Browsing by Author "Muhammad Uzair"

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    Comparative analysis of criminal law and hudood law in the context of pakistan laws
    (UMT.Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Uzair; Muhammad Huzaifa Amjad; Hadeed Akmal Khan; Farooq Ahmad Khan
    This study conducts a comparative analysis between Hudood law and criminal law in Pakistan, examining their origins, purposes, applications, results, and societal impacts. Hudood laws are divine mandates in Islamic ideology, believed to be perfect and unchangeable, while criminal laws are state-legislated and adaptable, often altered to suit political needs. Hudood law, with its severe and rigid punishments, aims to serve justice and deter crime through fear, adhering to the principle of "an eye for an eye." In contrast, criminal law focuses on rehabilitating offenders, giving them multiple chances to reform, which can lead to recidivism and higher crime rates. The effectiveness of these laws is compared using case studies of secular states like the United States, which follows criminal law, and Islamic states like Saudi Arabia, which implements Hudood law. Findings show that while the U.S. struggles to control crime rates despite being a superpower, Saudi Arabia has negligible crime due to the strict enforcement of Hudood laws. The study argues that Hudood laws, though criticized for being harsh, are effective in maintaining social order and justice. It concludes that for a peaceful society, Hudood laws, based on strong logic and consistent effectiveness, should be preferred over criminal laws. Keywords: Comparative Law, Criminal Law in Pakistan, Hudood Ordinances, Islamic Law, Shariah Law, Hudood Law in Pakistan, Penal Code of Pakistan, Legal Framework of Pakistan,
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    Evaluation & controlling of oxidation in vat dyes (Indigo) for denim processing
    (University of Management and Technology, 2014) Zain Qazi; Arham Saeed; Muhammad Uzair; Haris Abdullah
    Denim is one of the world largest wearing stitched fabrics which are extensively not used in European countries but also in all Asiatic &Middle East states like India, China, Iran, Jordan,Saudi Arab, Pakistan, Malaysia etc. Denim has grown just about the most used outfits on the globe. Today jeans are an essential part of our lives. They are almost always washed a few times before being sold to give them their faded appearance. Indigo islike a soul of the body in denim industry, without“indigo dye” denim is almostimperfect, having no look as compare to well indigo dyeddenim. Now-a-days there are uncountable varieties and styles of denim, which are manufactured in all over textile sector of the world by keeping in view the increasing demand of fashion designers, brands and trend setters.Use of natural indigo is expensive and it is not easily available for the fulfillment the demand of denim manufacturing industries so researchers manufactured Indigo synthetically.Synthetic Indigo is reliable, easily available and most importantly it is cheaper than natural-indigo. The denim is actually the combination of warp and weft, in which the warp is mainly dyed with indigo in the form of rope. These ropes are arranged before the dyeing machine in the form of balls(on 12-36 beams) and then passed from the rope dyeing machine before further processes. Indigo Dyeing of rope is not an easy task for the dyers. It is performed under controlled conditions.This form of dyeing is also called ring dyeing because the yarn in the ropeis dyed just from the outer side not from the center. The main color of denim is actually depends upon the amount of indigo penetration in the fibers of the yarn (rope), with the help of airing (skying) or oxidation process in air. As long as the dyed yarns ropes are remain in contact with air after dipping in indigo, the oxidation or airing occurs, as the result, the indigo fixation on the surface of yarn is more lasting. This procedure (oxidation) decides the color of the fabric; either it is darker or lighter one. For more rigid shades the ropes will have to be in contact with air for longer time period as compared to the non-rigid shades. For better oxidation the regulation of air in indigo dyeing section/department is veryessential. For the sake of regulation of air in dyeing department big fans, air blowers etc. can be placed which can regulate the air around the dyeing section.
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    Shajarkaari
    (UMT, Lahore, 2025) Muhammad Uzair