Browsing by Author "Muhammad Mujahid"

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    Electrolytes imbalance in acute stroke patients, both in heamorrhagic and ischemic stroke, with hypertension and diabetes.
    (UMT, Lhr, 2021) Muhammad Mujahid
    Electrolytes concentration were studied in acute stroke (heamorrhagic and ischemic) in comparison with hypertension and diabetes. We were studied about imbalance of serum sodium, potassium and chlorine in eight different groups of patients having H-HT-D, HHT-ND, H-NHT-ND, H-NHT-ND, I-HT-D, I-HT-ND, I-NHT-D, I-NHT-ND. Two hundred five patients were studied. Data were collected from Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Medical officers diagnosed of patients on the bases of imaging (CT scan and MRI) and on patients presenting complain. Statistical package for social science (SSPS) 20.0, Statistics Tool, was used for analyzed of patients data. Concentration of serum electrolytes were measured in 134 (65.4%) acute hemorrhagic and 71 (34.6%) acute ischemic stroke patients. Average age of patients were 56±14.5 years old. We observed of hyponatremia and hypochloremia in both heamorrhagic and ischemic stroke which were close to statistical significant. Hyponatremia 31.3% was more in heamorrhagic patients with non-hypertension and non-diabetes as compared to ischemic stroke. Hypochloremia 13.9% was more in ischemic with hypertension and non-diabetes as compared to heamorrhagic stroke. We were also observed hyperchloremia (7.3%) and (3.6%) in both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke with hypertension and diabetes. We were also observed hyperkalemia (9.8%) in heamorrhagic and hypokalemia (16.7%) in schemic stroke with diabetes patients excluding hypertension parameter. It was close to statistical significant.
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    GC-MS and HPLC as the analytical tools in solving the taxonomic controversies of plants
    (2013) Ayesha Mohy-Ud-Din; Muhammad A.Kashmiri; Z. Khan; Muhammad Mujahid; Muhammad H.Q. Khan
    The science of chemical taxonomy is used for the classification of plants on the basis of their chemical constituents which are deeply concerned with the molecular characteristics. Five locally available plant taxa of Solanum nigrum Complex viz.: S. americanum Mill., S. chenopodioides Lam., S. nigrum L., S. retroflexum Dunal and S. villosum Mill. were investigated. GC-MS and HPLC were used as the analytical tools to resolve the international taxonomic controversy about these plants. Comparative qualitative and quantitative analyses of these plant samples were undertaken keeping Alkaloids, Flavonoids and Epicuticular wax as potential characters. The glycosides of alkaloids and flavonoids were determined by HPLC whereas their aglycones and epicuticular waxes were analysed using GC-MS. HPLC and GC-MS analyses of these constituents from S. nigrum Complex had not been reported previously. Statistical cluster analyses of results grouped taxa into different clusters on the basis of similarity index and Euclidean distance.