Browsing by Author "Muhammad Nouman"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Celtic Knots
    (UMT Lahore, 2023) Muhammad Nouman
    Celtic knot is a unique and captivating historical fiction story that weaves believable mystery elements into the shape. The tight link between the aesthetic design aspects and symbolic meaning explains their endurance. The connotations given to Celtic knots have endured over millennia. One meaning has triumphed over all others. They were considered to represent trust, unity among people, and, in some cases, protection from evil spirits. The Celts were the most populous people in ancient Europe. Celtic knots are continuous loops with no start or end, and they are thought to symbolize eternity in the form of loyalty, faith, friendship, or love. Celtic symbols can be discovered in the earliest art forms all throughout the world, thousands of years before Christianity. Simple knot work, primarily spirals, key patterns, and step patterns, was used in the Celtic civilization. The introduction of Christianity to Ireland aided the growth of Celtic symbolism, the creation of more intricate and complicated designs, and the widespread use of Celtic knots
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    Information rights guaranteed by pakistan’s Constitution
    (UMT.Lahore, 2024) Muhammad Abdullah Khan Niazi; Muhammad Anees Akhtar; Muhammad Nouman; Ali Humza
    This thesis explores the constitutional provisions of information rights, focusing on theirimportance in promoting citizen empowerment and successful governance. It examines theevolution of constitutional guarantees for the right to information, their implications forsustaining governmental transparency, and the need for effective implementation andenforcement strategies. The research highlights the need for legal frameworks to addressemerging challenges in the digital age and the promise and challenges of constitutionalframeworks governing the right to knowledge. Comparing constitutional provisions in differentnations provides insights into best practices and potential reform areas. The thesis emphasizesthe importance of constitutionally guaranteed information rights in encouraging transparency,responsibility, and active democracy in today's digital
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    Religious and communal violence and collective trauma of 1947 partition
    (UMT, Lahore, 2022) Muhammad Nouman
    This thesis aims to show the communal and religious violence and horrors during the time of partition as depicted in Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan. It avails Gilad Hirschberger’s collective trauma theory to explore how common and innocent people were collectively traumatized by communal violence and argues that it still persists in the collective psyche of the people of the Indian subcontinent. Before partition, different communities (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh) were living together peacefully and but the circumstances of partition broke down the trust and harmony of society. Life after partition was no longer the same. The collective trauma of partition shattered the fabric of society by exposing a darker side of humanity. Religion was used to incite communities against each other, which spread communal violence like wildfire in different parts of the subcontinent, including Punjab. Social, political and religious values collapsed and administrative authorities did not take any step to control violence. Rather they were intentionally or unintentionally involved in spreading the violence as well. Innocent people tried to protect their religion through the massacre of other communities. It caused collective trauma as each community was trying to do the same. During this time, people were no more human, they were just Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. Violence can never be justified by any religion. The people’s sufferings were not only limited to physical suffering, they suffered mentally and emotionally as well, and their generation still have that mental anguish because of the wound of partition trauma in their collective unconsciousness. These are the ideas prevalent in Train to Pakistan, and using its characters, this thesis details collective trauma in the subcontinent.
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    Wlan improvisation using opnet
    (UMT.Lahore, 2018) Alishey Farrukh; Muhammad Nouman; Aqsa Abdullah
    In this era of fast paced technologies wireless networks have become more desirable for users rather than the wired networks. But, unfortunately it has a drawback of low bandwidth. Despite the fact it is more likely due to mobility, flexibility and it having cheap physical medium (air). Network performance based on IEEE 802.11 have become more popular during this era. For researchers to evaluate the network performance and telecommunication evaluation computer simulation has become a vital tool.[2] Simulation is more preferred as there is more availability of strong simulators and there is built-in flexibility in validation that is offered by the model construction and simulation. There are several network simulators available in the market but OPNET IT Guru is more preferable. [3]OPNET IT Guru enables the user’s easy creation of virtual scenarios and the factors changing with fast and effective outcomes which can definitely carried forward in practical use. There are several factors that affect the network performance of WLAN of which a few are throughput, increased retransmission, propagation delay, network delay, queuing delay, load delay, media access delay, bandwidth and many more. [4]In our paper we will be providing variation in the factor of bandwidth in the provided ranges available on OPNET IT GURU and will be checking its effect caused on the factors of media access delay, load delay and throughput on four technology models which are being used. Our technology models include Frequency hopping, 802.11a, 802.11g and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum. The number of users will be varied on four technologies and also along the buffer size will be varied and result will be concluded to be evaluated.