Browsing by Author "MUHAMMAD MUNTAZIR IQBAL"

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    Detection of pesticides in different matrices using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
    (UMT, Lhr, 2018) MUHAMMAD MUNTAZIR IQBAL
    Detection of pesticides in different kind of samples had started since their production and utilization. It was necessary to do so because they are very harmful to worthy lives especially humans. Sometimes, they harm, destroy and kill human beings when used un-carefully. The farmers dealing with pesticides are exposed to them when they do not consider the recommended self-protection guidelines. Some peoples are affected by pesticides when they are exposed accidently. Peoples die when they take pesticide to commit suicide as well as in homicidal attempts. So, considering all these issues, many extraction and detection techniques have been developed over time. Liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction have been the most useful extraction methods. For detection, gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorus detector, gas chromatography-mass spectrometer detector, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer have been the most prominent tools. Purpose of this study was to develop a detection method on GC-MS for the quantitation of nine organic pesticides including sulfotep, phorate, carbofurane, pyriproxyfen, chlorpyrifos, profenophos, triazophos, lambda-cyhalothrin and permethrin in anti-mortem and post-mortem specimens and water. A new efficient and robust extraction method was developed for the extraction of target analytes from blood, urine, liver, stomach contents and water samples. It included modified QuEChERS method using brucine as internal standard at basic pH. Quantitative method was developed on GC-MS. The extraction method was robust with better recovery and minimum organic solvent use. Nine organic pesticides could be quantitated simultaneously on GC-MS with a short analytical run time of 14 minutes only. The LOD and LOQ of the method both were 0.01 mg/L. The validated method was applied for the quantitation of target pesticides in stomach contents of deceased women who committed suicide by taking pesticide.