Browsing by Author "Muhammad Shoaib Pervez"

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    The normative structure of the european union: a constructivist analysis
    (Journal of European Studies, 2018) Muhammad Shoaib Pervez
    This article discusses the normative structure of the European Union (EU) in line with the constructivist framework. This approach drifts from realism and studies international relations under a socially constructed context (norms, culture). It is divided into three sections. The first section elucidates the contours of a common European identity, which has come into being under the auspices of the EU. The penultimate section explains the normative structure of the EU by focusing on the membership negotiations it has had with Turkey, and how these talks between Ankara and Brussels, ultimately, broke down under the pressures exerted by this structure. The last section explores the norms promoted by the EU, and the role elitist rhetoric has played in the process of Europeanization.
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    Strategic culture reconceptualized: the case of india and the bjp
    (International Politics, 2018) Muhammad Shoaib Pervez
    In this paper I argue that strategic culture is shaped by the ideology of a political party and is carried through elites’ practices. A state’s decision to become a nuclear power is often explained by rational choice theories. These theories assume states as rational actors and explain their behavior by cost–benefit calculation, keeping in mind the material cost involved in such decisions. The problem with such approaches is that they usually underemphasize the impact of other influences like culture. One such variable is the role of a political party’s ideology that influences the identities of state elites and helps shape their strategic behavior. Therefore, strategic culture is appropriately explained by looking at intervening variable of elite socialization that stems from the persuasive power of socially constructed norms of political parties.