lahore, 2025) Shanzay Irfan
    This study investigates at the influence of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, on entrepreneurial intentions in pakistani women, with a focus on the mediating effects of entrepreneurial passion and moderating effects of the internal locus of control. Based on the theories of social cognitive theory, dualistic model of passion, and locus of control theory, the research utilized a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 300 women, who practiced or wanted to become an entrepreneur. The descriptive findings suggest that the perceived ees, eps, and eis are high (m = 6.84, sd = 0.14), as well as, the perceived locs (m = 5.83, sd = 0.09). Correlation analysis indicates that there are strong relationships between loc-ep (r =.979), loc-ei (r =.945) and ep ei(r=.944). Results of regression analysis with ee as the independent variable, ep as the dependent variables, and the ei as a dependent variables calculated the results of regression as the following: ee is a significant predictor of epc (b = 0.6937, p =.001), and ep is a significant predictor of ei (b = 0.1720, p =.020). Direct impact of eec on eic does not matter (b = 0.0334, p =.274), which is the confirmation of the influence indirectly through passion. The ep-ei relationship is very moderating with the level of ep-ei relationship increasing with the level of loc which is low (b = 0.3261), middle (b = 0.3775), and high (b = 0.4271). The moderated mediation index is important (0.0445; 95% ci 0.0217 0.0721), and the ecosystem effects are found to be stronger among women who have greater internal control beliefs. The results reveal the pivotal role of passion and psychological empowerment in the capability of supporting the system to become an entrepreneur through changes in enthusiasm, suggesting implications on gender-sensitive policy and entrepreneurial development interventions